Letter to the Editor: The Supernumerary Phantom Limb and Phantom Limb Pain-Important Facts

Srijit Das 대한의학회 2011 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.26 No.9

Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in ischemic stroke and diabetes: the underlying link, mechanisms and future possible therapeutic targets

Piyawadee Wicha,Srijit Das,Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh 대한해부학회 2021 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.54 No.2

Ischemic stroke caused by occlusion of cerebral artery is responsible for the majority of stroke that increases the morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a crucial risk factor for ischemic stroke. Prolonged DM causes various microvascular and macrovascular changes, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability that facilitates inflammatory response following stroke. In the acute phase following stroke, BBB disruption has been considered the initial step that induces neurological deficit and functional disabilities. Stroke outcomes are significantly worse among DM. In this article, we review stroke with diabetes-induce BBB damage, as well as underlying mechanism and possible therapeutic targets for stroke with diabetes.

Morphology of the human aorta and age-related changes: anatomical facts

Pornhatai Komutrattananont,Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh,Srijit Das 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.2

Aorta is the largest artery in the human body. Its starting point is the aortic orifice of the aortic valve and it terminates at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra. The main function of the aorta is to transport oxygenated blood to supply all the organs and cells. With advancing age, the structure and hence the function show progressive changes. Various changes in the aortic morphology include the luminal diameter of aorta, whole length of the aorta, thickness, the microstructural components also change, and these include collagen, elastin and smooth muscle cells. In addition, the dimensions of all segments of the aorta increase with age in both sexes. Since age is a major risk factor for degenerative change and diseases affecting the aorta, understanding the detailed anatomy of the aorta may provide essential information concerning the age-associated process of the aorta. Knowledge of the morphological changes in the aorta is also important for future clinical therapies pertaining to aortic disease. Additionally, the information regarding the structural changes with age may be applied for age determination. This review describes the overview of the anatomy of the aorta, age related changes in the morphology of the aorta and aortic diseases.

A new method for sex estimation from maxillary suture length in a Thai population

Apichat Sinthubua,Sittiporn Ruengdit,Srijit Das,Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh 대한해부학회 2017 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.50 No.4

Sex estimation is one of the crucial procedures in the biological profile identification of human skeletal remains. Knowing sex of unknown case can lead to accurate and appropriate methods for predicting age, stature, ancestry, or even personal identification. Skull is one of the most reliable one among other skeletons and it is usually retained for both archaeological and forensic contexts. Although many morphological features and metric measurements of skull have been studied for sexing, but to the best of our knowledge is no study on maxillary suture length for sex estimation. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new sex estimation method for a Thai population by determining three maxillary suture lengths: anterior, transverse, and posterior maxillary suture, by computerizing amount of pixel obtained from photographs of these sutures. The present study was conducted on 190 Thai bone samples of which 96 were males and 94 were females. Independent t test revealed statistically significant difference (P<0.01) between males and females in all maxillary suture measurements. Equations derived from prediction model, which required three maxillary suture lengths gave 76.8421% accuracy from the leave-one-out cross validation in estimating sex percentage accuracies in predicting sex from these equations, which were relatively moderate. This study provides a novel and objective sex estimation method for Thais. It suggests that maxillary suture length can be applied for sex estimation. The new computerized technique will contribute basis knowledge and method for sex estimation, especially when only base of skull is available in forensic circumstance.

Gross age-related changes and diseases in human heart valves

Treerat Gumpangseth,Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh,Srijit Das 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.1

Cardiac valves are highly complex structures optimizing their function during the cardiac cycle. They open and close directed by blood flow under different pressure conditions in the dynamic environment in the heart. It is acknowledged that the aging process affects the structure and functions of the heart valves. With regard to morphometry, age-related changes of the heart valve can be found in valve circumference, thickness of the leaflet, luminal area at the sinotubular junction, valve diameter, orifice area, and leaflet size in circumferential and radial direction. In addition, there are differences between male and female hearts in some features. Moreover, there are studies the qualitative and quantitative assessment of histological compositions, echocardiography study to investigate the annular circumference and diameter in the human heart valves related with age. Studies into the detailed anatomy of the changes in heart valves with age are important and the correlation between valve morphology and age may be used as an age indicator. This study reviews the basic anatomical structure of the heart valves, age-related changes of valve morphometry, heart valve diseases, and general treatment of valvular diseases in humans. Detailed knowledge of the anatomical features of the morphology of the human heart valve is useful for any treatments of valve pathology.

Anatomical variants of the superficial temporal artery in patients with microtia: a pilot descriptive study

Farrah-Hani Imran,Chong Kong Yong,Srijit Das,Yap Lok Huei 대한해부학회 2016 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.49 No.4

Superficial temporal artery (STA) based pedicled fascial flap plays a pivotal role in ear reconstruction for microtia patients. There is paucity of literature on the anatomy of the STA in microtia patients. The present study aimed to describe any possible anatomical variations seen in the STA of patients afflicted with microtia. Pre-operative carotid computer tomographic angiography images of patients under the microtia database of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit at a tertiary medical centre were selected and 3-dimensionally reconstructed. Measurements were made on the 3D reconstructed computed tomographic angiography images of the STA on both the sides of the microtic ear and the non-microtic ear to assess its various anatomical parameters. We managed to obtain a total of 39 computed tomographic angiography images of STAs for analysis. There was a significant difference in the number of main branches of STA between the two groups (P=0.006). The proportion of ears with 2 main branches was higher in the non-microtia group (89.5%) compared to the microtia group (45.0%). A significant difference was found in the STA diameter between the two groups (P=0.012). The mean diameter of STA in the non-microtia group was larger by 0.4 mm. Furthermore, the median angle of STA was larger on the side of the non-microtic ears compared to that of microtic ears by 24.5 o , with a P-value of 0.011. The results of the study may be of clinical importance while planning and performing ear reconstructive surgeries using STA based pedicled fascial flaps.

Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

Abdelnasser Ibrahim,Aspalilah Alias,Faridah Mohd Nor,Mohamed Swarhib,Siti Noorain Abu Bakar,Srijit Das 대한해부학회 2017 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.50 No.2

Sex determination is one of the main steps in the identification of human skeletal remains. It constitutes an initial step in personal identification from the skeletal remains. The aim of the present study was to provide the population-specific sex discriminating osteometric standards to aid human identification. The present study was conducted on 87 (174 sides) slices of crania using postmortem computed tomography in 45 males and 42 females, aged between 18 and 75 years. About 22 parameters of crania were measured using Osirix software 3-D Volume Rendering. Results showed that all parameters were significantly higher in males than in females except for orbital height of the left eye by independent t test (P<0.01). By discriminant analysis, the classification accuracy was 85.1%, and by regression, the classification accuracy ranged from 78.2% to 86.2%. In conclusion, cranium can be used to distinguish between males and females in the Malaysian population. The results of the present study can be used as a forensic tool for identification of unknown crania.

Erratum: Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains

Abdelnasser Ibrahim,Aspalilah Alias,Faridah Mohd Nor1,Mohamed Swarhib,Siti Noorain Abu Bakar,Srijit Das,Nurliza Abdullah,Mohamad Helmee Mohamad Noor 대한해부학회 2019 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.52 No.2

Erratum for the article "Study of sexual dimorphism of Malaysian crania: an important step in identification of the skeletal remains" 9Anat Cell Biol. 2017 Jun;50(2):86-92. https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.2017.50.2.86)