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Charge density wave order in 1D mirror twin boundaries of single-layer MoSe<sub>2</sub>
Barja, Sara,Wickenburg, Sebastian,Liu, Zhen-Fei,Zhang, Yi,Ryu, Hyejin,Ugeda, Miguel ,M.,Hussain, Zahid,Shen, Zhi-Xun,Mo, Sung-Kwan,Wong, Ed,Salmeron, Miquel ,B.,Wang, Feng,Crommie, Michael F. NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP 2016 NATURE PHYSICS Vol.12 No.8
We provide direct evidence for the existence of isolated, one-dimensional charge density waves at mirror twin boundaries (MTBs) of single-layer semiconducting MoSe<SUB>2</SUB>. Such MTBs have been previously observed by transmission electron microscopy and have been predicted to be metallic in MoSe<SUB>2</SUB> and MoS<SUB>2</SUB>. Our low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements revealed a substantial bandgap of 100 meV opening at the Fermi energy in the otherwise metallic one-dimensional structures. We found a periodic modulation in the density of states along the MTB, with a wavelength of approximately three lattice constants. In addition to mapping the energy-dependent density of states, we determined the atomic structure and bonding of the MTB through simultaneous high-resolution non-contact atomic force microscopy. Density functional theory calculations based on the observed structure reproduced both the gap opening and the spatially resolved density of states.