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Sharma, A.,Varshney, M.,Ha, T.K.,Chae, K.H.,Shin, H.J. Elsevier 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.10
We report detailed investigations on the electronic structure and photocatalyst application of CuO and Cu<SUB>0.9</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.1</SUB>O nanoparticles (NPs). The NPs were prepared by co-precipitation method and subsequent annealing. Crystal structure and morphology of the NPs were investigated by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and high resolution transmission electron microscope, respectively. The local atomic structure around the Cu atoms was investigated by the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) at the Cu K-edge. Electronic structure determination was done using near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) at the O K-edge, Cu L-edge, Cu K-edge and Ti L-edge. From the structural and electronic structure investigations, it is inferred that the Ti substitutes the Cu in CuO lattice without forming any secondary phases and the valence state of Cu is not affected by the Ti substitution; however the Cu - O bond length is found to be shorten in the Ti doped sample. As prepared NPs exhibit excellent photocatalyst application toward the degradation of methyl orange (MO) and potassium dichromate (PD) pollutant dyes under the visible light irradiation. The mechanism of the photodegradation of MO and PD pollutants, by the smaller sized CuO and larger sized Cu<SUB>0.9</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.1</SUB>O NPs, is briefly discussed.
Varshney, M.,Sharma, A.,Shin, H.J.,Lee, H.H.,Jeon, T.Y.,Lee, B.H.,Chae, K.H.,Won, S.O. Pergamon Press 2017 The Journal of physics and chemistry of solids Vol.110 No.-
Carbon-supported Pt and PtNi nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a borohydride reduction method. Structural properties were studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the size/shape of the NPs was determined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). X-ray absorption spectroscopy with its two amendments; X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), has been employed to investigate the local electronic/atomic structure surrounding the Pt and Ni atoms. XANES results, at Pt L<SUB>3</SUB>-edge and Ni K-edge, have shown fractional oxidation of Pt and Ni atoms. The Pt3Ni1NPs have exhibited a lower bond distance of Pt-Ni shell and higher coordination number of Pt-Ni shells, indicating the alloy formation between Pt and Ni. We further have demonstrated that the Pt and PtNi NPs can serve as effective photocatalysts towards the degradation of water pollutant dye (methyl orange (MO)). By considering the interband charge-transfer of Pt (5d →6sp), a tentative mechanism is proposed to understand the photocatalytic degradation of MO dye molecules by Pt/PtNi NPs under the light irradiation.
Interaction study of molten uranium with multilayer SiC/Y2O3 and Mo/Y2O3 coated graphite
Sharma S.K.,Saify M.T.,Majumdar Sanjib,Mollick Palash K. 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.5
Graphite crucibles are used for melting uranium and its alloys in VIM furnace. Various coating materials namely Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO etc. are applied on the inner surface of the crucibles using paint brush or thermal spray technique to mitigate U-C interaction. These leads to significant amount of carbon pick-up in uranium. In this study, the attempts are made to develop multilayer coatings comprising of SiC/Y2O3 and Mo/Y2O3 on graphite to study the feasibility of minimizing U-C interaction. The parameters are optimized to prepare SiC coating of about 70mm thickness using CVD technique on graphite coupons and subsequently Y2O3 coating of about 250mm thickness using plasma spray technique. Molybdenum and Y2O3 layers were deposited using plasma spray technique with 70mm and 250mm thickness, respectively. Interaction studies of the coated graphite with molten uranium at 1450C for 20 min revealed that Y2O3 coating with SiC interlayer provides physical barrier for uranium-graphite interaction, however, this led to the physical separation of coating layer. Y2O3 coating with Mo interlayer provided superior barrier effect showing no degradation and the coatings remained intact after interaction tests. Therefore, the Mo/Y2O3 coating was found to be a promising solution for minimizing carbon pick-up during uranium/ uranium alloy melting
Breast cancer metastasis: Putative therapeutic role of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
Sharma, R.,Sharma, R.,Khaket, T. P.,Dutta, C.,Chakraborty, B.,Mukherjee, T. K. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 CELLULAR ONCOLOGY Vol.40 No.3
<P>Conclusions This study focuses on recent progress on the role of VCAM-1, an important glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell surface adhesion molecules in breast cancer angiogenesis, survival and metastasis. Targeting VCAM-1, expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells, and/or its specific ligand VLA-4/alpha 4 beta 1 integrin, expressed on cells at the site of metastasis, may be a useful strategy to reduce breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Various approaches to therapeutically target VCAM-1 and VLA-4 are also discussed.</P>
Sharma, M.C.,Joshi, Chinmay,Sarkar, T.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.9
To record the prevalence of macro-minerals deficiency in buffaloes, a survey was conducted in certain parts of Northern India. The prevalence of soil Ca, P, Mg, Na, P and K deficiency was 21.35%, 23.30%, 28.64%, 3.61% and 6.84%, respectively while that of fodder Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency was 13.88%, 16.55%, 19.72%, 3.54% and 4.86%, respectively. The overall prevalence of serum (buffalo) Ca, P, Mg, Na and K deficiency in certain parts of northern India was 25.48%, 24.66%, 24.36%, 4.42% and 3.28%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of Ca, P, Mg, Na and K in soil, fodder and serum was significant and in most of the cases the values were above 0.6. The highest deficiency of macro-minerals i.e. Ca, P, Mg, Na and K was found in plain regions, followed by Tarai (foot hill of Himalayas) region and finally the hilly region. For therapeutic studies, three types of mineral mixture were prepared according to deficiency obtained and fed to three groups of deficient animals. Observations were recorded on 0, 30, 60 and 75 day. In group A animals normal mineral mixture was provided, where as in group C and D 10% and 25% more of Ca, P, Mg were provided, respectively. There was an increase in body weight, milk yield, haemoglobin concentration, and total erythrocyte count. Alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase in group D animals. There was a decrease in heart rate, respiratory rate and alkaline phosphatase in group D animal after mineral supplement. Thus showing the efficacy when supplements 3 provided to group D animals.
