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Design Study of Superconducting Transmission Line Magnet for J-PARC MR Upgrade
Ogitsu, Toru,Konaka, Akira,Tomizawa, Masahito,Muto, Ryotaro,Tanaka, Kenichi,Okada, Ryutaro,Taekyung Ki,Dhakarwal, Mukesh IEEE 2017 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.27 No.4
<P>In order to enhance the beam efficiency of the J-PARC main ring, installation of a new ring is being considered. The new ring, which can accommodate up to 30-GeV proton beam, enables to operate the fast and slow extractions simultaneously with the maximum throughput. Use of superconducting transmission line magnets is proposed as bending magnets for the new ring. Design study of the magnets has started. This paper reports on the brief concept of the new ring, requirements to the magnets, and the status of the design study.</P>
Extremely-slow, half-number shockwave lithotripsy for asymptomatic renal stones <20 mm
Katsuhiro Ito,Toshifumi Takahashi,Toru Kanno,Takashi Okada,Yoshihito Higashi,Hitoshi Yamada 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.1
Purpose: To compare the treatment success rate and safety of reduced (30 shocks/min, 1,200 shocks/session) versus standard (60 shocks/min, 2,400 shocks/session) extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for the management of renal stones. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 404 patients who underwent extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy for 5–20-mm renal stones between April 2011 and March 2019. Patients selected the reduced or standard protocol (group R and S) after explaining the potential benefits and disadvantages. The primary outcome was treatment success within 12 weeks, which was defined as no residual fragment or fragments <4 mm on ultrasonography and plain radiograph. Results: In total, 94 and 310 patients underwent shockwave lithotripsy with a reduced and standard protocol, respectively. The background characteristics of the participants did not significantly differ. The treatment success within 12 weeks was achieved in 78 (83.0%) patients in group R and 259 (83.5%) in group S (p=0.88). The median number of the session was 3 (interquartile range, 2–4) in both groups (p=0.53). The total complication rates were 5.4% in group R and 6.1% in group S. Three (1.0%) patients in group S experienced perirenal hematoma, which was conservatively treated. The reduced protocol was not associated with treatment success in the multivariate analysis adjusted for potential confounders (odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.46–1.80; p=0.78). Conclusions: The new treatment amendment with a slower delivery rate successfully reduced the total number of shocks need to fragment renal stones <20 mm without compromising the stone-free rate.
Kazuki Sugimoto,Takayuki Nakamura,Takuya Tokunaga,Yusuke Uehara,Tatsuya Okada,Takuya Taniwaki,Toru Fujimoto,Yuichi Oike,Eiichi Nakamura 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.3
Study Design: Experimental human study. Purpose: To determine whether angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) is highly expressed in the hyperplastic facet joint (FJ) synovium and whether it activates interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in FJ synoviocytes. Overview of Literature: Mechanical stress-induced synovitis is partially, but significantly, responsible for degenerative and subsequently osteoarthritic changes in the FJ tissues in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. IL-6 is highly expressed in degenerative FJ synovial tissue and is responsible for local chronic inflammation. ANGPTL2, an inflammatory and mechanically induced mediator, promotes the expression of IL-6 in many cells. Methods: FJ tissues were harvested from five patients who had undergone lumbar surgery. Immunohistochemistry for ANGPTL2, IL-6, and cell markers was performed in the FJ tissue samples. After cultured synoviocytes from the FJ tissues were subjected to mechanical stress, ANGPTL2 expression and secretion were measured quantitatively using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription–polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Following ANGPTL2 administration in the FJ synoviocytes, anti-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation was investigated using immunocytochemistry, and IL-6 expression and secretion were assayed quantitatively with or without NF-κB inhibitor. Moreover, we assessed whether ANGPTL2-induced IL-6 modulates leucocyte recruitment in the degenerative process by focusing on the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression. Results: ANGPTL2 and IL-6 were highly expressed in the hyperplastic FJ synovium samples. ANGPTL2 was co-expressed in both, fibroblast-like and macrophage-like synoviocytes. Further, the expression and secretion of ANGPTL2 in the FJ synoviocytes increased in response to stimulation by mechanical stretching. ANGPTL2 protein promoted the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and induced IL-6 expression and secretion in the FJ synoviocytes. This effect was reversed following treatment with NF-κB inhibitor. Furthermore, ANGPTL2-induced IL-6 upregulated the MCP-1 expression in the FJ synoviocytes. Conclusions: Mechanical stress-induced ANGPTL2 promotes chronic inflammation in the FJ synovium by activating IL-6 secretion, leading to FJ degeneration and subsequent LSS.