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Occurrence of Bemisia tabaci and its vectored virus in Korea
Minho Lee,Ki-Baik Uhm,Sunyoung Lee,Heeyong Park,Murad Ghanim 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
Nationwide occurrence of Bemisia tabaci Q biotype was identified from 2005 May to 2007 Dec. in total 28 cities/counties of 9 provinces such as Goyang (Kyung-gi), Gangnung (Gang-won), Jincheon (Chung-buk), Buyeo (Chung-nam), Seongju (Kyung-buk), Geoje (Kyung-nam), Bukjeju (Jeju). Host plants of the scale of B. tabaci Q biotype were over 15 crops of tomato, sweet pepper, hot pepper, eggplant, etc. and total 12 species of weeds such as Veronica persica, Ipomoea lacunosa, Conyza sumatrensis, I. hederacea, Xanthium canadense, Humulus japonicus, Boehmeria nivea, Artemisia vulgaris, Paederia scandens, Acalypha austeralis, Brassica juncea, Rumex crispus. For molecular identifying Bemisia tabaci B and Q biotypes, and Trialeurodes vaporariorum, for which it is difficult to distinguish morphologically, sequences of mitochondrial 16S rDNA and CO I (Cytochromoxidase I) gene were analyzed and restriction enzymes were selected for biotypespecific cleaved bands. As the results, Hinf I for 16S rDNA and Vsp I for CO I gene made specific band patterns for the B and Q biotypes in gel electrophoresis. Thus these methods were able to identify those biotypes and species without DNA sequence analysis. Populations of the Q biotype were collected in each regions of Korea from 2005 to 2007, and they were genetically compared using CO I gene sequences. Thus the populations were divided by three different groups which were introduced over 3-4 times before 2007 from different population sources. Geoje and Jeju were suggested as the first regions of introduction. Especially the populations in the first introduced regions were highly homologous with the Q biotype of Japan. In addition, infection pattern of secondary symbionts in populations of the B and Q biotypes in Korea were different from the Israeli populations. Thus it is suggested that Japan is the main source of B. tabaci Q biotype introduced to Korea. In addition, populations of the both of B and Q biotype in Korea were infected by Haemiltonella, which is more effectively related to the transmission of tomato yellow leaf curl begomovirus (TYLCV). Therefore it is needed to monitor continuously if the outbreak of begomovirus vectored by B. tabaci. In this molecular phylogenetic analysis, it was shown that the population of B. tabaci Q biotype in weed plants near greenhouse was introduced to crop plants in greenhouse. Therefore we understand that weed control is important to inhibit recurrence of B. tabaci in greenhouse. Three species of begomovirus, sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV), tobacco leaf curl virus (TLCV), and TYLCV, were reported after introduction of B. tabaci in Korea. Especially Korean government removed all plants in the first TYLCV-occurred greenhouse in 2008. Multiplex PCR diagnosis between TLCV and TYLCV was developed for the more rapid and accurate monitoring. TLCV and TYLCV strains occurred in Korea were highly homologous with strains of Japan. Therefore these results support our suggestion that Japan is the main source of B. tabaci Q biotype introduced to Korea.
Kijong Cho,Uhm, Ki Baik,Lee, Jeang Oon Korean Society of Applied Entomology 1999 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.2 No.1
Effects of the kind of test leaf and temperature on leaf dip bioassay to the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), were examined with nine different insecticides. For the test of different leaves, cucumber, pepper and potato leaves were evaluated. The test leaves significantly influenced thrips mortalities on leaf dip bioassay. Generally the mortalities on pepper leaf were higher than on cucumber leaf or filter paper. Temperature effects the mortalities on pepper leaf were higher than on cucumber leaf or filter paper. Temperature effects were determined at 15, 20, 25 and 3$0^{\circ}C$. Regardless of the test leaf, the mortality was increased with increasing temperature except for the case of imidacloprid. Local variations in mortality of F. occidentalis populations were not observed in this study.
Hong-Hyun Park,이준호,Ki-Baik Uhm 한국응용곤충학회 2007 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.10 No.1
This study was conducted to develop economic thresholds of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande) for unripe red pepper in greenhouses. To investigate the relationship between the density of thrips and resulting damages, experimental plots with five treatments (0, 4, 16, 48, 96 adults per plot) as initial release densities were established at the National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Suwon, Korea, in 2004. Western flower thrips density was monitored using flower samplings and yellow sticky trap (8×13 cm) counts. Western flower thrips density was directly related to increased numbers of damaged fruits and reduced fruit yield. The number of marketable fruits produced decreased as the thrips densities increased. The major damage to pepper fruits caused by thrips was cosmetic scars that resulted from immature feeding. When flower samples or yellow trap caches were used to determine the density of thrips, which were collected on a previous sampling date, thrips densities were determined to be related to the percentage of fruits that were damaged, and a significant relationship was found for the flower samples (y=0.3219x+1.0792, r2=0.8640 and for trap catches (y= 11.9209log(x)-2.158, r2=0.8306). The economically- tolerable ratio of damaged fruits based on control cost and market values under current greenhouse cultivation was estimated as 3.4 to 8.0%. Economic thresholds of western flower thrips ranged from 0.7 to 2.1 adults or nymphs per flower, and 2.3 to 5.7 adults per four- day sticky card count.
