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- 저자 : S. Sundar (검색결과 41 건)
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Sundar, S. Shyam,Bellur, Saraswathi,Oh, Jeeyun,Jia, Haiyan,Kim, Hyang-Sook SAGE Publications 2016 COMMUNICATION RESEARCH - Vol.43 No.5
<P>A critical determinant of message interactivity is the presence of contingency, that is, the messages we receive are contingent upon the messages we send, leading to a threaded loop of interdependent messages. While this “conversational ideal” is easily achieved in face-to-face and computer-mediated communications (CMC), imbuing contingency in human-computer interaction (HCI) is a challenge. We propose two interface features—interaction history and synchronous chat—for increasing perceptions of contingency, and therefore user engagement. We test it with a five-condition, between-participants experiment (<I>N</I> = 110) on a movie search site. Data suggest that interaction history can indeed heighten perceptions of contingency and dialogue, but is perceived as less interactive than chatting. However, the chat function does not appreciably increase perceived contingency or user engagement, both of which are shown to mediate the effects of message interactivity on attitudes toward the site. Theoretical implications for interactivity research and practical implications for interaction design are discussed.</P>
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R. Sundar,S. Krishna Mohan,S. Vishvanathperumal 한국고분자학회 2022 폴리머 Vol.46 No.6
Ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (EPDM/NBR)-modified halloysite nanotubes (mHNTs) nanocomposites were prepared by two-roll mixing mill and vulcanization process. The mole percent uptake of some aromatic (toluene, xylene, benzene and mesitylene), aliphatic (n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane and n-pentane) and chlorinated (chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and dichloromethane) solvents through mHNT filled EPDM/NBR nanocomposites has been investigated. The aim of the present work is to investigate the role of the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, abrasion resistance and swelling resistance in analysing the compatibility between rubber matrix and nanotubes and the reinforcing effect of mHNT as nanofiller in the EPDM/NBR matrix. The mole percent uptake of organic solvents via membranes has been explored in detail as a function of mHNT content, type of solvent, and temperature between 23 and 60 oCelsius. The findings revealed that mHNT could reduce scorch and optimum cure time in EPDM/NBR vulcanizates, as well as play a significant role in strengthening EPDM/NBR vulcanizates. Mechanical properties and swelling resistance were investigated and were found to increase with the increase of mHNT loading. The cross-link density values indicated the improved strengthening at 8 phr mHNT filler loading. In the rubber matrix, mHNT particles form a local filler–filler network at high concentrations. As a result, the composites mechanical properties were greatly improved.
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Visualizing ideal self vs. actual self through avatars: Impact on preventive health outcomes
Kim, Y.,Sundar, S.S. Pergamon 2012 Computers in Human Behavior Vol.28 No.4
The self-discrepancy between one's actual self and one's ideal self, which is associated with negative emotional states (e.g., depression) or unhealthy lifestyles (e.g., eating disorders), is mostly caused and intensified by exposure to unrealistic images of others (e.g., celebrities or magazine models). Drawing from regulatory focus theory, the current study examines whether creating self-resembling avatars, especially those that resemble our ideal selves, could counteract this negative effect of self-discrepancy. The results of a between-subject experiment (N=95) indicated that user-created self-reflecting avatars made salient different mental images of their bodies based on whether they customized their avatars to look like their actual or ideal selves, and consequently influenced their perceptions toward their physical body through two different self-regulatory systems (i.e., promotion-focused and prevention-focused), with consequences for health outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Can online buddies and bandwagon cues enhance user participation in online health communities?
