Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Control Considering the Actuator Failure of Forklift Anti-Rollover System

Xia Guang,Li Tao,Tang Xiwen,Zhang Yang,Zhao Linfeng 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.3

An adaptive fault-tolerant anti-rollover fuzzy system is proposed to improve the anti-rollover performance of counterbalanced forklifts. Considering the actual control input, various unpredictable actuator failure models in the system are established. Based on the three degree-of-freedom (DOF) model of a counterbalanced forklift, an anti-rollover Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy system is established. The stability of this anti-rollover system is analyzed to ensure its stability under specific control inputs and external disturbances. When the upper limits of actuator faults and disturbances are unknown, an adaptive fault-tolerant control method is designed to update the controller parameters. The sufficient conditions for the stability of the forklift anti-rollover system in the presence of actuator faults and external disturbances are given using the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation and real vehicle tests based on MATLAB/Simulink show that the anti-rollover system with adaptive fault-tolerant control can reduce impacts effectively and quickly after the actuator fails, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the forklift.

Anti-Rollover Control Based on Stable Zone Partition of Counterbalanced Forklift Trucks

Xia Guang,Xia Yan,Tang Xiwen,Zhao Linfeng,Hu Jinfang 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.6

To improve the anti-rollover capacity of a counterbalanced forklift, a two-stage rollover dynamic model is established on the basis of the forklift structure. Stable zones are divided according to the two-stage lateral load transfer rate: stable region, relatively stable region, dangerous zone and abnormal dangerous zone. An anti-rollover layered control strategy based on stable zone partition is proposed, and different anti-rollover control actuators are selected: dynamic balance weight, anti-rollover cylinder and steering cylinder. Anti-rollover controllers consist of the upper stable region identification controller, the middle-level controller based on model predictive control (MPC) and the lower layer executive controller. The upper stable region identification controller performs stable zone recognition based on the two-stage lateral load transfer rate. The middlelevel MPC controller calculates the required control torque with the body’s lateral angle and yaw rate as the control objectives. The lower layer executive controller controls the balance weight, anti-rollover cylinder and the steering cylinder according to the improved chain incremental allocation method to meet the target control torque. Simulation and real vehicle tests based on MATLAB/Simulink show that the anti-rollover control based on stable zone partition can greatly reduce the risk of forklift rollover and improve the forklift safety.

Anti-rollover of the counterbalanced forklift truck based on model predictive control

Guang Xia,Jiacheng Li,Xiwen Tang,Yang Zhang,Jinfang Hu 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.5

To reduce the probability of a rollover accident of a forklift during high-speed steering, a hydraulic support cylinder is designed as an actuator to provide lateral support for the forklift. Aiming at the problem of judging the safety domain in the process of forklift driving, this paper proposes a strategy for dividing the forklift’s driving state on the basis of the zero moment point. The relationship between the zero moment point’s lateral component and the forklift’s support plane is used as the basis for division. The forklift rollover process is divided into a safe stage, a controllable danger stage, and a critical rollover stage. In the safe stage, the cylinder does not provide support force, and in the controllable danger stage, the cylinder support force is adjusted on the basis of the model predictive control algorithm to adjust the forklift. The cylinder can be controlled to provide maximum support for the body during the critical rollover phase. This method takes the three-degrees-of-freedom forklift anti-rollover model as the control object and serves as the basis for the calculation of the zero moment point. The anti-rollover controller is built in MATLAB/Simulink to simulate the European standard operating conditions and to verify the actual vehicle test. Results show that the predictive control of the forklift anti-rollover model based on the zero moment point can effectively improve the body attitude of the forklift during high-speed steering and prevent the forklift from rolling over.

CONTROL STRATEGY FOR SHIFT SCHEDULE CORRECTION BASED ON DRIVING HABITS FOR VEHICLES WITH AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION

Guang Xia,Jun Gao,Xiwen Tang,Shaojie Wang,Baoqun Sun 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.2

A shift schedule modification program is an intelligent system for automatic transmission. This program can adjust shift points to cater to drivers with different driving habits. An important prerequisite in designing a personalized shift schedule is identifying the driving habits of drivers. In this study, we developed an identification algorithm based on wavelet neural network and Bayesian fusion decision-making. First, a system for identifying driving styles was established based on the wavelet neural network. Second, the results were integrated by Bayesian fusion decision-making to obtain the driving habits. Finally, different correction coefficients were selected based on driving habits to satisfy the requirements of drivers. Experimental results show that the driving habits can be accurately identified based on wavelet neural network and Bayesian fusion decision-making, and the correction control strategy can rectify the shift schedule effectively. The correction control strategy satisfies the requirements of different drivers for vehicle performance and enhances the intelligence of automatic transmission.

