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Therapeutic efficacy of nanomedicines for prostate cancer: An update
Vinoth Kumar Lakshmanan 대한비뇨의학회 2016 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.57 No.1
Recent advances in cancer nanomedicine have attracted remarkable attention in medical sectors. Pharmacologic research on nanomedicines, including targeted cancer therapy, has increased dramatically in the past 5 years. The success stories of nanomedicines in the clinical field include the fabrication of nanomedicines that show maximum loading efficiency into carriers, maximal release kinetics, and minimum toxicity to healthy cells. Nanoparticle-mediated medicines have been developed to specifically target prostate cancer tissue by use of aptamers, antibody targeting, and sustained release of nanomedicines in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Nanomedicines have been developed for therapeutic application in combination with image-guided therapy in real time. The scope of one of these nanomedicines, Abraxane (paclitaxel), may be extended to prostate cancer therapeutic applications for better quality of patient life and longer survival. This review provides an update on the latest directions and developments in nanomedicines for prostate cancer.
Kumar M.Vinoth,Kumar Vinod 대한전자공학회 2022 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.11 No.1
The aim of this research is to investigate the performance of a hybrid fiber-optical (FO) and free-space optical (FSO) communication system to reach the last mile, as well as to propose a technique to overcome atmospheric attenuation. Installing transmission cables between buildings is costly and difficult, but FSO technology can be implemented where fiber-optic cables cannot be installed. This work considers attenuation effects in weather conditions such as haze, thin fog, thick fog, and heavy fog. A single FSO channel (1*1), dual FSO channels (2*2), and four FSO channels (4*4) are cascaded in a fiber optic channel to reach the last mile and to mitigate attenuation in signal transmission over free space. The Q-factor, bit error rate (BER) at the receiver, and eye diagrams were analyzed for all cases. This system is demonstrated up to 3.5km FSO channel range for haze and thin fog conditions and 2.2km and 1.7km range for thick and heavy fog conditions. The system results show improvement in BER as 4.93e-040 for 1*1 FSO channel, 1.07e-078 for 2*2 FSO channel, and 1.28e-154 for 4*4 FSO channel in case of 22dB/km atmospheric attenuation for 1.4km range with minimum power penalty. A data stream of 10 Gbps was transmitted under four attenuation conditions, and the results show that 4*4 FSO channels have a better Q-factor and BER than other systems.
Optimization of cryogenic cooled EDM process parameters using grey relational analysis
Vinoth Kumar. S,Pradeep Kumar. M 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.9
This paper presents an experimental investigation on cryogenic cooling of liquid nitrogen (LN2) copper electrode in the electrical dischargemachining (EDM) process. The optimization of the EDM process parameters, such as the electrode environment (conventionalelectrode and cryogenically cooled electrode in EDM), discharge current, pulse on time, gap voltage on material removal rate, electrodewear, and surface roughness on machining of AlSiCp metal matrix composite using multiple performance characteristics on grey relationalanalysis was investigated. The L18 orthogonal array was utilized to examine the process parameters, and the optimal levels of theprocess parameters were identified through grey relational analysis. Experimental data were analyzed through analysis of variance. Scanningelectron microscopy analysis was conducted to study the characteristics of the machined surface.
Experimental investigation of the process parameters in cryogenic cooled electrode in EDM
Vinoth Kumar. S,Pradeep Kumar. M 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9
Investigations were conducted on the machining of AISI D2 tool steel via Conventional electrical discharge machining (CEDM) andCryogenic cooled electrode in electrical discharge machining (CCEDM). Machining parameters, including discharge current, pulse ontime, and gap voltage, were varied to investigate their effects on machining performance such as on Electrode wear ratio (EWR), surfaceroughness (Ra), microstructure, surface morphology, and elemental composition. Experimental results showed that EWR was reduced by20% in CCEDM compared with in CEDM. Moreover, the Ra in CCEDM decreased by approximately 19% compared with that inCEDM. The results also indicated that the surface morphology of the workpiece machined via CCEDM was better than that of the workpiecemachined via CEDM. Lastly, the damaged layer and microcracks were less in the workpiece machined via CCEDM than those inthe workpiece machined via CEDM.
