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Kidong Kang,So-Ra Le,Xuezhe Piao,Gang Min Hur 대한약학회 2019 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.42 No.1
Programmed cell death is critical to the physiological function of multi-cellular organisms, controlling development, immunity, inflammation, and cancer progression. Death receptor (DR)-mediated regulation of a protease functions as a second messenger to initiate a death signal cascade to induce apoptosis or necroptosis. Recently, it has become clear that post-translational modifications (PTMs) of signaling components in the DR complex are highly complex, temporally controlled, and tightly regulated, and play an important role in cell death signaling. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological consequences of PTMs on the formation of the DR signaling complex, especially with respect to tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). Furthermore, characterization of the role of PTMs in spatially different TNFR1 complexes (complexes I and II), especially with respect to the role of ubiquitination and phosphorylation of receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) in programmed cell death in cancer cells, will be reviewed. By integrating recently gained insight of the functional importance of PTMs in complex I or II, this review discusses how the concerted action of PTMs results in life or death upon DR ligation. Finally, the emerging concept of a sequential cell death checkpoint by the PTMs of RIP1, which may reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for the treatment of some cancers, will be discussed.
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Byun, Hee Sun,Zhou, Wei,Park, InWha,Kang, Kidong,Lee, So-Ra,Piao, Xuezhe,Park, Jin Bong,Kwon, Taeg Kyu,Na, MinKyun,Hur, Gang Min Elsevier 2018 Biochemical pharmacology Vol.158 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite recent tremendous progress, targeting of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as a cancer therapy has limited success in many clinical trials, in part due to inactivation of death inducing signaling complex (DISC)-mediated caspase-8 signaling cascade in highly malignant tumors such as glioblastoma. In this study, screening of constituents derived from <I>Astilbe rivularis</I> for TRAIL-sensitizing activity identified C-27-carboxylated oleanolic acid derivatives (C27OAs) including 3β-hydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-1), 3β,6β,7α-trihydroxyolean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-2), and 3β-<I>trans</I>-<I>p</I>-coumaroyloxy-olean-12-en-27-oic acid (C27OA-3) as novel TRAIL sensitizers. Interestingly, these C27OAs did not affect apoptotic cell death induced by either ligation of other death receptor (DR) types, such as TNF and Fas or DNA damaging agents, which suggests that C27OAs effectively and selectively sensitize TRAIL-mediated caspase-8 activation. Mechanistically, C27OAs upregulate the expression of cell surface DR5 and DISC formation without affecting downstream intracellular apoptosis-related proteins. The upregulation of DR5 expression by C27OAs strictly depends on transactivation of C/EBP homology protein, which is regulated through the p38 MAPK pathway, rather than p53 and intracellular reactive oxygen species status. Taken together, our results identify the novel C27OAs as TRAIL sensitizers targeting the upstream DISC assembly of DR5, and provide a rationale for further development of C27OAs for facilitating TRAIL-based chemotherapy in glioblastoma patients.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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