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In vitro and In vivo Evaluation of Novel Gel Formulations of Testosterone for Transdermal Delivery
Heo, Sung-Koun,Cho, Young-Seok,Han, Sang-Dae,Chang, Jin-Kang,Yoon, Eun-Ju,Ko, Dae-Woong,Lim, Chang-Baeg,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.5
HPMC-based novel gel formulations for the transdermal delivery of testosterone (TS) were developed, and the effect of various skin permeation enhancers was studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro hairless mouse skin permeation of TS from the gel was investigated using Keshary-Chien diffusion cells for 8 hours at $37^{\circ}C$. In vivo plasma concentration profiles of TS after applying the gel on the abdominal skin of rat were determined using a commercial radioimmunoassay kit. Hairless mouse skin permeation of TS increased with the addition of permeation enhancers both in vitro and in vivo. Combination of diethanolamine (2%) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP, 6%) was the most effective among tested. Plasma concentration of TS significantly increased for at least 24 hours with the addition of diethanolamine and NMP. These results suggest the feasibility of the development of a HPMC-based gel formulation for the transdermal delivery of TS.
In vitro and In vivo Evaluation of Novel Gel Formulations of Testosterone for Transdermal Delivery
Sung Koun Heo,Young Seok Cho,Sang Dae Han,Jin Kang Chang,Eun Ju Yoon,Dae Woong Ko,Chang Baeg Lim,Suk Jae Chung,Chang Koo Shim,Dae Duk Kim 韓國藥劑學會 2005 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.35 No.5
Cho, Sung Woon,Kwon, Sung Min,Lee, Minkyung,Jo, Jeong-Wan,Heo, Jae Sang,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Cho, Hyung Koun,Park, Sung Kyu Elsevier 2019 Nano energy Vol.66 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>For the realization of low-power consumption brain-inspired neuromorphic computing devices which mimic the biological neuronal information processing methodology, the development of photonic transistors capable of synaptic behaviors and neuronal computation have attracted lots of interests. Here, metal-chalcogenide (MC)/metal-oxide (MO) heterogeneous photonic neuro-transistors capable of multi-spectrum triggered synaptic responses and corresponding neuronal computation were developed for an intelligent and energy efficient neuromorphic device. The photonic transistor architecture including a solution-processed broadband photo-active heterogeneous channel and electronic modulatory terminal enable to establish power-saved multi-level writing/reading processing. The multi-spectral gate-triggerings and their synaptic responses were emulated via the broadband absorbing MC/MO heterogeneous semiconducting structure and its defective hetero-interface, which can be fine-tuned by varying photo-spectrum of applied spikes and controlling of interfacial traps in-between, respectively. More importantly, the multi-spectrum triggered heterogeneous photonic neuro-transistors can facilitate wider dynamic and more intelligent neuronal computation such as multi-level dendritic summation and fire behaviors, logic-computation, and associated learning beyond conventional simple synaptic-level photonic devices. The results reported here argue that the multi-spectral activated heterogeneous photonic neuro-transistor outperforms current state-of-neuro-devices, provide a facile and generic route to achieve high-density and energy efficient neuromorphic system.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Heterogeneous photonic neuro-transistors capable of multi-spectral neuromorphic computation and low-power operation. </LI> <LI> Heterogeneous channel consists of solution-processed ZnSnO and CdS semiconductors. </LI> <LI> Power-efficient operation was enabled by heterogeneous channel architecture and modulatory terminal. </LI> <LI> All photo-neuromorphic computation dynamics were demonstrated via multi-spectrum gate triggering. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>