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Memristive switching behavior in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 by incorporating an oxygen-deficient layer
Park, Sangsu,Jung, Seungjae,Siddik, Manzar,Jo, Minseok,Lee, Joonmyoung,Park, Jubong,Lee, Wootae,Kim, Seonghyun,Sadaf, Sharif Md.,Liu, Xinjun,Hwang, Hyunsang Wiley (John WileySons) 2011 Physica status solidi. PSS-RRL. Rapid Research Let Vol.5 No.10
Nanoscale RRAM-based synaptic electronics: toward a neuromorphic computing device
Park, Sangsu,Noh, Jinwoo,Choo, Myung-lae,Sheri, Ahmad Muqeem,Chang, Man,Kim, Young-Bae,Kim, Chang Jung,Jeon, Moongu,Lee, Byung-Geun,Lee, Byoung Hun,Hwang, Hyunsang IOP Pub 2013 Nanotechnology Vol.24 No.38
<P>Efforts to develop scalable learning algorithms for implementation of networks of spiking neurons in silicon have been hindered by the considerable footprints of learning circuits, which grow as the number of synapses increases. Recent developments in nanotechnologies provide an extremely compact device with low-power consumption.</P><P>In particular, nanoscale resistive switching devices (resistive random-access memory (RRAM)) are regarded as a promising solution for implementation of biological synapses due to their nanoscale dimensions, capacity to store multiple bits and the low energy required to operate distinct states. In this paper, we report the fabrication, modeling and implementation of nanoscale RRAM with multi-level storage capability for an electronic synapse device. In addition, we first experimentally demonstrate the learning capabilities and predictable performance by a neuromorphic circuit composed of a nanoscale 1 kbit RRAM cross-point array of synapses and complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor neuron circuits. These developments open up possibilities for the development of ubiquitous ultra-dense, ultra-low-power cognitive computers.</P>
Sangsu Park,Jungho Shin,Cimino, S.,Seungjae Jung,Joonmyoung Lee,Seonghyun Kim,Jubong Park,Wootae Lee,Myungwoo Son,Byunghun Lee,Pantisano, L.,Hyunsang Hwang IEEE 2011 IEEE electron device letters Vol.32 No.12
<P>We proposed a Mo/SiO<SUB>x</SUB>/Pt resistive random access memory (RRAM) device as an alternative to static random access memory (SRAM) devices for field-programmable gate array (FPGA) applications. In order to evaluate the feasibility of our RRAM device for FPGA applications, we utilized an RRAM device + inverter structure and confirmed its successful operation under various operational schemes, multilevel operation by controlling bias condition, and immunity against read disturbance and a retention test at high temperature. From the nonvolatile and reliable characteristics of our RRAM device, unlike that of SRAM devices, it holds promise to enable reconfigurable logic applications with significantly reduced logic-gate density and power consumption.</P>
Self-formed Schottky barrier induced selector-less RRAM for cross-point memory applications
Park, Sangsu,Jung, Seungjae,Siddik, Manzar,Jo, Minseok,Park, Jubong,Kim, Seonghyun,Lee, Wootae,Shin, Jungho,Lee, Daeseok,Choi, Godeuni,Woo, Jiyong,Cha, Euijun,Lee, Byoung Hun,Hwang, Hyunsang Wiley (John WileySons) 2012 Physica Status Solidi. Rapid Research Letters Vol.6 No.11
Sangsu Park 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.1
The natural barrier, a component of the deep disposal system, has site-specific characteristics depending on the site of the repository, and is one of the main considerations for long-term safety evaluation after closure along with the engineered barrier among the multiple barrier systems of the repository. The natural barrier is defined in Korea as the natural underground and surface structures that can restrict the exposure of radioactive waste, human intrusion or groundwater infiltration into a disposal facility, and the transfer of radionuclides. It includes bedrocks and soils surrounding the engineered barriers of radioactive wastes [Notice of the NSSC, No. 2020021]. This study analyzed foreign regulatory requirements related to natural barriers, requirements for natural barrier and performance target of Sweden and Finland (safety functions and target characteristics of natural barriers, e.g. natural barrier composition, geological characteristics, hydrogeological characteristics). Overseas regulations and cases referenced to derive regulations of general safety requirements on natural barrier are IAEA SSG-14, SSMFS 2008:21 in Sweden, STUK/Y/4/2018 in Finland, and POSIVA SKB Report 01, a joint report between POSIVA and SKB. The repository site and repository depth should be chosen so that the geological formation provides adequately stable and favorable conditions to ensure that the repository barriers perform as intended over a sufficient period of time. The conditions intended primarily concern temperature- related, hydrological, mechanical (for example, rock mechanics and seismology) and chemical (geochemistry, including groundwater chemistry) factors. Furthermore, the repository site should be located at a secure distance from natural resources exploited today or which may be exploited in the future [SSMFS 2008:21]. Finland regulations also suggests similar requirements [STUK Y-4-2018]. According to the above regulations, POSIVA SKB report 01 mentions both the host rock and the underground opening as natural barriers and requires a safety function, and the main safety functions of the host rock and underground opening are as follows: (1) Isolation from the surface environment; (2) Favorable thermal conditions; (3) Mechanically stable conditions; (4) Chemically favorable conditions; and (5) Favorable hydrogeological conditions with limited transport of solutes. Such safety functions would provide insight for understanding of the natural barrier of deep geological disposal system.
