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á à Á À é è É È ç Ç ê
Ä Ö Ü ä ö ü ß
ְ ֳ ֲ ֱ ָ ַ ֵ ֶ ִ ֹ ּ ֻ ׂ ׁ ּ פ ם ן ו ט א ר ק ף ך ל ח י ע כ ג ד ש ץ ת צ מ נ ה ב
‘ ’ “ ” 〔 〕 〈 〉 「 」 『 』 【 】 ＂ （ ） ［ ］ ｛ ｝
± × ÷ ≠ ≤ ≥ ∞ ∴ ♂ ♀ ∠ ⊥ ⌒ ∂ ∇ ≡ ≒ ≪ ≫ √ ∽ ∝ ∵ ∫ ∬ ∈ ∋ ⊆ ⊇ ⊂ ⊃ ∪ ∩ ∧ ∨ ￢ ⇒ ⇔ ∀ ∃ ∮ ∑ ∏ ＋ － ＜ ＝ ＞
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А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я а б в г д е ё ж з и й к л м н о п р с т у ф х ц ч ш щ ъ ы ь э ю я
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§ ※ ☆ ★ ○ ● ◎ ◇ ◆ □ ■ △ ▽ → ← ↑ ↓ ↔ 〓 ◁ ◀ ▷ ▶ ♤ ♠ ♡ ♥ ♧ ♣ ⊙ ◈ ▣ ◐ ◑ ▒ ▤ ▥ ▨ ▧ ▦ ▩ ♨ ☏ ☎ ☜ ☞ † ‡ ↕ ↗ ↙ ↖ ↘ ♭ ♩ ♪ ♬ ㉿ ㈜ № ㏇ ™ ㏂ ㏘ ℡ ＃ ＆ ＊ ＠ ª º
ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ ⅳ ⅴ ⅵ ⅶ ⅷ ⅸ ⅹ Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ Ⅸ Ⅹ
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        Efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin in Cancer Prevention and Its Putative Mechanisms

        Sakshi Gupta,Pawan Kumar,Saurabh Yadav 대한암예방학회 2024 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.29 No.1

        Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. Although it was developed as a prophylactic vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), researchers have also evaluated it for preventing cancer development or progression. These studies were inspired by the available data regarding the protective effects of microbial infection against cancers and an inverse relationship between TB and cancer mortality. Initial studies demonstrated the efficacy of BCG in preventing leukemia, melanoma and a few other cancers. However, mixed results were observed in later studies. Importantly, these studies have led to the successful use of BCG in the tertiary prevention of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, wherein BCG therapy has been found to be more effective than chemotherapy. Moreover, in a recently published 60-year follow-up study, childhood BCG vaccination has been found to significantly prevent lung cancer development. In the present manuscript, we reviewed the studies evaluating the efficacy of BCG in cancer prevention and discussed its putative mechanisms. Also, we sought to explain the mixed results of BCG efficacy in preventing different cancers.

      • KCI등재

        Stabilization of Ag Nanoparticles and ZnO–Ag Nanocomposite onto L-Methionine-Modified Cotton Fabric for Antibacterial Durability

        Tariku Bayisa,Sakshi Bajhal,Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy,Ashish Kapoor,Kim Han Tan,Saidur Rahman,Neeraj K. Gupta,Gemechu D. Edossa 한국섬유공학회 2023 Fibers and polymers Vol.24 No.10

        Antimicrobial properties of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites (NCPs) can be a promising solution to reducing microbe infections. The objective of the present work was to develop washable antibacterial cotton fabrics grafted with L-methionine (MetCot) and coordinately bind silver (Ag) NPs, particularly zinc oxide-silver (ZnO-Ag) NCPs, to exploit their potential synergistic antibacterial properties. MetCot + Ag and MetCot + ZnO-Ag fabrics were analyzed chemically and physically by different techniques. Functionalization of MetCot, in situ, by the NPs and NCPs did not change the cotton fiber structure. The synthesized Ag NPs and ZnO NPs of high purity with an average particle size of 30 and 10 nm, respectively, were uniformly distributed and bound to MetCot. However, functionalization changed MetCot's color to dark yellow–brown shades. Based on essential properties and comfort, the reduction of approximately 12% in vapor permeability and water absorbability, along with a slight decrease in tensile strength and elongation after functionalization of approximately 5-12% for MetCot + Ag and MetCot + ZnO-Ag, should be within the industry's acceptable criteria. MetCot + Ag and MetCot + ZnO-Ag showed excellent antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus after 50 wash cycles. A synergistic effect was observed with MetCot + ZnO-Ag over MetCot + Ag by approximately 7-13%. The amount of Ag NPs and ZnO NPs retained after 50 wash cycles ranged between 80% and 86%. This indicated strong binding to the fabrics. MetCot + Ag and MetCot + ZnO-Ag are biocompatible, as demonstrated by the indirect cytotoxicity assay using 3T3 fibroblast cells with overall cell viability of 95% after 1 and 7 days of exposure.

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