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Recurrent and Massive Life Threatening Epistaxis due to Nasal Heroin Usage
Hüseyin Yaman,Yusuf Aydın,Süleyman Yılmaz,Elif Önder,Ender Güçlüm,Özcan Öztürk 대한이비인후과학회 2011 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.4 No.3
Epistaxis, active bleeding from the nose, is a common ear nose and throat emergency, and can be severe or even fatal. We report a severe life threatening recurrent massive nasal bleeding caused by intranasal heroin use that has not hitherto been reported in the English literature. A 24-year-old male who took heroin several times nasally presented with massive nasal bleeding. A blood transfusion and an operation to halt nasal bleeding were required. The patient did not experience a bleeding attack 2 months following cessation of nasal heroin use.
Origin of the R(15 × 3) surface reconstruction of carburized W(110) - revisited
Kim, Jihyun,Shin, Eun-Ha,Seo, J.,Kim, H.,Rojas, G.,Chen, X.,Enders, A.,Kim, Hanchul,Kim, J.-S. Elsevier 2019 Surface science Vol.682 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The identification of the surface atomic structure having a <I>large</I> unit cell remains a major challenge, while this surface structure is the starting point for templated growth on it. The atomic structure of the carbon-induced R(15 × 3)-W(110) is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) operated around 80 K in near-contact mode, combined with the first-principles calculations. It is shown that the R(15 × 3) reconstruction results from the moiré pattern, which a W-C bilayer of <I>α</I>-W<SUB>2</SUB>C(0001) forms with the W(110) substrate, confirming an earlier prediction by Bauer et al. Besides the moiré pattern, the present structure contains the surface lattice deformation, the main ingredient of the other model, and provides a comprehensive picture, well reconciling the two previous models.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Near-contact mode operation of STM reveals the atomic structure of the R(15 x 3) reconstruction. </LI> <LI> The atomic structure is formed of W-C bi-layer of alpha tungsten carbide on W(110) with their relative azimuthal orientation clearly identified. </LI> <LI> The first principles calculation based on the atomic structure well reproduces the STM images as well as the XPS spectra for the reconstructed system. </LI> <LI> The atomic structure shows strong surface corrugation well reconciling with the other model attributing the reconstruction to the surface modification. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>