Deep Sequencing of the <i>Medicago truncatula</i> Root Transcriptome Reveals a Massive and Early Interaction between Nodulation Factor and Ethylene Signals

Larrainzar, Estí,baliz,Riely, Brendan K.,Kim, Sang Cheol,Carrasquilla-Garcia, Noelia,Yu, Hee-Ju,Hwang, Hyun-Ju,Oh, Mijin,Kim, Goon Bo,Surendrarao, Anandkumar K.,Chasman, Deborah,Siahpirani, Alir American Society of Plant Biologists 2015 Plant Physiology Vol.169 No.1

<P><I>Transcriptional reprogramming is regulated by Nod factor-induced ethylene signaling.</I></P><P>The legume-rhizobium symbiosis is initiated through the activation of the Nodulation (Nod) factor-signaling cascade, leading to a rapid reprogramming of host cell developmental pathways. In this work, we combine transcriptome sequencing with molecular genetics and network analysis to quantify and categorize the transcriptional changes occurring in roots of <I>Medicago truncatula</I> from minutes to days after inoculation with <I>Sinorhizobium medicae</I>. To identify the nature of the inductive and regulatory cues, we employed mutants with absent or decreased Nod factor sensitivities (i.e. <I>Nodulation factor perception</I> and <I>Lysine motif domain-containing receptor-like kinase3</I>, respectively) and an ethylene (ET)-insensitive, Nod factor-hypersensitive mutant (<I>sickle</I>). This unique data set encompasses nine time points, allowing observation of the symbiotic regulation of diverse biological processes with high temporal resolution. Among the many outputs of the study is the early Nod factor-induced, ET-regulated expression of ET signaling and biosynthesis genes. Coupled with the observation of massive transcriptional derepression in the ET-insensitive background, these results suggest that Nod factor signaling activates ET production to attenuate its own signal. Promoter:β-glucuronidase fusions report ET biosynthesis both in root hairs responding to rhizobium as well as in meristematic tissue during nodule organogenesis and growth, indicating that ET signaling functions at multiple developmental stages during symbiosis. In addition, we identified thousands of novel candidate genes undergoing Nod factor-dependent, ET-regulated expression. We leveraged the power of this large data set to model Nod factor- and ET-regulated signaling networks using MERLIN, a regulatory network inference algorithm. These analyses predict key nodes regulating the biological process impacted by Nod factor perception. We have made these results available to the research community through a searchable online resource.</P>

Elucidating the symbiotic signaling networks in Medicago truncatula

Hyun Ju Hwang,Mi Jin Oh,Man Ki Kim,Brendan K. Riely,Douglas R. Cook,Jeong Hwan Mun 한국육종학회 2011 한국육종학회 학술발표회 발표요지 Vol.43 No.-

The Impact of Cigarette Smoking on the Frequency of and Qualitative Differences in KRAS Mutations in Korean Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma

김혜련,이진구,하상준,남기창,라선영,김주항,조병철,안정륜,방두희,홍윤경,김선미,Ross A. Soo,Gregory J. Riely 연세대학교의과대학 2013 Yonsei medical journal Vol.54 No.4

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the relationship of cigarette smoking to the frequency and qualitative differences among KRAS mutations in lung adenocarcinomas from Korean patients. Materials and Methods: Detailed smoking histories were obtained from 200 consecutively enrolled patients with lung adenocarcinoma according to a standard protocol. EGFR (exons 18 to 21) and KRAS (codons 12/13) mutations were determined via direct-sequencing. Results:The incidence of KRAS mutations was 8% (16 of 200) in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. KRAS mutations were found in 5.8% (7 of 120) of tumors from never-smokers, 15% (6 of 40) from former-smokers, and 7.5% (3 of 40) from current-smokers. The frequency of KRAS mutations did not differ significantly according to smoking history (p=0.435). Never-smokers were significantly more likely than former or current smokers to have a transition mutation (G→A or C→T) rather than a transversion mutation (G→T or G→C) that is known to be smoking-related (p=0.011). In a Cox regression model, the adjusted hazard ratios for the risk of progression with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) were 0.24 (95% CI, 0.14-0.42; p<0.001) for the EGFR mutation and 1.27 (95% CI, 0.58-2.79; p=0.537) for the KRAS mutation. Conclusion:Cigarette smoking did not influence the frequency of KRAS mutations in lung adenocarcinomas in Korean patients, but influenced qualitative differences in the KRAS mutations.

