An ion exchange mediated shape-preserving strategy for constructing 1-D arrays of porous CoS_1.0365 nanorods for electrocatalytic reduction of triiodide

Patil, Supriya A.,Shinde, Dipak V.,Lim, Iseul,Cho, Keumnam,Bhande, Sambhaji S.,Mane, Rajaram S.,Shrestha, Nabeen K.,Lee, Joong Kee,Yoon, Tae Hyun,Han, Sung-Hwan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.3 No.15

<▼1><P>A solution based ion exchange mediated strategy for constructing 1-D arrays of porous CoS1.0365 nanorod film from analogous 1-D array of Co3O4 film derived from pyrolysis of nanostructured cobalt hydroxycarbonate film.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Based on a coordination chemistry approach, the present work reports on the synthesis of thin films of various cobalt hydroxycarbonate nanostructures such as nanobeams, nanoneedles, and bending nanorods using three different cobalt precursors <I>viz.</I> Cl<SUP>−</SUP>, NO3<SUP>−</SUP> and CH3COO<SUP>−</SUP>. After pyrolysis in air, the hydroxycarbonate nanostructures are transferred into 1-D arrays of Co3O4 nanorods. The obtained 1-D Co3O4 nanostructures are then transformed into the corresponding analogous shaped 1-D arrays of porous cobalt sulfide (CoS1.0365) nanostructures using a wet chemical transformation method based on an ion exchange approach. The nanostructured films before and after the ion exchange reaction are characterized using field emission electron scanning microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) measurements. As a proof-of-concept demonstration for the application, various shaped CoS1.0365 nanorod films synthesized are investigated as a Pt-free counter electrode in dye-sensitized-solar cells (DSSCs). The influence of three different counter anions of the cobalt precursors on the structural, textural, and morphological aspects, and thereby their influence on electronic and electrochemical properties, has been investigated. A correlation among electrical conductivity, charge transfer resistance and electrocatalytic performance of various CoS1.0365 nanorod films obtained from different cobalt precursors has been established. Among the various nanostructures, the thicker nanorod film synthesized using a chloride precursor has demonstrated the best electrocatalytic behavior toward triiodide reduction, which led to a short circuit current density of 18.04 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> and energy conversion efficiency of 7.4% of the DSSC. This photovoltaic performance is highly competitive to a current density of 18.26 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP> and energy conversion efficiency of 7.7% exhibited by the standard Pt counter electrode.</P></▼2>

A simple, room temperature, solid-state synthesis route for metal oxide nanostructures

Patil, Supriya A.,Shinde, Dipak V.,Ahn, Do Young,Patil, Dilip V.,Tehare, Kailas K.,Jadhav, Vijaykumar V.,Lee, Joong K.,Mane, Rajaram S.,Shrestha, Nabeen K.,Han, Sung-Hwan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.33

<P>In this work, we demonstrate an extremely simple but highly effective strategy for the synthesis of various functional metal oxides (MOs) such as ZnO, In2O3, Bi2O3, and SnO2nanoparticles with various distinct shapes at room temperature<I>via</I>a solid-state reaction method. The method involves only mixing and stirring of the corresponding metal salt and NaOH together in the solid phase, which yields highly crystalline metal oxides within 5-10 min of reaction time. The obtained paste can be directly doctor-bladed onto a variety of substrates for photoelectrochemical applications. The crystal structure and surface composition of the MOs are obtained by X-ray diffraction patterns, energy dispersive analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The surface morphology is confirmed from the scanning electron microscopy surface photo-images. The surface area and pore size distribution are studied by the N2adsorption method. As a proof-of-concept demonstration for the application, ZnO nanoplate structures are envisaged in DSSCs as photoanodes, which enables us to obtain excellent photovoltaic properties with a power conversion efficiency of 5%. The proposed method does not require a sophisticated instrumental setup or harsh conditions, and the method is easily scalable. Hence, it can be applied for the cost-effective and large-scale production of MO nanoparticles with high crystallinity.</P>

An Explainable Deep Learning Approach for Oral Cancer Detection

Babu P. Ashok,Rai Anjani Kumar,Ramesh Janjhyam Venkata Naga,Nithyasri A.,Sangeetha S.,Kshirsagar Pravin R.,Rajendran A.,Rajaram A.,Dilipkumar S. 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.3

