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Environmental Control of Chemical Composition of the Secondary Hydroxyapatite from Japan
Kashima, Naruhiko,Tazaki, Kazue,Fyfe, W.S. The Speleological Society 1998 Journal of the speleological society of korea Vol.8 No.2
The mineral hydroxyapatite is very common species in secondary phosphates originating from guanos(HILL et at., 1997). Several mineralogical analyses of spelean hydroxyapatite exist(e.g., KASHIMA, 1968, 1979 ; MAKI et at., 1977 ; SUH et at., 1978 ; WANG, 1982 a, b), whereas detailedeochemical composition of secondary hydroxy apatites has not been reported in Japan.(omitted)
N. P. Fadeeva,I. P. Bezverbnaja,Kazue Tazaki,Hiroaki Watanabe,V. I. Fadeev 한국해양과학기술원 2003 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.25 No.1
Seasonal fluctuations of physico-chemical and biological aspects of the environment were studied in Vladivostok harbour (Golden Horn Bay, the East Sea/Sea of Japan). The benthic community structure was described with a focus on size-spectra (bacteria, meio- and macrofauna) related with the chemical environment and chemical fluxes in sediment and to reveal their possible ecological role in the process of bioremediation of the environment. Samples from two sites with different concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Cr, Ni Cd, Co) and petroleum hydrocarbon were assessed by a number of methods. These included plate counts of culturable bacteria, observation through a scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These approaches were complemented with microscopic assessments of the diversity of the benthic community. The specific communities had a limited number of species, tolerant to abnormally high levels of toxic compounds. The dominant species were presented by several short-lived small polychaetes (Capitella capitata) and nematodes (Oncholaimium ramosum). The highest population density was recorded in microbenthos, in various diatoms, various physiological groups of bacteria which participate in biomineralization: marine heterotrophic bacteria, which oxidized oil, black oil in addition to groups resistant to heavy metals. They have the entire set of mechanisms for neutralizing the negative effect of those compounds, forming the detrital food web and biogeochemical circulation of material in sediments, which results in the biological self-recycling of sea basins. Macro- and meiobenthic organisms were more sensitive to a greater extent of H2S and petroleum hydrocarbons than to metal content, but the within-site rankings were the same as those achieved for microbiological analyses.
Fadeeva, N.P.,Bezverbnaja, I.P.,Tazaki, Kazue,Watanabe, Hiroaki,Fadeev, V.I. Korea Institute of Ocean ScienceTechnology 2003 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.25 No.1
Seasonal fluctuations of physico-chemical and biological aspects of the environment were studied in Vladivostok harbour (Golden Horn Bay, the East Sea/Sea of Japan). The benthic community structure was described with a focus on size-spectra (bacteria, meio- and macrofauna) related with the chemical environment and chemical fluxes in sediment and to reveal their possible ecological role in the process of bioremediation of the environment. Samples from two sites with different concentrations of heavy metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Cr, Ni Cd, Co) and petroleum hydrocarbon were assessed by a number of methods. These included plate counts of culturable bacteria, observation through a scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). These approaches were complemented with microscopic assessments of the diversity of the benthic community. The specific communities had a limited number of species, tolerant to abnormally high levels of toxic compounds. The dominant species were presented by several sho.1-lived small polychaetes (Capitella capitata) and nematodes (Oncholaimium ramosum). The highest population density was recorded in microbenthos, in various diatoms, various physiological groups of bacteria which participate in biomineralization: marine heterotrophic bacteria, which oxidized oil, black oil in addition to groups resistant to heavy metals. They have the entire set of mechanisms for neutralizing the negative effect of those compounds, forming the detrital food web and biogeochemical circulation of material in sediments, which results in the biological self-recycling of sea basins. Macro- and meiobenthic organisms were more sensitive to a greater extent of $H_2S$ and petroleum hydrocarbons than to metal content, but the within-site rankings were the same as those achieved for microbiological analyses.
