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( Sunghwan Hwang ) 한국수학교육학회 2023 수학교육연구 Vol.26 No.4
Recently, AI has become a crucial tool in mathematics education due to advances in machine learning and deep learning. Considering the importance of AI, examining teachers’ beliefs about AI in mathematics education (AIME) is crucial, as these beliefs affect their instruction and student learning experiences. The present study developed a scale to measure preservice teachers’ (PST) beliefs about AIME through factor analysis and rigorous reliability and validity analyses. The study analyzed 202 PST’s data and developed a scale comprising three factors and 11 items. The first factor gauges PSTs' beliefs regarding their roles in using AI for mathematics education (4 items), the second factor assesses PSTs' beliefs about using AI for mathematics teaching (3 items), and the third factor explores PSTs' beliefs about AI for mathematics learning (4 items). Moreover, the outcomes of confirmatory factor analysis affirm that the three-factor model outperforms other models (a one-factor or a two-factor model). These findings are in line with previous scales examining mathematics teacher beliefs, reinforcing the notion that such beliefs are multifaceted and developed through diverse experiences. Descriptive analysis reveals that overall PSTs exhibit positive beliefs about AIME. However, they show relatively lower levels of beliefs about their roles in using AI for mathematics education. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
( Sunghwan Hwang ),( Eunhye Cho ),( Lillie R. Albert ) 한국수학교육학회 2020 수학교육연구 Vol.23 No.2
The purpose of this study was to examine mathematics teachers’ perceptions of multicultural education. To achieve this goal, the study explored how 10 elementary mathematics teachers noticed multicultural content in a mathematics textbook. Building upon noticing framework (Jacobs, Lamb, & Philipp, 2010), we first examined teachers’ attention toward multicultural content in a mathematics textbook. Then, we examined teachers’ interpretation of the content. We employed a content analysis approach to examine the collected data. The results indicated that most mathematics teachers held a content integration perspective. Their view was that “multicultural education” referred to learning about the diverse cultures of different countries. Moreover, although they noticed some multicultural content in the textbook, they wanted to discuss them in superficially descriptive ways and avoid talking about social justice issues. Additionally, some teachers believed that mathematics is a culture-free subject. They argued that multicultural content should not be presented in mathematics textbooks. We also discussed uncommon themes, which were reported by only a few mathematics teachers.
전기점화기관에서 마이크로폰 센서를 이용한 노킹 측정 및 분석
황승환(Sunghwan Hwang),이종화(Jonghwa Lee),임진수(Jinsoo Lim) 한국자동차공학회 1996 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1996 No.11_2
The knocking is one of major parameters to improve engine performance in a spark ignition engine. Many researches have been carried out to identify them using cylinder pressure, vibration signal and so on. In the present study, measurement and analysis was conducted to set up the criteria of knock occurrence by using microphone signal. Cylinder pressure was measured for the reference signal of knocking. It has been observed that resonance frequencies of pressure wave are nearly independent of engine operating conditions such as engine speed, air fuel ratio, load and octane number of fuel within [he limited experimental conditions. SOBP method using resonance frequency of knock was proposed for estimating knock intensity. SOBP method is superior to identify knock occurrence and its intensity in case of sound pressure measurement.
수학교사의 신념, 교실 규범 및 교실 담화가 교실 내의 공정성에 미치는 영향 연구
황성환 ( Sunghwan Hwang ) 한국수학교육학회 2018 初等 數學敎育 Vol.21 No.2
본 연구의 목적은 수학교사의 신념, 교실 규범 및 교실 담화가 교실 내의 공정성에 미치는 영향을 연구하는 것이다. 이를 위해 동일한 학교에 근무하는 세 명의 초등 교사의 신념과 수학 수업을 다음과 같이 분석하였다. 첫째, 교사의 수학 교수 학습에 대한 신념과 교실 내 학생들의 수학적 능력과 흥미에 관한 신념을 인터뷰를 통해 분석을 하였다. 둘째, 수학 교실 내의 교실사회규범과 (Classroom social norms) 사회수학적 규범 (Sociomathematics norms)을 탐험적 사례분석 (Exploratory case study) 방법을 통해 분석을 하였다. 셋째, 교실 담화의 주체와 목적을 분석하기 위해 카이 자승 검증을 (Chi-square test) 실시하였으며, 각 교실간의 차이점과 유사점을 비교 분석하였다. 넷째, 수학교사의 신념, 교실 규범 및 교실 담화를 종합적으로 분석하여 교실 내 낮은 학업성취도를 가진 소외된 학생들이 (Marginalized low-achieving students) 어떻게 ‘수학을 하는 학생으로서’의 (doers of mathematics) 정체성을 형성해가고 이것이 어떻게 교실 내의 공정성에 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 분석결과 교사가 학생들의 수학적 탐구과정에 관심을 갖고 개개인의 능력과 참여를 고려해서 수학수업을 구성할 때 소외된 학생들이 긍정적인 자아를 형성하였으며 교실 내의 공정성이 향상되는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 교사가 학생의 수학적 흥미나 수학적 정확성에만 관심을 갖고 교사가 제시한 수학적 절차만을 사용하여 정확한 한 개의 답을 구하도록 지도할 경우 수학적 개념을 학원에서 미리 배워서 알고 있거나 기존에 높은 학업성취도를 가진 학생들만이 (Dominant high-achievers) 수학수업에 참여하는 것으로 나타났다. 이런 점에서 본 연구는 수학 교사의 신념, 교실 규범 및 교실 담화가 교실 내의 공정성을 미치는 영향을 조사 하는 연구에 시사점을 제시하고 있다. The purpose of this study was to examine the relations among mathematics teachers’ beliefs, classroom norms and discourse, and equity issues in mathematics classrooms. In order to achieve this purpose, three teachers who work in the same school were analyzed. The analysis revealed that the participating teachers’ beliefs about mathematics teaching and learning and about their students’ abilities and motivation influenced the establishment of classroom norms and discourses that defined what students needed to do to be successful mathematics learners. Also, classroom norms and discourse affected the development of students’ identity and power and the level of equity in the classroom.
