Electronic structure, phonon stability, mechanical and high-temperature thermoelectric properties of Li-based quaternary Heusler alloys

Singh Jaspal,Kaur Kulwinder,Islam Ishtihadah,Mir Jan Mohammad,Goyal Megha,Kaur Tavneet,Verma S.S.,Ali Atif Mossad,Khandy Shakeel Ahmad 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.50 No.-

This paper presents a detailed discussion of thermoelectric and electronic properties of newly designed Li-based Heusler compounds (LiScPtGe, LiYPtSn, LiYPdPb) using Boltzmann transport theory alongside the first-principles calculations. Our investigations predict that these materials exhibit band gaps 0.76 eV (for LiScPtGe), 0.67 (for LiYPtGe) and 0.21 eV (for LiYPdPb), respectively. All the reported materials are indirect band gap semiconductors; mechanical and dynamical stability is also confirmed. At 300 K, the lowest value of lattice thermal conductivity is observed in LiYPdPb (21.64 Wm-1 K-1), which is very small as compared to the other two materials. The perceived value of the figure of merit (ZT) is 0.61 (for LiScPtGe), 0.52 (for LiYPtSn) and 0.35 (for LiYPdPb) respectively, and probably ensure a considerable thermoelectric efficiency of these newly designed materials.

Anatomic factors associated with degeneration and fraying of the coracoacromial ligament

Ryan Lopez,Jaspal Singh,Mohammad Ghoraishian,Thema Nicholson,Stephen Gates,Surena Namdari 대한견주관절학회 2024 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

Background: The coracoacromial ligament (CAL) is frequently observed to be damaged during arthroscopy and it is unclear how demographic, anatomic, and radiographic factors are related to CAL degeneration in full-thickness rotator cuff tears. Methods: A prospective study was conducted of patients at a single institution undergoing shoulder arthroscopy for first-time, full-thickness rotator cuff tears. We evaluated preoperative anteroposterior radiographs to obtain critical shoulder angle, glenoid inclination, acromial index, acromiohumeral distance, lateral acromial angle, and acromial morphology. We documented CAL quality, rotator cuff tear size and pattern during arthroscopy. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictive factors for encountering severe CAL fraying during arthroscopy. Results: Shoulders had mild CAL degeneration in 58.1% of cases, whereas severe CAL degeneration was present in 41.9% of shoulders. Patients with severe CAL attrition were significantly older (62.0 years vs. 58.0 years, P=0.042). Shoulders with severe CAL attrition had large rotator cuff tears in 54.1% of cases (P<0.001), and tears involving the infraspinatus (63.2% vs. 29.6%, P=0.003). The severe degeneration group was more likely to have a larger critical shoulder angle measurement on preoperative radiographs than those in the mild attrition group (36.1°±3.6° [range, 30°–45°] vs. 34.1°±3.8° [range, 26°–45°], P=0.037). Conclusions: While the clinical impact of CAL degeneration remains uncertain, increased severity of CAL degeneration is associated with older age, larger rotator cuff tear size, presence of infraspinatus tearing, and increased preoperative critical shoulder angle. Level of evidence: III.

Online resources for information on shoulder arthroplasty: an assessment of quality and readability

Mohamad Y. Fares,Jaspal Singh,Amar S. Vadhera,Jonathan Koa,Peter Boufadel,Joseph A. Abboud 대한견주관절의학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.3

Background: Many patients use online resources to educate themselves on surgical procedures and make well-informed healthcare decisions. The aim of our study was to evaluate the quality and readability of online resources exploring shoulder arthroplasty. Methods: An internet search pertaining to shoulder arthroplasty (partial, anatomic, and reverse) was conducted using the three most pop¬ular online search engines. The top 25 results generated from each term in each search engine were included. Webpages were excluded if they were duplicates, advertised by search engines, subpages of other pages, required payments or subscription, or were irrelevant to our scope. Webpages were classified into different source categories. Quality of information was assessed by HONcode certification, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria, and DISCERN benchmark criteria. Webpage readability was assessed using the Flesch reading ease score (FRES). Results: Our final dataset included 125 web pages. Academic sources were the most common with 45 web pages (36.0%) followed by physician/private practice with 39 web pages (31.2%). The mean JAMA and DISCERN scores for all web pages were 1.96±1.31 and 51.4±10.7, respectively. The total mean FRES score was 44.0±11.0. Only nine web pages (7.2%) were HONcode certified. Websites specified for health¬care professionals had the highest JAMA and DISCERN scores with means of 2.92±0.90 and 57.96±8.91, respectively (P<0.001). HONcode-certified webpages had higher quality and readability scores than other web pages. Conclusions: Web-based patient resources for shoulder arthroplasty information did not show high-quality scores and easy readability. When presenting medical information, sources should maintain a balance between readability and quality and should seek HONcode certification as it helps establish the reliability and accessibility of the presented information.

Pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty and the shoulder: biomechanical and clinical results of an emerging treatment option

Mohamad Y. Fares,Jaspal Singh,Peter Boufadel,Matthew R. Cohn,Joseph A. Abboud 대한견주관절학회 2024 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.27 No.1

While shoulder hemiarthroplasty is still used to treat young patients with shoulder pathology, the use of this procedure has substantially declined in recent years due to its significant complication profile. Glenoid wear with arthrosis is one of the major postoperative complications following shoulder hemiarthroplasty, and efforts to prevent this complication led many scientists to explore alternative weight-bearing surfaces on arthroplasty implants to decrease joint wear and improve patient outcomes. Pyrolytic carbon, or pyrocarbon, is a material that has better biocompatibility, survivorship, strength, and wear resistance compared to the materials used in traditional shoulder hemiarthroplasty. Pyrocarbon implants have been used in orthopedics for over 50 years; recently, their utility in shoulder hemiarthroplasty has garnered much interest. The purpose behind the use of pyrocarbon in shoulder hemiarthroplasty is to decrease the risk of progressive glenoid wear, especially in young active patients in whom joint preservation is important. Promising survivorship and outcomes have been demonstrated by recent studies, including limited glenoid wear following pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty. Nevertheless, these clinical studies have been limited to relatively small case series with limited long-term follow-up. Accordingly, additional research and comparative studies need to be conducted in order to properly assess the therapeutic efficacy and value of pyrocarbon hemiarthroplasty.

Design and Development of Symmetrical E-Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna for Multiband Wireless Applications

Pavneet Kaur,Gurmohan Singh,Jaspal Singh,Manjit Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.10

Microstrip patch antennas have made great advancements in wireless communication field in recent years. They have many advantages like light weight, low cost, smaller size, easy fabrication, high data rates, and capability to operate at multiband and wideband. They can be directly printed on a PCB and are gaining popularity in mobile phones. As the demand of operational bands increases, the design procedure of microstrip antenna is becoming very difficult. The microstrip antenna must be compact in size to employ them in miniaturized portable devices. Microstrip antenna comprise of rectangle, square, circle, triangle, donut, and dipole shaped patches. This paper presents design and development of a microstrip patch antenna for multiband wireless applications. The proposed geometry contains a substrate having rectangular radiating patch with symmetrical E-shaped slots on one side and a ground plane on other side. The designed miniaturized antenna has dimensions of 25 x 25 x 1.58 mm. The performance parameters-operating frequency, return loss (S11), and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are computed for the designed geometry. The fabricated antenna exhibits five frequency bands from 6.166 to 10.500 GHz. The computed return loss values are -14.9, -10.7, -14.3, -13.5 and -14.6 dB at frequencies 6.166, 6.833, 8.166, 9.500 and 10.500 GHz respectively. The observed VSWR values for the resonant frequency peaks are 1.43, 1.82, 1.48, 1.54 and 1.46 respectively. The values obtained for VSWR (between 1 and 2) and S11 (below -10dB) are within recommended range for the desired frequency bands. FR4 substrate is used for the fabrication of the antenna having permittivity of 4.4. The performance parameters of fabricated antenna geometry are computed using VNA tool.

Evaluation of online video content related to reverse shoulder arthroplasty: a YouTube-based study

Mohamad Y. Fares,Jonathan Koa,Peter Boufadel,Jaspal Singh,Amar S. Vadhera,Joseph A. Abboud 대한견주관절의학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Background: Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has evolved continuously over recent years, with expanded indications and better outcomes. YouTube is one of the most popular sources globally for health-related information available to patients. Evaluating the reliability of YouTube videos concerning RSA is important to ensure proper patient education. Methods: YouTube was queried for the term “reverse shoulder replacement.” The first 50 videos were evaluated using three different scores: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, the global quality score (GQS), and the reverse shoulder arthroplasty-specific score (RSAS). Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to determine the presence of a relationship between video characteristics and quality scores. Results: The average number of views was 64,645.78±264,160.9 per video, and the average number of likes was 414 per video. Mean JAMA, GQS, and RSAS scores were 2.32±0.64, 2.31±0.82, and 5.53±2.43, respectively. Academic centers uploaded the highest number of videos, and surgical techniques/approach videos was the most common video content. Videos with lecture content predicted higher JAMA scores whereas videos uploaded by industry predicted lower RSAS scores. Conclusions: Despite its massive popularity, YouTube videos provide a low quality of information on RSA. Introducing a new editorial review process or developing a new platform for patients’ medical education may be necessary.