( Masaru Murata ),( Toshiyuki Akazawa ),( Junichi Hino ),( Junichi Tazaki ),( Katsutoshi Ito ),( Makoto Arisue ),( Maxillofacial Surgery ) 조선대학교 치의학연구원 2011 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.35 No.1
The aim of this study was to evaluate the hard tissue-inductive capability by human decalcified dentin matrix (DDM) with or without recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Human teeth were crushed, completely decalcified and freeze-dried. We named the material DDM. The shape of DDM was a particle type and its size varied from 0.4 to 0.8 mm. The hard tissue induction by 70 mg of DDM was estimated histologically in the nude mice subcutaneous tissue at 4 weeks after implantation. The DDM alone induced bone and cartilage, independently, in the back skin. In addition, the time-course of bone induction by BMP-2 (5.0 μg)/DDM (70 mg) was analyzed in the rat subcutaneous tissues. Histological findings showed that the BMP-2/DDM induced bone and marrow between the DDM particles. Calcium content in the BMP-2/DDMinduced tissue was compatible to the histological findings. The morphometric analysis demonstrated that the BMP-2/DDM showed 66.9%, 79.0% in the volume of bone and marrow, and 32.4%, 21.0% in that of DDM at 8, 32 weeks, respectively. These results indicate that human DDM particles are osteo-chondroinductive and absorbable matrics. Human DDM are effective biomaterials of BMP-2 delivering for bone engineering.
( J. J. Kim ),( C. O. Choo ),( S. J. Kim ),( K. Tazaki ) 한국광물학회 2001 한국광물학회.한국암석학회 공동학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2001 No.-
The seasonal changes in pH, Fe, Al and sol contents of acid drainage released from coal mine dumps play a major role in precipitation of metal hydroxides in the Taebaek coal field area, southeastern Korea. Precipitates in the creeks underwent a cycle of the color change showing white, reddish brown and brownish yellow, which depends on geochemical factors of the creek waters. White precipitates consist of AI-sulfate (basaluminite and hydrobasaluminite) and reddish brown ones are composed of ferrihydrite and brownish yellow ones are of schwertmannite. Goethite coprecipitates with ferrihydrite and schwertmannite. Ferrihydrite formed at higher values than pH 5.3 and schwertmannite precipitated below pH 4.3, and goethite formed at the intermediate pH range between the two minerals. With the pH being increased from acid to intermediate regions, Fe is present both as schwertmannite and goethite. From the present observation, the most favorable pH that basauluminte can precipitate is in the range of pH 4.45-5.95. SEM examination of precipitates at stream bottom shows that they basically consist of agglomerates of spheroid and rod-shape bacteria. Bacteria species are remarkably different among bottom precipitates and, to a less extent, there are slightly different chemical compositions even within the same bacteria. The speciation and calculation of the mineral saturation index were made using MINTEQA2. In waters associated with yellowish brown precipitates mainly composed of schwertmannite, S04 species is mostly free sol ion with less AISO/, CaS04(aq), and MgS04(aq). Ferrous iron is present mostly as free Fez+, and FeS04(aq) and ferric iron exists predominantly as Fe (OH)z+, with less FeS04(aq), Fe(OH)z``, FeS04`` and Fe3+, respectively. Al exists as free Ae+, AIOHz``, (AIS04t, and AI(S04)z,. Fe is generally saturated with respect to hematite, magnetite, and goethite, with nearly saturation with lepidocrocite. Aluminum and sulfate are supersaturated with respect to predominant alunite and less jubanite, and they approach a saturation state with respect to diaspore, gibbsite, boehmite and gypsum. In the case of waters associated with whitish precipitates mainly composed of basaluminite, Al is present as predominant Ae+ and Al(S04f, with less Al(0H)2+, Al(OH)/ and Al(S04)2-. According to calculation for the mineral saturation, aluminum and sulfate are greatly supersaturated with respect to basaluminite and alunite. Diaspore is fairly well supersaturated while jubanite, gibbsite, and boehmite are already supersaturated, and gypsum approaches its saturation state. The observation that the only mineral phase we can easily detect in the whitish precipitate is basaluminite suggests that growth rate of alunite is much slower than that of basaluminite. Neutralization of acid mine drainage due to the dilution caused by the dilution effect due to mixing of unpolluted waters prevails over the buffering effect by the dissolution of carbonate or aluminosilicates. The main factors to affect color change are variations in aqueous geochemistry, which are controlled by dilution effect due to rainfall, water mixing from adjacent creeks, and the extent to which water-rock interaction takes place with seasons. pH, Fe, Al and S04 contents of the creek water are the most important factors leading to color changes in the precipitates. A geochemical cycle showing color variations in the precipitates provides the potential control on acid mine drainage and can be applied as a reclamation tool in a temperate region with four seasons.