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Akinyosoye Solomon Tayo 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.5
Extra-early-quality protein maize with short maturity period has potential of alleviating protein deficiency and fostering food security among vulnerable people in sub-Saharan Africa. GGE biplot analysis was used to assess forty-five extra-early-quality protein maize hybrids to identify high-yielding and most stable hybrid across environments. The forty-five extra-early-quality protein maize hybrids and two commercial checks were evaluated at three locations (Ibadan, Ile-Ife and Kishi) for two years under rain-fed conditions, making six environments in humid agro-ecologies of Nigeria. Data were collected on grain yield and other agronomic traits, and were subjected to analysis of variance. The results obtained showed that that coefficient of variation ranged from 3.1% (days to anthesis) to 45.6% (grain yield) across locations. The grain yield (kg ha−1) ranged from 1064.72 (Ibadan) to 2175.03 (Kishi), while days to anthesis and days to silking varied from 49.38 and 52.99 (Kishi) to 52.15 and 56.83 (Ibadan), respectively. Genotype, environment and genotype × environment interaction had significant effect on grain yield, where genotype, environment and genotype × environment accounted for 67.0%, 32.6%, 0.12%, respectively of the total variation. This suggests that grain yield of the extra-early-quality protein maize hybrids evaluated was mainly under genetic effect than environmental influence. GGE biplot analysis revealed that hybrid TZEEQI 9 × TZEEQI 16 was adjudged as the most stable and high yielding across locations (ideal genotype), while Ibadan was regarded as ideal environment to discriminate stable hybrids. Therefore, hybrid TZEEQI 9 × TZEEQI 16 can further be tested in multi-locations before recommendation to the farmers in southwestern Nigeria.
Tang, S.X.,Tayo, G.O.,Tan, Z.L.,Sun, Z.H.,Wang, M.,Ren, G.P.,Han, X.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2008 Animal Bioscience Vol.21 No.9
Measurement of gas produced during in vitro fermentation was used to investigate the fermentation characteristics and interactions of rice straw, wheat straw or maize stover mixed with alfalfa or clover at proportions of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100, respectively. Cumulative gas production was recorded at 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24 and 48 h of incubation, and the Gompertz function was used to describe the kinetics of gas production. In vitro dry matter and organic matter disappearances (IVDMD and IVOMD) were determined after 48 h incubation. The rate of gas production of clover was higher (p<0.05) than that of rice straw, wheat straw, maize stover and alfalfa when straws and hays were incubated separately. Increasing the proportion of alfalfa in the straw-alfalfa mixtures increased (p<0.05) the rates, but not the maximum volume of gas production. However, both rate and the maximum volume of gas production were increased (p<0.01) as the proportions of clover increased in the straw-clover mixtures. The cumulative gas production at 48 h, IVDMD and IVOMD showed no consistent interaction effects between different mixtures of cereal straws and hays. The extent of interactive effects was affected by the types of cereal straw, legume hay and their proportions in the mixture. The appropriate combination for the mixture of rice straw or maize stover with leguminous hays was 75:25 and 25:75, respectively. The better combination occurred at a proportion of 50:50 for the mixture of wheat straw and alfalfa. We conclude that the suitable proportion of low-quality straw and high quality legume hay combination should be considered in the ration formulation system of ruminants according to the extent of positive interactive effects.
( Dzelamonyuy Aristide ),( Tene Tayo Paul Martial ),( Ngotcho Ngassam Esther Ruth ),( Lele Brenda Grace ),( Foka Tatiekam Ebenezer ),( Magni Pacha Tatiana Flore ),( Boudjeko Thaddee ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.2
In the present study we evaluated the efficacy of a bioformulation of Streptomyces cameroonensis for control of black pod disease in cocoa and enhancement of seedling growth. The formulation developed using talc powder and cassava starch as carriers showed high shelf-life of 1.07 × 106 CFU/g after six months storage at 4°C. The formulation was tested for inhibition of spore germination in Phytophthora megakarya and showed 100% inhibition at 10% (w/v) of formulation. To determine the efficacy of the formulation, we performed an in planta assay in the greenhouse on two hybrids of cocoa seedlings, the tolerant SNK413 × ( ) T79/467 and the susceptible UPA 134× ( ) SCA 12. Detached leaf assay showed a significant reduction in the disease severity index of about 67% for the tolerant hybrid and 55% for the susceptible hybrid compared to non-treated plants. A significant enhancement in stem length, leaf surface area and root weight was observed. Analysis of biochemical markers of defense showed a significant increase in total polyphenol, flavonoid, and total protein contents. There was also significant upregulation of PR-proteins such as chitinases, peroxidases and β-1, 3-glucanases following treatment of both tolerant and susceptible hybrids, though with a higher level of synthesis in the tolerant hybrids. A significant increase was also observed in polyphenol oxidase activities in plants treated with the formulation. This work demonstrated the stability and effectiveness of the S. cameroonensis powder formulation in suppressing black pod disease in cocoa and subsequently enhancing the growth of seedlings.