Study on Anti-Rollover of the Counterbalance Forklift Based on Extension Hierarchical Control

Xia Guang,Li Jiacheng,Tang Xiwen,Zhao Linfeng,Sun Baoqun 한국자동차공학회 2021 International journal of automotive technology Vol.22 No.3

The anti-rollover control actuator of a counterbalance forklift is determined by analysing its structural characteristics and roll-over mechanism. An anti-rollover control strategy for counterbalance forklifts based on extension decision is proposed, and the anti-rollover extension hierarchical controller, including the upper-layer extension and lower-layer execution controls, is designed. The upper-layer extension controller divides the forklift anti-rollover control domain into three types, namely, classical domain, extension domain and non-domain, and determines the weight coefficient of the lower layer execution controller. The lower-layer execution controller receives the weight coefficient determined by the upper-layer extension controller, controls the weight distribution on the yaw rate and lateral acceleration controllers and executes the command to obtain the anti-rollover extension control of the counterbalance forklift. The European standard condition simulation and real vehicle test results show that the anti-rollover control strategy of the counterbalance forklift based on the extension decision can effectively reduce the forklift roll range under high-speed emergency steering conditions, prevent the forklift from rolling over and improve the stability and active safety of the counterbalance forklift.

Center of Gravity Position Estimation of Counterbalanced Forklift Truck Based on Multi Model Data Fusion

Xia Guang,Zhang Chenhao,Tang Xiwen,Zhang Yang,Zhao Linfeng 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.5

The center of gravity of a forklift truck, a crucial parameter for vehicle stability, changes with different loads during operation. We propose an estimation algorithm for the center of gravity position suitable for a counterbalanced forklift truck. By installing sensors on the fork, we use an inclinable platform and propose a static joint center of gravity measurement method. For straight-line driving, we establish a longitudinal dynamics model and propose a nonlinear H∞ estimation algorithm. For steering conditions, we establish a roll dynamics model and propose a forgetting factor recursive least square estimation algorithm. A data fusion algorithm for the forklift truck’s center of gravity position under various working conditions is proposed. The fusion of these estimation results yields the best estimated center of gravity height. We validate the algorithm’s effectiveness using a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform under different working conditions. The experiments demonstrate the algorithm’s fast parameter fitting, wide applicability, and accurate position control within a 5 % error range.

애니메이션 캐릭터에 나타난 민족성의 차이- 한중일 ‘서유기’ 손오공을 예로 -

하광녕(Xia, Guang-ning),한혜진(Han, Hye-jin) 한국조형디자인학회 2018 조형디자인연구 Vol.21 No.4

소설 서유기 는 중국 4대 명작 중 하나이다. 중국과 지리적으로 가까운 한국과 일본에도 ‘서유기’가 널리 알려져 있으나 한국과 일본에서 제작된 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션은 인물 이미지와 줄거리에서 중국 작품과 큰 차이가 있다. 이러한 차이는 한중일의 민족적 특징이 반영되고, 각국의 역사 흐름 속에서 문화가 반영된 결과로 그 나라의 민족성이 애니메이션의 작품에 잘 반영되었는지를 살펴보는 것은 완성도를 판단하는 하나의 기준이 된다. 이러한 점에서 한중일 각각의 민족성이 어떻게 작품에 영향을 미쳤는지 알아보는 것은 의미가 있다 하겠다. 각국의 애니메이션 작품은 각국의 강한 정체성과 사회적 면모를 드러내므로 좋은 비교 소재이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 한중일 각국에서 제작한 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션 속의 손오공 캐릭터의 차이를 분석하고, 그 캐릭터에 드러난 민족적 특징의 차이와 형성 원인을 조사한다. 또한 분석 결과를 통하여 한국과 일본 애니메이션의 성공 요인을 알아보았다. 이를 위해 문헌연구를 통해 중국, 한국, 일본에서의 서유기의 생성 발전과 과정 및 전파와 변이 과정에 대해 살펴보고, 한중일 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션 속에서의 손오공 캐릭터와 민족성의 관계에 대해 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 ‘서유기’ 애니메이션이 한·중·일 3개국에서 개편되면서 큰 변화를 보인 것을 확인할 수 있었는데 이런 현상이 생기는 원인에는 문화 전파의 융합 정도, 종교 요소, 현대 사회 문화의 영향이 있었음을 알 수 있었다. 중국은 자국의 문화와 현대 문화의 결합을 통한 국제 홍보하고 아동 및 성인을 포함한 다양한 연령층을 대상으로 한 애니메이션 개발 및 다양한 애니메이션 파생품을 통한 수익 창출 효과에 힘써야 한다. 나아가 예술적인 스타일과 정신문화적인 민족성을 포함한 애니메이션의 발전에 힘쓴다면 더욱 더 발전된 애니메이션 산업의 국제화를 기대할 수 있다. The novel ‘Journey to the West’ is one of the four greatest masterpieces in China. It is widely known in Korea and Japan, which are geographically close to China. As a result of the cultural characteristics difference among the four countries, animations about ‘Journey to the West’ produced in Korea and Japan are quite different from the ones from China in terms of visual images and plot. Whether the ethnicity of the country is well reflected in the animation work is a criterion to judge the completeness of. Therefore, it is necessary to study how each ethnicity of Korea, China and Japan influenced it’s work. The animation works of each country are good comparative material because they show the strong ethnicity and social aspect of each country. Therefore this paper analyzed differences in the characters of ‘Journey to the West’ which is produced in Korea, China and Japan, and examined differences in ethnic characteristics and causes of formation. Also this study looked at the success factors of Korean and Japanese animation through the analysis results. For this, we examined the development and intergradation and variation of ‘Journey to the West’ in China, Korea, and Japan are explored and relationship between Sonokong character and ethnicity in ‘Journey to the West’ animation between Korea and China are analyzed. The study showed that the animation ‘Journey to the West’ was reorganized in three countries, including Korea, China and Japan. And the causes of this phenomenon were the degree of fusion of cultural propagation, religious elements and the influence of modern social culture. China should promote itself internationally through the combination of its culture and modern culture, develop animations for various age groups, including children and adults, and work to generate revenue through various animated derivatives. Furthermore, if China focuses on the development of animation, including artistic style and spiritual, cultural and ethnicity, we can expect to see an even more advanced animation industry become international.