T. K. BHARDWAJ,H. S. SHARMA,P. C. JAIN,S. K. AGGARWAL 한국원자력학회 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.8
Deposition potential, deposition time, square wave frequency, rotation speed of the rotating disc electrode, and palladium concentration were studied on a Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) in 0.01M HCl for the determination of palladium in High Level Nuclear Waste (HLNW) by anodic stripping voltammetry. Experimental conditions were optimized for the determination of palladium at two different, 10-8 and 10-7 M, levels. Error and standard deviation of this method were under 1% for all palladium standard solutions. The developed technique was successfully applied as a subsidiary method for the determination of palladium in simulated high level nuclear waste with very good precision and high accuracy (under 1 % error and standard deviation).
Bhardwaj, T.K.,Sharma, H.S.,Jain, P.C.,Aggarwal, S.K. Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.8
Deposition potential, deposition time, square wave frequency, rotation speed of the rotating disc electrode, and palladium concentration were studied on a Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE) in 0.01M HCl for the determination of palladium in High Level Nuclear Waste (HLNW) by anodic stripping voltammetry. Experimental conditions were optimized for the determination of palladium at two different, $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-7}M$, levels. Error and standard deviation of this method were under 1% for all palladium standard solutions. The developed technique was successfully applied as a subsidiary method for the determination of palladium in simulated high level nuclear waste with very good precision and high accuracy (under 1 % error and standard deviation).
Effect of Butyrophilin Gene Polymorphism on Milk Quality Traits in Crossbred Cattle
Bhattacharya, T.K.,Misra, S.S.,Sheikh, Feroz D.,Sukla, Soumi,Kumar, Pushpendra,Sharma, Arjava Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.7
A genetic polymorphism study on butyrophilin gene was carried out to explore variability of this gene and to estimate effects of such variability on milk quality traits in crossbred cattle. Polymorphism was unraveled by conducting Hae III PCR-RFLP of this gene. Three genotypes such as AA, BB and AB and two alleles namely A and B were observed in crossbred population. The frequencies of genotypes and alleles were 0.78, 0.17 and 0.04 for AA, AB and BB genotypes, respectively, and 0.87 and 0.13 for A and B alleles, respectively. The nucleotides, which have been substituted from allele A to B, were observed as C to G ($71^{st}$ nucleotide), C to T ($86^{th}$ nucleotide), A to T ($217^{th}$ nucleotide), G to A ($258^{th}$ nucleotide), A to C ($371^{st}$ nucleotide) and C to T ($377^{th}$ nucleotide). The nucleotide substitutions at $71^{st}$, $86^{th}$ and $377^{th}$ position of the fragment were found as silent mutations whereas nucleotide changes at $217^{th}$, $258^{th}$ and $371^{st}$ positions were detected as substitution of amino acid lysine with arginine, valine with isoleucine, and leucine with proline from allele A to B. The genotypes had significant effects ($p{\leq}0.05$) on total milk solid%, fat%, SNF%, while showing nonsignificant impact on total protein%. AA genotype produced highest average yield for all the traits.
Growth Hormone Gene Polymorphism and Its Effect on Birth Weight in Cattle and Buffalo
Biswas, T.K.,Bhattacharya, T.K.,Narayan, A.D.,Badola, S.,Kumar, Pushpendra,Sharma, Arjava Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.4
The study was carried out in Sahiwal, Holstein Friesian, Jersey and crossbred cattle and Murrah, Bhadwari, Jaffarabadi, Nagpuri and Surti buffaloes maintained at different organized herds to work out the polymorphism at growth hormone locus and study its effect on birth weight. A 223 bp fragment of the gene was amplified and digested with Alu I restriction enzyme. Two alleles, L and V with three genotypes LL, LV and VV were observed in Jersey, Holstein and cross bred cattle. Sahiwal cattle and buffalo were monomorphic for this locus producing only one genotype LL and one allele L. The frequency of L allele was comparatively higher in Holstein and crossbred cattle while in Jersey breed, the frequency of this allele was intermediate. The effect of genotype on birth weight was significant and LV genotype had higher birth weight than other genotypes. Hence, LV genotype in Holstein Friesian favored higher birth weight.