Kim, H.S.,Shyam Sundar, S. Pergamon 2014 Computers in Human Behavior Vol.37 No.-
Individuals are more likely to obtain information and support from online health communities than offer help to other users (Fox & Jones, 2009; Preece, Nonnecke, & Andrews, 2004). The current study attempts to resolve this problem of under-contribution by proposing two theory-based persuasive strategies-a specific request in the form of an online buddy and collective community feedback in the form of bandwagon cues. A 2 (online buddy: absence vs. presence) by 2 (bandwagon cues: weak vs. strong) between-participants experiment tested the effects of these strategies on psychological outcomes, including perceived responsibility, social presence, sense of community, and perceived helpfulness, as well as their posting attitudes, posting intentions, and website attitudes, across two sessions. Contrary to expectations, we found that the assignment of online buddies in a health community forum leads to negative psychological and behavioral consequences, especially in the absence of strong community feedback. Furthermore, the online buddy feature interacts with bandwagon cues to activate different cognitive processes, leading to differential interpretation of the meanings of those bandwagon cues-either as compliments (in the presence of online buddy) or as unreliable feedback (in the absence of online buddy). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Social Interaction in Mobile Games: Priming opponents’ presence and haptic feedback
Sangmee Lee,Hayoung Bang,S. Shyam Sundar 한국HCI학회 2014 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.12
Ever since the launch of games in the iOS App Store and on Google Play, mobile users have been able to experience multilateral game environments with their friends on their mobile devices. This research examines whether priming an opponent’s presence and providing interactive modality cues influence mobile game players’ perceived enjoyment (i.e., both self and other’s enjoyment) and compunction. A 2 (opponent’s presence primed vs. not primed) x 2 (vibrotactile vs. nonvibrotactile feedback) between-subjects experiment (N = 49) was conducted. Regardless of the feedback type, the group that was primed about the presence of a real opponent reported greater enjoyment than the group that was not primed. When primed about the opponent’s presence, participants perceived that their opponent as more pleasant when they received no haptic feedback. However, they perceived their opponent as more pleasant when they received haptic feedback in the non-primed condition. Results suggest theoretical and practical implications for constructing game opponents’ mental models for expanded social experience as well as for computer-supported collaborative work (CSCW).
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Sundar, R,Huang, K K,Qamra, A,Kim, K -M,Kim, S T,Kang, W K,Tan, A L K,Lee, J,Tan, P Oxford University Press 2019 Annals of oncology Vol.30 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Utilization of alternative transcription start sites through alterations in epigenetic promoter regions causes reduced expression of immunogenic N-terminal peptides, which may facilitate immune evasion in early gastric cancer. We hypothesized that tumors with high alternate promoter utilization would be resistant to immune checkpoint inhibition in metastatic gastric cancer.</P><P><B>Patients and methods</B></P><P>Two cohorts of patients with metastatic gastric cancer treated with immunotherapy were analyzed. The first cohort (<I>N </I>=<I> </I>24) included patients treated with either nivolumab or pembrolizumab. Alternate promoter utilization was measured using the NanoString<SUP>®</SUP> (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA) platform on archival tissue samples. The second cohort was a phase II clinical trial of patients uniformly treated with pembrolizumab (<I>N </I>=<I> </I>37). Fresh tumor biopsies were obtained, and transcriptomic analysis was carried out on RNAseq data. Alternate promoter utilization was correlated to T-cell cytolytic activity, objective response rate and survival.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>In the first cohort 8 of 24 (33%) tumors were identified to have high alternate promoter utilization (AP<SUB>high</SUB>), and this was used to define the AP<SUB>high</SUB> tertile of the second cohort (13 AP<SUB>high</SUB> of 37). AP<SUB>high</SUB> tumors exhibited decreased markers of T-cell cytolytic activity and lower response rates (8% versus 42%, <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.03). Median progression-free survival was lower in the AP<SUB>high</SUB> group (55 versus 180 days, <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.0076). In multivariate analysis, alternative promoter utilization was an independent predictor of immunotherapy survival [hazard ratio 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.099–0.85, <I>P </I>=<I> </I>0.024). Analyzing tumoral evolution through paired pre-treatment and post-treatment biopsies, we observed consistent shifts in alternative promoter utilization rate associated with clinical response.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>A substantial proportion of metastatic gastric cancers utilize alternate promoters as a mechanism of immune evasion, and these tumors may be resistant to anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibition. Alternate promoter utilization is thus a potential mechanism of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition, and a novel predictive biomarker for immunotherapy.</P><P><B>Trial Registration</B></P><P>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT#02589496</P>
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