Laser beam decontamination of metallic surfaces with a pulsed (150 W) Nd:YAG laser

Reinecke Anne-Maria,Acker Margret,Taut Steffen,Herrmann Marion,Lippmann Wolfgang,Hurtado Antonio 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.11

Laser decontamination of radioactive surfaces is an innovative technology. Our contribution to improving this technology includes studies on laser beam decontamination with a pulsed laser of an average power of 150 W, equipped with a hand guided working head. Our investigations are focused on metallic surfaces typical in nuclear power plants, such as stainless steel, bright and rusted mild steel, galvanized steel, and painted steel. As typical nuclides of contaminated surfaces we chose Co-60 and Cs-137, the most frequently occurring nuclides in many nuclear plant components; Sr-85 as a representative of Sr-90, the potentially most harmful fission nuclide; and Am-241 as a representative of the minor alpha-radiation emitting actinides. Here, we present our results of decontamination and recovery ratios. Decontamination ratios of 90–100% were achieved on different surfaces

Laser beam sintering of thin alumina coatings on metals

A.-M.Reinecke,H.Exner,M.Nieher 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2002 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.3 No.2

This paper is focussed on introducing technology and results of a laser sintering process. Laser beam sintering of alumina coatings on metals was investigated as a part of a joint project carried out by the Fraunhofer IKTS Dresden and the Laserinstitut Mittelsachsen e.V. (Laser Institute of Middle Saxony, LIM). The IKTS team developed a method for deposing alumina powder on a metal surface by electrophoretic deposition. The powder layer was characterised by a grain size of about 200 nm and a high density. These properties enable a sintering temperature below the metal’s melting point. The LIM group developed a technology for sintering the powder layer by laser beam. The results achieved were very promising. The layer of a thickness of about 10 µm adhered well and had a low porosity and high hardness. Applications based on this technology are expected in several branches.

COMBINED ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR LWR CONTAINMENT PHENOMENA

Allelein, Hans-Josef,Reinecke, Ernst-Arndt,Belt, Alexander,Broxtermann, Philipp,Kelm, Stephan Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.3

Main focus of the combined nuclear research activities at Aachen University (RWTH) and the Research Center J$\ddot{u}$lich (J$\ddot{U}$LICH) is the experimental and analytical investigation of containment phenomena and processes. We are deeply convinced that reliable simulations for operation, design basis and beyond-design basis accidents of nuclear power plants need the application of so-called lumped-parameter (LP) based codes as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes in an indispensable manner. The LP code being used at our institutions is the GRS code COCOSYS and the CFD tool is ANSYS CFX mostly used in German nuclear research. Both codes are applied for safety analyses especially of beyond design accidents. Focal point of the work is containment thermal-hydraulics, but source term relevant investigations for aerosol and iodine behavior are performed as well. To increase the capability of COCOSYS and CFX detailed models for specific features, e.g. recombiner behavior including chimney effect, building condenser, and wall condensation are developed and validated against facilities at different scales. The close connection between analytical and experimental activities is notable and identifying feature of the RWTH/J$\ddot{U}$LICH activities.

COMBINED ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS FOR LWR CONTAINMENT PHENOMENA

HANS-JOSEF ALLELEIN,ERNST-ARNDT REINECKE,ALEXANDER BELT,PHILIPP BROXTERMANN,STEPHAN KELM 한국원자력학회 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.3

Main focus of the combined nuclear research activities at Aachen University (RWTH) and the Research Center Jich (JICH) is the experimental and analytical investigation of containment phenomena and processes. We are deeply convinced that reliable simulations for operation, design basis and beyond-design basis accidents of nuclear power plants need the application of so-called lumped-parameter (LP) based codes as well as computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes in an indispensable manner. The LP code being used at our institutions is the GRS code COCOSYS and the CFD tool is ANSYS CFX mostly used in German nuclear research. Both codes are applied for safety analyses especially of beyond design accidents. Focal point of the work is containment thermal-hydraulics, but source term relevant investigations for aerosol and iodine behavior are performed as well. To increase the capability of COCOSYS and CFX detailed models for specific features, e.g. recombiner behavior including chimney effect, building condenser, and wall condensation are developed and validated against facilities at different scales. The close connection between analytical and experimental activities is notable and identifying feature of the RWTH/JICH activities.

