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Plastic Deformation Mechanism of the Ti6Al4V Micro-gear Formed Under an Electrical Field
Bo Zeng,Xiangzhong Yan,Zhiqiang Xie,Jian Liu,Jie Wang,Kunlan Huang,Yi Yang 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.11 No.1
Despite the fact that titanium alloy micro-gear has superior performance and can withstand special conditions, it is difficult to machine due to its poor plasticity and high strength. We proposed an eco-friendly, efficient, and sustainable electric field assisted micro-plastic forming technology (micro-EFAPFT) for forming titanium alloy microparts. Ti-6Al-4 V alloy bars were extruded into micro-gears using an electrothermal coupling field and Joule heating in a graphite mold. The micro-gear has high precision, good surface quality, and a simple process. The whole process takes only 380 s. The findings demonstrate that the best gear forming degree, fewer microstructure defects, and hardness reaching 330.1 HV—4.4% higher than that of the raw material—occur when the pressure holding period is 120 s. During the plastic deformation process, phase transformation and recrystallization occur, increasing the fraction of α phase from 96.6–99.68% and increasing the grain orientation difference. The tooth tip has finer grains but longer dislocation lines. In conclusion, the electric field accelerates dislocation motion, reduces dislocation density, and increases material plasticity, allowing the Ti6Al4V micro-gear to be formed in a single step. The experimental results validate the feasibility of this technology for producing titanium alloy micro-gear and can be used to guide the production of different materials and shapes of microparts.
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