( Vinoth Kumar ),인수일 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-
Photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> conversion to fuel offers an exciting prospect for solar energy storage and transportation thereof. Several photocatalysts have been employed for CO<sub>2</sub> photoreduction; the challenge of realizing a low-cost, readily synthesized photocorrosion-stable material that absorbs and utilizes a broad portion of the solar light. Herein, a mesoporous p-n heterojunction material, Cu<sub>x</sub>O-TiO<sub>2</sub> (x = 1, 2), is synthesized via annealing of Cu and Ti precursors. Such an experimental approach in which two materials of diverse bandgaps are coupled provides a simultaneous opportunity for greater light absorption and rapid charge separation due to the intrinsic p-n heterojunction nature. The developed photocatalyst demonstrates an improved photocatalytic activity with the CO<sub>2</sub> reduction of our optimal sample (augmented light absorption, efficacious charge separation and mesoporosity) that utilizes no metal cocatalysts, a remarkable CH<sub>4</sub> yield of 221.63 ppm·g<sup>-1</sup>·h<sup>-1</sup> is achieved.
Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar,Rangasamy Gayathri,Chandrasekaran Senthamarai,Muthukumar Priyadharshini,Panimayam Sebastina Anne Fernando,Ramakrishnan Srinath,Vaidyanathan Vinoth Kumar 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.29 No.12
The surface-modified Strychnos potatorum seeds (SMSP) were used as an effective low-cost adsorbent for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solution. SMSP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopic analyses. The effect of operating variables such as solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial cadmium ions concentration and temperature on the removal of cadmium ions were studied in a batch mode adsorption operation. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of cadmium ions onto the SMSP were found to be: pH of 5.0, SMSP dose of 2 g/L, contact time of 30min, temperature of 30 oC for an initial cadmium ions concentration of 100 mg/L. Kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic equations, intraparticle diffusion model, Boyd kinetic model and shrinking core model. The characteristic parameters for each model have been estimated. Adsorption of cadmium ions onto the SMSP follows the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The rate-limiting steps in the adsorption process were found to be external and internal diffusion. Equilibrium data were well described by the Langmuir isotherm model than the Freundlich isotherm model, which yields a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 200 mg/g. Thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were also estimated. The results show that the removal of cadmium ions by the SMSP was found to be spontaneous and exothermic.
Yadav, Anil Kumar,Kumar, Vinoth,Bailey, David Bishop,Jang, Byeong-Churl MDPI 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.20 No.2
<P>Overexpression of Pim kinases has an oncogenic/pro-survival role in many hematological and solid cancers. AZD1208 is a pan-Pim kinase inhibitor that has anti-cancer and anti-adipogenic actions. Here, we investigated the effects of AZD1208 on the growth of 93T449 cells, a differentiated human liposarcoma cell line. At 20 µM, AZD1208 was cytotoxic (cytostatic) but not apoptotic, reducing cell survival without DNA fragmentation, caspase activation or increasing cells in the sub G1 phase; known apoptotic parameters. Notably, AZD1208 reduced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT-3) in 93T449 cells. STAT-3 inhibition by AG490, a JAK2/STAT-3 inhibitor similarly reduced cell survival. AZD1208 down-regulated phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and ribosomal S6 while up-regulated eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF-2α). In addition, AZD1208 induced a LKB-1-independent AMPK activation, which was crucial for its cytostatic effect, as knock-down of AMPK greatly blocked AZD1208s ability to reduce cell survival. AZD1208 had no effect on expression of two members of Pim kinase family (Pim-1 and Pim-3) but inhibited phosphorylation of 4EBP-1, a downstream effector of Pim kinases. Importantly, a central role for Pim-3 in the actions of AZD1208 was confirmed by knock-down, which not only reduced 93T449 cell survival but also led to the inhibition of 4EBP-1, mTOR, eIF-2α and STAT-3, along with the activation of AMPK. In summary, this is the first report demonstrating that AZD1208 inhibits growth of liposarcoma cells and that this activity is mediated through Pim-3 kinase, STAT-3, mTOR, S6 and AMPK expression and phosphorylation pathways.</P>
Mine Operation Management System for a Large Opencast Mine
L. Ajay Kumar,T. Amrith Renaldy,D. Edwin David Raj,S.Vinoth 한국암반공학회 2008 한국암반공학회 학술대회 및 세미나 자료집 Vol.- No.-
An efficient mine management system demand constant attention of mine managers on the key performance indicators like production targets, equipment status, condition of haul roads, safety etc.. There is a wealth of information generated during day to day working of the mine. The success of a mining enterprise is a function of reliability of accumulated information and decision making on the basis of such information. In the present paper a computerized mine operations management system developed for a large opencast mine making use of the potential benefits of geographical information systems, real time kinematic global positioning systems and a communication network to improve the overall efficiency of the mine is presented.