Soon-Il Kim,Ki-Baik Uhm,Da-Yong Jin,Hyung-Man Park 한국응용곤충학회 2018 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.10
2017년에 이어 2018년에도 경기도, 강원도 북부 8개 군과 한반도 북방 유사지역인 연길과 단동에서 벼, 옥수수, 콩, 감자, 맥류포장에 발생하는 주요해충을 조사하였다. 국내 북부지역의 벼에서는 벼물바구미 등 4종, 옥수수에서는 조명나방과 멸강나방, 콩에서는 진딧물 등 7종(콩나방은 연천의 1개 포장만), 감자와 밀에서는 진딧물이 발생하였다. 북방 유사지역에서의 해충 발생은 국내 북부지역과 유사하였으며 벼에서는 이화명나방, 콩에서는 잎벌레류와 들명나방, 감자에서는 가류이류와 큰28점박이무당벌레, 밀에서는 진딧물과 멸강나방이 발생하였다. 단동에서 이화명나방, 조명나방, 담배거세미나방, 톱다리개미허리노린재 등이 페로몬 트랩에 의한 유살수가 많았고, 콩나방은 적은 량이 유살되었다. 유효적산온도를 이용하여 벼멸구, 흰등멸구의 발생세대를 추정한 결과, 벼멸구는 7월 상순 비래 후 2세대 성충이 서해안에서는 9월 중순, 동해안에서는 9월말에 나오는 것으로 계산되었으나 그 외 북부지역에서는 발생하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 벼멸구 비래량이 평년 수준일 경우 고사피해는 나오지 않을 것으로 추정되었다. 흰등멸구는 서해안과 동해안에서는 3세대, 내륙에서는 1-2세대를 경과하는 것으로 추정되었다.
진주지방(晉州地方)에 있어서 끝동매미충 개체군(個體群)의 연중발생경과(年中發生經過)
엄기백,이문홍,최궨문,박중수,UHM, KI-BAIK,LEE, MOO-HONG,Choi, Kui-Moon,PARK, JOONG-SOO 한국응용곤충학회 1986 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.24 No.4
끝동매미충의 월동후부터 본답말기 까지의 밀도를 조사(調査)하여 발육경과(發育經過), 우화시기(羽化時期), 암성충의 성숙율등(成熟率等)을 조사(調査)하였다. 1. 끝동매미충은 주로 4령충으로 휴반잡초(雜草)에서 월동(越冬)하며 발육(發育)이 시작되면서 휴한답(독새풀)으로 이동(移動)하였다. 2. 월동성충(越冬成蟲)의 50%우화일(羽化日)은 '77년(年)이 4월(月) 8일(日) '78년(年)이 3월(月) 30일(日)이었다. 3. 월동성충(越冬成蟲)의 산란(産卵)은 4월(月) 하순(下旬)부터 5(月) 상순(上旬) 사이에 가장 많이 되었다. 4. 제1세대(第1世代) 성충(成蟲) 50% 우화일(羽化日)은 '77년(年)이 6월(月) 11일(日) '78년(年)이 6월(月) 10일(日)로 차이(差異)가 없었다. 5. 본답(本畓)에서는 2세대(世代)를 경과(經過)하였으며 연도간(年度間) 큰차(差)없이 안정(安定)되어 있었다. 6. 머리파리류(類)에 의한 기생율(寄生率)은 7월중순(月中旬)부터 8월중순(月中旬)사이에 가장 높았다. This study was carried out to investigate the seasonal occurrence of Green Rice Leafhopper(GLH), Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler population in the field at Jinju in $1977{\sim}1978$. GLH density was observed by suction catcher (D-Vac, 33cm in diameter) for overwintering population and by direct visual counting for paddy field population. GLH overwintered mainly as 4th-instar nymph in the levee and moved to the foxtail growing in the paddy with development after winter. The mean emergence date of adults, of the overwintered generation was on April 8 in 1977 and March 30 in 1978, and that of 1st generation was on June 11 in 1977 and June 10 in 1978. Adults of overwintered generation oviposited in foxtail from late April to early May. GLH occurred two generations in the paddy field and the population size in the paddy field was not greatly changed in two years.