Whole transcriptome analysis during early symbiotic signaling in Medicago truncatula

Hyun-Ju Hwang,Sang Cheol Kim,Mijin Oh,Sin-Gi Park,Hee-Ju Yu,Brendan Riely,Douglas Cook,Jeong-Hwan Mun,Gang-Seob Lee 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07

Legume and rhizobia symbiosis plays an important role in conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen to ammonia. On a global scale, thin interaction represent a key entry point for reduced nitrogen into the biosphere, and as a consequence this symbiosis in important in both natural and agricultural systems. Symbiotic development of nodule organ in triggered by chito-oligosaccharide signals(Nod factors) from the bacterium which are perceived by the legume root. Understanding the molecular and cellular processes that underlie Nod factor perception is one focus of legume biology. Although forward genetics has proved to be an important tool to elucidate key players in Nod factor perception, we still know relatively little regarding the functional networks of genes and proteins that connect the earliest steps of Nod factor perception to immediate downstream outcomes. To identify genes and proteins that link Nod factor perception to cellular and physiological responses we are taking a discovery-based strategy on large-scale transcriptome profiling using RNA sequencing in the roots of Medicago truncatula in response to Sinorhizobium meliloti. Functional characterization of a number of candidate genes is currently in progress to further examine their role in nodulation.

A rare case of Ewing sarcoma metastasis to the oral cavity

Schulz, Rieli Elis,de Lima, Matheus Henrique Alves,Lopes, Rodrigo Nascimento,Pinto, Clovis Antonio Lopes,Nicolau, Ulisses Ribaldo,Araujo, Juliane Piragine Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.2

Ewing sarcoma in the head and neck is rare, and metastasis from other bones to the mandible accounts for 0.7% of cases. This report presents a case of oral metastasis in a 24-year-old male patient diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma of the femur (p53 gene mutation and EWSR1-ERG fusion). The chief complaint was numbness in the mandible and pain for 1 month and a hardened, ulcerated exophytic lesion in the right retromolar region. Imaging exams revealed an unspecified thinning of the cortical bone of the inferior alveolar canal in the right mandibular ramus, associated with erosion of the alveolar bone. Histopathological analysis confirmed metastasis of Ewing sarcoma. The patient presented an aggressive disease progression and died 1 month after the oral diagnosis. It is important to recognize the signs and symptoms compatible with rare clinical outcomes, leading to an early diagnosis that can improve patients' quality of life and survival.

Anticholinesterase and Anticalaleptic Effects of Instant Coffee

Daniele O. Köhn,Graziella Rigueira Molska,Lyvia Izaura Gomes de Paula-Freire,Giuseppina Negri,Elisaldo Araújo Carlini,Fúlvio Rieli Mendes 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.10

Epidemiologic studies suggest an inverse correlation between coffee consumption and the occurrence ofneurodegenerative diseases, but the role of caffeine and roasting degree are still matter of debate. The objective of this workwas to evaluate the effects of caffeinated (light, medium, and dark roast) and decaffeinated instant coffee samples inacetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibition and antioxidant assays, as well as in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Caffeinatedcoffees inhibited the AchE in much smaller concentrations than decaffeinated coffee. All coffee samples showed antioxidantcapacity without relation with the caffeine content. Blockade in the haloperidol-induced catalepsy was observed with caffeinatedcoffee, but not in the decaffeinated sample. The medium-roast coffee reduced the number of rotations of rats aftermethamphetamine administration on the 6-hydroxydopamine unilateral lesion of the medial forebrain bundle. However, thecoffee treatment did not avoid the loss of dopaminergic neurons on substantia nigra pars compact and only the smallest dose ofcoffee was able to avoid the decrease of dopamine levels in the lesioned side of the striatum. Altogether, these results suggestthat coffee exerts moderate pro-cholinergic and pro-dopaminergic effects and caffeine seems to be the main factor responsiblefor these effects.