With a high death rate, oral cancer is a major worldwide health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. Timely detection and diagnosis are crucial for efective prevention and treatment. To address this challenge, there is a growing need for automated detection systems to aid healthcare professionals. Regular dental examinations play a vital role in early detection. Transfer learning, which leverages knowledge from related domains, can enhance performance in target categories. This study presents a unique approach to the early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer that makes use of the exceptional sensory capabilities of the mouth. Deep neural networks, particularly those based on automated systems, are employed to identify intricate patterns associated with the disease. By combining various transfer learning approaches and conducting comparative analyses, an optimal learning rate is achieved. The categorization analysis of the reference results is presented in detail. Our preliminary fndings demonstrate that deep learning efectively addresses this challenging problem, with the Inception-V3 algorithm exhibiting superior accuracy compared to other algorithms.

Room-temperature successive ion transfer chemical synthesis and the efficient acetone gas sensor and electrochemical energy storage applications of Bi₂O₃ nanostructures

Shinde, Pritamkumar V.,Ghule, Balaji G.,Shinde, Nanasaheb M.,Xia, Qi Xun,Shaikh, Shoyebmohamad,Sarode, A. V.,Mane, Rajaram S.,Kim, Kwang Ho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 New journal of chemistry Vol.42 No.15

<P>The acetone gas sensor and electrochemical supercapacitor applications of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanostructures, synthesised using a facile and cost-effective quaternary-beaker mediated successive ion transfer wet chemical method and deposited onto soda-lime-glass (SLG) and Ni-foam substrates, respectively, are explored. The as-deposited Bi2O3 nanostructures on these substrates exhibit polycrystalline nature and a slight change in their surface appearance (<I>i.e.</I> upright-standing nanoplates on SLG and a curvy nanosheet structure on Ni-foam), suggesting the importance of the deposition substrate in developing Bi2O3 morphologies. The Bi2O3 nanoplate gas sensor on the SGL demonstrated a room temperature sensitivity of 41%@100 ppm for acetone gas, whereas the nanosheet structure of Bi2O3 on the Ni-foam elucidated a specific capacitance of 402 F g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 2 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, long-term cyclability, and rate capability with moderate chemical and environmental stability in a 6 M KOH electrolyte solution. The Bi2O3//graphite pencil-type asymmetric supercapacitor device revealed a specific capacitance as high as 43 F g<SUP>−1</SUP>, and an energy density of 13 W h kg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 793 W kg<SUP>−1</SUP> power density, turning a light emitting diode ON, with considerable full-brightness light intensity, during the process of discharging.</P>

Improved Photoelectrochemical Cell Performance of Tin Oxide with Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes–Cadmium Selenide Sensitizer

Bhande, Sambhaji S.,Ambade, Rohan B.,Shinde, Dipak V.,Ambade, Swapnil B.,Patil, Supriya A.,Naushad, Mu.,Mane, Rajaram S.,Alothman, Z. A.,Lee, Soo-Hyoung,Han, Sung-Hwan American Chemical Society 2015 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.7 No.45

<P>Here we report functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (<I>f</I>-MWCNTs)–CdSe nanocrystals (NCs) as photosensitizer in photoelectrochemical cells, where <I>f</I>-MWCNTs were uniformly coated with CdSe NCs onto SnO<SUB>2</SUB> upright standing nanosheets by using a simple electrodeposition method. The resultant blended photoanodes demonstrate extraordinary electrochemical properties including higher Stern–Volmer constant, higher absorbance, and positive quenching, etc., caused by more accessibility of CdSe NCs compared with pristine SnO<SUB>2</SUB>–CdSe photoanode. Atomic and weight percent changes of carbon with <I>f</I>-MWCNTs blending concentrations were confirmed from the energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The morphology images show a uniform coverage of CdSe NCs over <I>f</I>-MWCNTs forming a core–shell type structure as a blend. Compared to pristine CdSe, photoanode with <I>f</I>-MWCNTs demonstrated a 257% increase in overall power conversion efficiency. Obtained results were corroborated by the electrochemical impedance analysis. Higher scattering, more accessibility, and hierarchical structure of SnO<SUB>2</SUB>-<I>f</I>-MWCNTs-blend–CdSe NCs photoanode is responsible for higher (a) electron mobility (6.89 × 10<SUP>–4</SUP> to 10.89 × 10<SUP>–4</SUP> cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> S<SUP>1–</SUP>), (b) diffusion length (27 × 10<SUP>–6</SUP>), (c) average electron lifetime (32.2 ms), and transit time (1.15 ms).</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2015/aamick.2015.7.issue-45/acsami.5b05385/production/images/medium/am-2015-05385e_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am5b05385'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