초등교사의 수학수업의 질, 수학 교수효능감, 학생의 수학흥미가 수학성취도에 미치는 영향 분석: 다층구조방정식의 적용
황성환 ( Hwang Sunghwan ),손태권 ( Son Taekwon ) 한국수학교육학회 2020 初等 數學敎育 Vol.23 No.4
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the structural relationships between elementary teachers’ mathematics instruction, teachers’ mathematics teaching efficacy, students’ mathematical interest, and mathematics achievement. To achieve this goal, we used TIMSS 2015 Korean data and implemented multilevel structural equation modeling given that student data were nested within the school data. The findings reveled that at the student level, the instructional quality rated by students positively affected student mathematical interest. Additionally, student mathematical interest positively affected student mathematics achievement. Although the direct effect of instructional quality on student mathematics achievement was insignificant, the total was significant. At the school level, there were positive direct effects of instructional quality and teacher’s mathematics teaching efficacy on student mathematical interest. The direct effects of instructional quality, teachers’ mathematics teaching efficacy, and student mathematical interest on mathematics achievement were not significant. However, the total effects of instructional quality and teachers’ mathematics teaching efficacy on mathematics achievement were significant. Based on the results, we discussed the implications of the study.
벼 조생흑찰의 시비조건에 따른 생육 및 안토시아닌 함량변이
오성환,김상열,최원영,서종호,황정동,이휘종,조준현,권영업,남민희,이철원 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2015 農業科學硏究 Vol.31 No.2
Anthocyanin production of black pigmented rice is generally influenced by cultivation environments like transplanting date, cultivation location and fertilization method. This study was carried out to establish an optimum fertilizer application method for production of black pigmented rice with high anthocyanin content. Eight fertilization treatments(NPK, NPK+Si, NPK+Compost, PK, NK, NP, Compost, No Fertilizer) were evaluated with a back pigmented rice cultivar, Josaengheugchal, from 2013 to 2014. Heading date of Josaengheugchal in most fertilization treatments was August 6 to 9 but heading date of NK(P0) treatment was late on August 16. Anthocyanin content was fluctuated between 2013 to 2014. Anthocyanin content of Josaengheugchal in 2014 was higher than that of 2013 because average temperature of ripening stage in 2014 was lower by about 3.2oC than that of 2013. In 2013, anthocyanin content of Josaengheugchal during 30 days after heading(DAH) was decreased by 15.6 mg with increasing average temperature of 1oC. However, temperature effect on anthocyanin content of Josaengheuchal was not observed in 2014 because no significant correlation between average temperature and application treatments was observed. On the other hand, anthocyanin content was significantly influenced by fertilization treatments. Anthocyanin content of Josaengheuchal was highest at the NPK+Compost treatment showing about 17% and 62% higher than NPK, No-Fertilizer treatments, respectively. Total amount of anthocyanin production was also highest with NPK+Compost, higher about 30%, 288% than NPK, No-Fertilizer, respectively.
Reversible data hiding using least square predictor via the LASSO
Hwang, Hee Joon,Kim, SungHwan,Kim, Hyoung Joong Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.) 2016 EURASIP journal on image and video processing Vol.2016 No.-
<P>Reversible watermarking is a kind of digital watermarking which is able to recover the original image exactly as well as extracting hidden message. Many algorithms have aimed at lower image distortion in higher embedding capacity. In the reversible data hiding, the role of efficient predictors is crucial. Recently, adaptive predictors using least square approach have been proposed to overcome the limitation of the fixed predictors. This paper proposes a novel reversible data hiding algorithm using least square predictor via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). This predictor is dynamic in nature rather than fixed. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the previous methods including some algorithms which are based on the least square predictors.</P>