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Logic Inverter with All n-Type Amorphous SiZnSnO Thin Film Transistors
Han, Sangmin,Lee, Sang Yeol American Scientific Publishers 2017 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.17 No.5
<P>An inverter circuit consisting of amorphous silicon-zinc-tin-oxide (a-SZTO) thin film transistors (TFTs) with depletion mode and enhancement mode was fabricated by using only n-type metaloxide nano-thick TFTs. This inverter model is operated by the difference in the threshold voltage (V-th) between the depletion mode and the enhancement mode controlled by the Si doping concentration. The Vth of 0.3 wt.% Si-doped amorphous silicon-zinc-tin-oxide (0.3 SZTO) and 0.5 wt.% Si-doped a-SZTO TFT (0.5 SZTO TFTs) showed a negative value of -6.2 V and a positive value of 0.7 V, respectively. This result can be explained by the role of the Si atom as a carrier suppressor. The voltage gain of about 5.6 was obtained by using an implemented inverter with typical characteristics, even with all n-type TFTs.</P>
Influence of Wet Annealing on the Performance of SiZnSnO Thin Film Transistors
Han, Sangmin,Lee, Sang Yeol The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.1
Amorphous SiZnSnO(SZTO) thin film transistors(TFTs) have been fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering process, and they were annealed in air and in wet ambient. The electrical performance and the structure were analyzed by I-V measurement, XPS, AFM, and XRD. The results showed improvement in device performance by wet annealing process compared to air annealing treatment, because free electron was shown to be increased due to reaction of oxygen and hydrogen generating oxygen vacancy. This is understood by the generation of free electrons. We expect the wet annealing process to be a promising candidate to contributing to high electrical performance of oxide thin film transistors for backplane device applications.
Study on Assessment Items of Safety Culture for a New Safety Culture Evaluation Method
Sangmin Han,Ar Ryum Kim,Poong Hyun Seong 대한인간공학회 2013 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Objective: The aim of this study is to define the assessment items, for more objective, quantitative, and real-time evaluation method of nuclear safety culture. Background: In order to assess and improve safety culture, various methods have been developed so far. There are representative methods such as SCART implemented by IAEA and SCAV implemented by WANO. However, since these methods are based on interview, observation and self-assessment, it may cause subjective, qualitative problems. Also, the questionnaires are generalized to all staffs in the nuclear power plants. Therefore, it is necessary to define new assessment items with new safety culture evaluation method. Method: In order to deduce assessment items for safety culture, we considered various reports published from many nuclear-related organizations. Then we divided the total items into two groups, which are for managers and sub-contractors respectively. Items of each group were classified into three levels according to Guldenmund’s theory: outer layer, middle layer, and core layer. After defining the assessment items, probabilistic reliability model was applied to evaluated safety culture. Results: 40 items for managers and 32 items for sub-contractors are chosen. There were 15, 14, and 11 items for outer, middle, and core layer assessment items in manager group, and 10, 11, and 11 for those in sub-contractor group, respectively. Conclusion: We defined assessment items from reports published by nuclear related organizations, so that we expect to evaluate how well each nuclear employee complies with nuclear safety culture, objectively, quantitatively, and immediately.
Optical and Electrical Properties of Oxide Multilayers
Han, Sangmin,Yu, Jiao Long,Lee, Sang Yeol The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2016 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.17 No.4
Oxide/metal/oxide (OMO) thin films were fabricated using amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (a-IGZO) and an Ag metal layer on a glass substrate at room temperature. The optical and electrical properties of the a-IGZO/Ag/a-IGZO samples changed systemically depending on the thickness of the Ag layer. The transmittance in the visible range tends to decrease as the Ag thickness increases while the resistivity, carrier concentration, and Hall mobility tend to improve. The a-IGZO/Ag (13 nm)/a-IGZO thin film with the optimum Ag thickness showed an average transmittance (T<sub>av</sub>) of 71.7%, resistivity of 6.63 × 10<sup>−5</sup> Ω·cm and Hall mobility of 15.22 cm<sup>2</sup>V<sup>−1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup>.
Performance of Solution Processed Zn-Sn-O Thin-film Transistors Depending on Annealing Conditions
Han, Sangmin,Lee, Sang Yeol,Choi, Jun Young The Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic 2015 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.16 No.2
We have investigated zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin films under various silicon ratios. ZTO TFTs were fabricated by solution processing with the bottom gate structure. Furthermore, annealing process was performed at different temperatures in various annealing conditions, such as air, vacuum and wet ambient. Completed fabrication of ZTO TFT, and the performance of TFT has been compared depending on the annealing conditions by measuring the transfer curve. In addition, structure in ZTO thin films has been investigated by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is confirmed that the electrical performance of ZTO TFTs are improved by adopting optimized annealing conditions. Optimized annealing condition has been found for obtaining high mobility.
Development of Quantitative Evaluation Systems for Enhancing Nuclear Safety Culture
( Sangmin Han ),( Ar Ryum Kim ),( Poong Hyun Seong ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-
Safety Culture is defined as assembly of characteristics and attitudes in organizations and individuals which establishes that, as an overriding priority, nuclear plant safety issues receive the attention warranted by their significance, according to IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency). In order to assess and improve nuclear safety culture, various methods have been developed so far. There are representative methods such as SCART (Safety Culture Assessment Review Team) implemented by IAEA and SCAV (Safety Culture Assist Visit) implemented by WANO (The World Association of Nuclear Operators). However, these methods are implemented based on interview, questionnaires, safety indicators and observation and each method has merits and demerits, respectively. The aim of this study is to develop 1) a self-assessment method for nuclear safety culture and 2) an evaluation method for safety culture competence for all personnel in NPPs (Nuclear Power Plants). For the nuclear safety culture self-assessment method, factors were firstly determined based on safety culture characteristics and attributes of IAEA. These factors are comprised of safety culture competence for nuclear organizations and there are 10 categories with 92 factors. In the case of nuclear safety culture self-assessment method, self-assessment indicators are developed with questionnaires to enhance the accuracy of result and complement the limitations of each method.
Kim, Sangmin,Han, Jeonghun,Kim, Jee Soo,Kim, Jung-Han,Choe, Jun-Ho,Yang, Jung-Hyun,Nam, Seok Jin,Lee, Jeong Eon Potamitis Press 2011 Anticancer research Vol.31 No.11
<P>CD44, the transmembrane receptor for hyaluronan, is implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. The expression of CD44 and its variants is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Here, we investigated the effect of silibinin (a polyphenolic flavonolignan of the herbal plant of Silybum marianum, milk thistle) on the epidermal growth factor (EGF) ligand-induced CD44 expression in human breast cancer cells. The levels of CD44 mRNA and protein expression were greatly increased by EGF and by TGF-α in SKBR3 and BT474 breast cancer cells. In contrast, EGFR ligand-induced CD44 expression was reduced by EGFR inhibitors, AG1478 and lapatinib, respectively. Interestingly, we observed that EGFR ligand-induced CD44 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression was reduced by silibinin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, silibinin suppressed the EGF-induced phosphorylation of EGFR and extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), a downstream signaling molecule of EGFR. Therefore, we suggest that silibinin prevents the EGFR signaling pathway and may be used as an effective drug for the inhibition of metastasis of human breast cancer.</P>