Celebrity Endorsement Problem on Social Media : Formulation, Analysis and Recommendation Algorithm

Lv Hai-xia,Yu Guang,Wu Gang 보안공학연구지원센터(IJUNESST) 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.1

In this paper, a new matching recommendation algorithm is proposed to help enterprises find one or more proper celebrities from social media for their product endorsement. The fans group of a celebrity, his impaction value in the social media, as well as the matching degree between the celebrity and the product are selected to measure a celebrity. The attribute similarities between target customers of the product and fans of the celebrity are calculated via the Pearson similarity formula. Then, considering the impaction value of the celebrity and the matching degree of the celebrity and the product which can be accessed on the website or usually available from the enterprise, an evaluation index is proposed. We use some data from Sina Micro-blog, which is the most popular social media platform in China, to show the effectiveness of our proposed matching recommendation algorithm. Moreover, the analysis shows that a particular celebrity may suitable to endorse different product on-line and off-line.

Curcumin Analogue A501 induces G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells

Xia, Yi-Qun,Wei, Xiao-Yan,Li, Wu-Lan,Kanchana, Karvannan,Xu, Chao-Chao,Chen, Da-Hui,Chou, Pei-Hong,Jin, Rong,Wu, Jian-Zhang,Liang, Guang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.16

Curcumin and its analogues have been reported to exert anti-cancer activity against a variety of tumors. Here, we reported A501, a new curcumin analogue. The effect of A501 on cell viability was detected by MTT assay, the result showed that A501 had a better inhibiting effect on the four non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells than that of curcumin. Moreover, Colony forming experiment showed A501 significant restrained cell proliferation. Flow cytometry displayed A501 can cause G2/M arrest and induce apoptosis. Western blotting showed that A501 decreased the expression of cyclinB1, cdc-2, bcl-2, while increased the expression of p53, cleaved caspase-3 and bax. In conclusion, curcumin analogues A501 played antitumor activity by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis of NSCLC cells. And it was likely to be a promising starting point for the development of curcumin-based anticancer drugs.

Analysis on Vegetation Restoration and Drifting-Sand Control on Sandy Degraded Grassland in Yanchi

Xia Ling,Zhi Dong,Guang Yang 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

In this paper, by investigating soil, field vegetation, and surface wind erosion status, combining in2 door analysis, the effect of vegetation recovery on sandy degraded grassland in Yanchi is studied. The results show t㏊t : after the process of protective growth, grazing rest and reseeding, the plant species and vegetation coverage are increased, and biomasses are enhanced about 66. 3214, at the same time, the effect of the measure of combining protective growth, grazing rest and reseeding is better t㏊n t㏊t of single protective growth and grazing rest, the formers biomass is 1. 54 times more t㏊n the latter. With the fixing of drifting - sand and the recovering of vegetation in demonstration area, the content s of physical clay minerals, organic matter, total N, available P and available K are all increased compared with those on drifting - sand. The thickness of wind erosion in drifting - sand control area is reduced, and the thickness is different in different vegetation recovering area, in which Artemisia sphaerocephala planting area suffers slight wind erosion; Caragana korshinskii forest present s slightly accumulating status, the accumulating thickness in Tamarix and Salix psammophila forest is the most.