박상수 ( Sangsu Park ) 한국재정정책학회 2017 財政政策論集 Vol.19 No.3
본 연구는 과세당국이 부동산 시가표준액의 정확성과 과세형평성을 점검할 수 있는 제도적 기반인 부동산 시가표준액 검증제도의 도입을 제안하는 데 목적이 있다. 시가표준액은 특정시점을 기준으로 과세당국이 평가한 가액이며, 취득세, 재산세 등의 과세표준과 직·간접적으로 연계되어 있다. 시가표준액과 과세표준은 부동산 세액 결정에 있어 세법에서 규정하는 법정세율과 달리 `행정세율`이라고 불릴 정도로 중요하다. 부동산 조세에 있어 세부담의 공평성은 `부동산 시가표준액의 산정`과 불가분의 관계를 지니고 있다. 우리나라는 다른 나라와는 지방세법에 의해 세율이 고정되어 있고 과세평가가 매년 실시되기 때문에 세율이 아닌 시가표준액이 세부담을 결정한다. 부동산 시가표준액은 주민의 재산권에 직접적으로 영향을 미치므로 정확하게 산정되어야 하며, 부동산 유형, 지역, 가격 수준에 관계없이 동등하게 평가되어야 한다. 부동산 가치가 동일함에도 불구하고 시가표준액이 동등하지 않으면 조세 불형평이 발생할 수밖에 없다. 실증분석 결과, 주택과 비주거용 부동산의 재산세 과세비율은 절반 수준에도 미치지 못하고 있으며, 기초자치단체별로 시가표준액이 시장가치를 반영하는 비율이 서로 다르게 나타났다. 이는 부동산 시가표준액의 시장가치 반영률이 지역별로 편차가 크다는 것을 보여주며, `동일 가격·동일 세부담`이 실현되지 않고 있음을 의미한다. 과세당국은 부동산 세부담의 형평성 제고를 위해 시가표준액에 대한 검증제도를 도입할 필요가 있다. `부동산 시가표준액에 대한 검증제도`는 지방세 시가표준액으로 사용되고 있는 개별공시지가, 개별주택가격, 공동주택가격, 건축물 시가표준액 등이 시장가치(또는 시장가치의 대용치인 실거래가격 등)와 어떤 관계를 가지고 있는지를 주기적으로 모니터링 하는 것을 말한다. 시가표준액은 부동산 가격과 차이가 있을 수밖에 없지만 과세당국은 시가표준액과 부동산 가격과의 차이가 용인할 수 있는 범위에 있는지를 점검해야 한다. 만일 시가표준액과 부동산 가격과의 차이가 용인할 수 있는 범위 밖에 있다면 이를 개선할 수 있는 제도적 장치를 마련하는데 `부동산 시가표준액 검증제도`가 활용될 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to propose the introduction of the verification system for assessed value of real estate, which can increase the accuracy and fairness of the taxable value of real estate. The assessed value used as a tax base for acquisition tax and property tax is the value assessed by the taxation authorities based on the specific point of view. The fairness of real estate tax is inextricably linked to the calculation of assessed value. Every citizen had the legal right to be treated equally in terms of tax liability. The tax burden and tax equity of the residents are directly affected by depending on whether the assessed value is accurately calculated or not. The taxation authorities need to introduce a verification system for assessed value of real estate to enhance the equity tax burden. The verification system for assessed value of real estate is to periodically monitor whether taxable value of real estate changes in the same direction as market value. If the difference between the assessed value of real estate and the market value is wide, the taxation authorities should prepare measures to enhance the accuracy of taxable value. This study contributes to the needs and main contenes of the verification system for assessed value of real estate.