“A DANGER FORESEEN IS A DANGER AVOIDED.”: HOW THE SOURCE OF AN IDEA INFLUENCES MANAGERS’ EVALUATION BEHAVIOR IN OPEN INNOVATION

Laura Braun,Peter Mathias Fischer,Sven Reinecke 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

The present research deals with the influence of managers’ construal level and anticipatory regret behavior on evaluations of customers’ and employees’ ideas in innovation contexts. While prior research focused on positive outcomes of open innovation, we provide theory and evidence to suggest that managers’ avoidance behavior in idea evaluation processes can result in negative side effects for the assessment of employees’ ideas. We conducted an experiment with 113 managers to reveal that top managers tend to higher creativity ratings of ideas from customers in comparison to identical ideas from employees. Lower level managers showed no difference in their creativity evaluations, but differentiated their feasibility rating in favor for customers’ ideas, whereas top managers did not. Our findings contribute to existing managerial decision making research and provide initial evidence on negative outcomes of open innovation for managers’ evaluation of employees’ ideas.

Absence of Visual Sampling in Infantile Nystagmus

Jin, Yong Han,Goldstein, Herschel P.,Reinecke, Robert D. KJO 1989 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.3 No.1

“DON’T JUDGE A BOOK BY ITS COVER.” HOW BIG DATA CHANGES DECISION PROCESSES OF MARKETING MANAGERS.

Christoph Wortmann,Peter Mathias Fischer,Sven Reinecke 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Digitalization has generated massive amounts of available data sources (Wedel and Kannan 2016). Consequently, firms aim to exploit this additional value – particularly in decision-making (Barton and Court 2012). However, potential misleading consequences of Big Data for companies have not been examined yet – neither in practice nor in research. Addressing this research gap, the current investigation first uncovers questionable managerial outcomes and behaviours generated by Big Data. The results of a first paper-and-pencil experiment show that executives tend to rely on Big Data even in a domain where this may be misleading (i.e., innovation) (Martin and Golsby-Smith 2017). Interestingly, this relationship is found to be particularly evident for top-managers. A second online study does not only replicate the findings in a correlational setting but beyond sheds light on its mechanism. We show that Big Data activates top-executives’ promotion focus leading them to become more risk seeking and egocentric. In study 3, we replicate these findings through experimentation and moderation underlining its robustness. Finally, we detect a lever to avoid that Big Data leads to less defensive decision behaviour (study 4).

CX₃CR1⁺ Macrophages and CD8⁺ T Cells Control Intestinal IgA Production

Kim, Young-In,Song, Joo-Hye,Ko, Hyun-Jeong,Kweon, Mi-Na,Kang, Chang-Yuil,Reinecker, Hans-Christian,Chang, Sun-Young American Association of Immunologists 2018 Journal of Immunology Vol. No.

<P>Secretory IgA is a key host defense mechanism that controls the intestinal microbiota. We investigated the role of CD11c<SUP>+</SUP>CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP>CD64<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages in IgA production in the intestine. Intestinal CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages directly induced IgA secretion by B cells. Ag delivery to lamina propria (LP) CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages specifically induced intestinal IgA production. The induction of IgA by CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages required BAFF, a proliferation-inducing ligand, and TNF-α, but was surprisingly independent of TLR-mediated microbial recognition and retinoic acid signaling. IgA secretion by CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages was enhanced by LP CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells through the secretion of IL-9 and IL-13. CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages and CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells induced IgA production by B cells independently of mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer patches. Our data reveal a previously unrecognized cellular circuitry in which LP CX<SUB>3</SUB>CR1<SUP>+</SUP> macrophages, B cells, and CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells coordinate the protective Ig secretion in the small intestine upon peripheral Ag delivery.</P>

Circulatory Antigen Processing by Mucosal Dendritic Cells Controls CD8⁺ T Cell Activation

Chang, S.Y.,Song, J.H.,Guleng, B.,Cotoner, C.,Arihiro, S.,Zhao, Y.,Chiang, H.S.,O'Keeffe, M.,Liao, G.,Karp, Christopher L.,Kweon, M.N.,Sharpe, Arlene H.,Bhan, A.,Terhorst, C.,Reinecker, H.C. Cell Press 2013 Immunity Vol.38 No.1

Circulatory antigens transit through the small intestine via the fenestrated capillaries in the lamina propria prior to entering into the draining lymphatics. But whether or how this process controls mucosal immune responses remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that dendritic cells (DCs) of the lamina propria can sample and process both circulatory and luminal antigens. Surprisingly, antigen cross-presentation by resident CX3CR1<SUP>+</SUP> DCs induced differentiation of precursor cells into CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells that expressed interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-13, and IL-9 and could migrate into adjacent compartments. We conclude that lamina propria CX3CR1<SUP>+</SUP> DCs facilitate the surveillance of circulatory antigens and act as a conduit for the processing of self- and intestinally absorbed antigens, leading to the induction of CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells, that partake in the control of T cell activation during mucosal immune responses.