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( Venugopalan vijayalatha ),( Subhash K Tripathi ),( Pradip Nahar ),( P Pardha Saradhi ),( Rakha H Das ),( Hemant K Gautam ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2013 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.23 No.2
Canthaxanthin (cx) is a potent antioxidant that is chemically synthesized at the industrial scale and has imperative applications in the cosmetic and feed industries. An orange pigmented mesophilic bacterium, designated as K44, was isolated from soil samples of Kargil, India. Biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and FAME analysis of the bacterium indicated it to belong in the genus Dietzia and is distinct from human isolates. The strain showed 98% 16S rRNA gene sequence homology with Dietzia maris DSM 43102. High-performance liquid chromatography profile of the pigments isolated from K44 showed two major peaks absorbing at 465.3 and 475 nm. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of both these peaks revealed their m/z to be 564. The molecular weights, LC-MS/MS fragmentation patterns, and λ max of these fractions corresponded to all-trans- (475 nm) and 9-cis-(465.3 nm) cx isomers. The antioxidant activities of cis- and trans-cx isomers isolated from this bacterium were found to differ, where the cis-isomer showed higher free radical, superoxide radical, and reactive oxygen species scavenging activities than the alltrans- isomer, suggesting that 9-cis-cx is more effective as an antioxidant than the all-trans-cx.
Venugopalan Rajesh,Tharayil Riju,Sellamuthu Venkatesh,Ganesan Babu 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2017 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.17 No.2
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the memory enhancing activity of Lawsonia inermis Linn. leaves against scopolamine induced amnesia by elevated plus maze and Y-maze test. The Powdered leaf materials were extracted with 95% ethanol. The dried extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis and free radical scavenging activity. Acute oral toxicity was performed as per OECD guidelines 425. A dose level 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg were selected for pharmacological screening. Swiss albino mice of male sex were divided into ten groups of six animals each. Five groups were subjected to evaluation by elevated plus maze and remaining by Y-maze model. Immediately after evaluation, the whole brain of each animal was subjected to determination of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Extract at dose levels of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg showed a significant increase in inflexion ratio in elevated plus maze and increase in percentage alternation in Y-maze model compared to negative control animals in respective models. A significant decrease in brain AChE and MDA with a significant increase in GSH, CAT and SOD levels were noted in animals treated with extract in both models. The preliminary analysis of extract showed the presence of phenolics, tannins, flavonoids and a potent invitro free radical scavenging activity. These findings suggest that, the memory enhancing effect of Lawsonia inermis leaves might be due to enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission through inhibition of AChE activity and by stabilizing the antioxidant system.
Economic Analysis of Financial Inclusion of Rural Households through Institutional Credit in India
Venugopalan Puhazhendhi 한국협동조합학회 2010 韓國協同組合硏究 Vol.28 No.3
Financial inclusion of rural households to institutional credit system has been recognized as an effective method for ensuring balanced economic progress in developing countries especially in India. A series of initiatives have already been put in operation by government of India for achieving full financial inclusion. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the performance of the financial inclusion on economic perspective and delineated the factors influencing the financial inclusion. The economic impact of financial inclusion from both borrowers and lenders perspectives were analyzed in this paper based on secondary data available from different published sources. The analysis was established the positive impact of financial inclusion. Initiatives on micro finance, improvement in infrastructure relating to banking, spread of bank branches and education level were identified as the major determinants of financial inclusion.
Thangamani Rajkumar,Venugopalan Rajasudha,Arunjunai Raj Mahendran,Chinnaswamy Thangavel Vijayaku 한국고분자학회 2021 폴리머 Vol.45 No.4
Polyurethanes (PUs) were prepared from solvent and catalyst free reaction mixture containing polyethylene glycol (PEG), 4,4’-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,3-bis(2-hydroxyethoxy) benzene (HER) and/or castor oil (CAO). PUs were characterized using the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) spectroscopic methods. Thermal studies on PUs using differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with FTIR (TG/FTIR) proved that CAO-extended PUs were thermally more stable than HER extended PUs. The partial and complete replacement of HER content in PUs using CAO enhanced the thermal stability by shifting degradation temperature to higher temperature (5-15 ℃) and enhancing the char residue. The parameters derived from DSC traces, thermogram and differential thermogram confirmed that PUs synthesized using PEG 1500 are thermally more stable than the PUs prepared using PEG 4000. The probable degradation mechanism to study the role of β-hydrogen on the thermal stability was proposed and discussed based on the results of TG/FTIR.
Integrative Strategy with Ayurveda and Electro-Acupuncture in Hemifacial Spasm: a Case Report
Bhat Akshatha K,kumar Venugopalan Krishna,Johnson Jim Daniel 사단법인약침학회 2023 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.16 No.2
We report a primary hemifacial spasm that started four years ago with sudden twitching of the face towards the right side. It was diagnosed as a hemifacial spasm by a neurologist and prescribed with Zeptol 100 mg 0.5 tablet BID for two weeks, followed by two sittings of Botox injection in a gap of 1 year. A year later, it reappeared more severely, driving her towards an integrative treatment modality. Ayurveda treatments including Nasya, Ksheera dhooma, internal medications, and Rasona navaneetha prayoga were administered. GV20, GB14, EX-HN5, ST3, ST4, ST6, TE17, LI4, and GB34 were selected for electroacupuncture. The scores of hemifacial spasm grading and quality of life scale were 9 and 20 (before), 6 and 16 (after treatment), and 4 and 10 (follow-up after six months), respectively. This integrative approach was safe and has shown an improvement in hemifacial spasm.
( D. Suresh Kumar ),( Venugopalan Puhazhendhi ) 한국축산경영학회,농업정책학회(구 한국축산경영학회) 2011 농업경영정책연구 Vol.38 No.3
Recognizing the need for improving productivity, especially in rainfed agriculture and also to ensure effective natural resource management in rural India, Self Help Groups (SHGs) of women (Informal groups) in rural households have been developed as the basic institutional arrangement and implemented across the country. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the impact of such informal group arrangements in terms of socio-economic considerations between participating and non-participating member households. Primary data collected from 750 households equally representing both participating and non- participating in SHG in southern India formed the basis for the analysis. The results of the study quantified that the public policies geared towards increasing women`s participation in SHGs under watershed development programs generate substantial income. The participation in SHGs has had a positive impact on household income, asset creation and employment generation. The study findings emphasized the need for the participation of SHGs in the watershed development programs for achieving maximum benefit especially in developing countries.