An Improved Optimization Technique for Energy Harvesting System with Grid connected Power for Green House Management

Rajaram A.,Sathiyaraj K. 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.5

In recent days, the electricity demand is increased day by day. For reducing this fact, various sustainable resources are used. The sustainable sources used with grid-connected power for supplying external power to the user. Green house harvesting system makes the effi cient harvesting and those are far from locality and off shore aqua farms. Conventional method uses wireless sensor network and RFIDs. This increased the design complexity and also increases the power loss. The existing optimization method used in this application is that Stochastic Tunnelling Particle Swarm Optimization Technique (ST-PSO). Novelty of this work implemented to enhance the performance by quantum tunnelling PSO on energy harvesting system and the hybrid resource always supply the power to the grid. Here the proposed research works on grid connected harvesting model extracts the energy from solar array and electromagnetic waves with RECTENNA. Here the rectifying antenna used to convert electromagnetic waves into the electrical energy and the PV generates power by changing irradiance and temperature. Here the optimization technique uses the Quantum Tunnelling Particle swarm optimization (QT-PSO) algorithm, which is eff ectively performed in PV based applications. This quantum tunnelling method is to converter the electromagnetic wave into DC power source, which is given to the grid-connected power generation circuits and it optimizes the result of energy harvesting system. The grid connected power system is used to supply the power without loss. Therefore, the proposed energy harvesting system is better than conventional systems by reducing power loss. The proposed research work is implemented in MATLAB and the model is done by SIMULINK.

A Coupled-Optimization Based Master Node Selection and Path Finding on Mobile Ad Hoc Network for Smart Environment Monitoring

Suganya Sri S.,Rajaram A. 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.3

The master node selection in the existing work is solely dependent on the energy of the node. The enhanced fower pollination algorithm is employed in this case to choose the master node based on its energy and load. The modifed cuckoo search method is then used to choose the routing path. The routing path is determined by the characteristics of active nodes, and it is implemented using a cluster-based path allocation approach that uses the AODV protocol to optimize the precise path of mobile ad hoc nodes. The experimental fndings indicate clustering, optimization-based path selection, packet loss rate, transmission efciency, and packet delivery rate. By comparing it to current and proposed work, the proposed path allocation on mobile sensor node optimizes the routing way with better master node selection approach to improve performance results.

Density based Multiclass Support Vector Machine using IoT driven Service Oriented Architecture for Predicting Cervical Cancer

Sakthi A,Rajaram M 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.11

Cervical Cancer stands out among those deadliest diseases, which threatens women in an alarming rate causing approximately 2, 66,000 mortalities per annum worldwide. This cancer can be diagnosed early enough through Pap smear test; a cervical cancer screening program. Finding out the true positive rates of the Cervical Cancer cells with precision is more complex when identifying the same categories of the cancer disease. Various researchers have proposed many approaches over the past four decades and the solutions are pertinent to cervical cancer; however, the challenge remains partially unresolved. The significant contribution of this paper is in two folds, firstly discuss a cloud ready Adapter Driven Service Oriented Architecture (RESPRO 3.0), developed by us for automated screening of Pap Smear can be extended to any International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Secondly, present an Internet of Things (IoT) driven Cervical Cancer prediction adapter built for RESPRO 3.0 based on Density based Multiclass Support Vector Machines (MCSVM) in combination with Polynomial Kernel Trick. The density parameters provide unique space in identifying cervical cancer cell categories compared to exising researches. This cloud solution’s results are bench marked and verified against cyto technician’s ground truth results, found to be highly satisfactory with respect to 93% Sensitivity and 99% Specificity while minimizing test repeatability ratio for the supervised training set of images.

Effect of a deposition container on the nanostructural growth and DSSC application of rutile TiO2

Tehare, Kailas K.,Zate, Manohar K.,Bhande, Sambhaji S.,Patil, Supriya A.,Gaikwad, Sanjay L.,Yoon, Seong Joon,Mane, Rajaram S.,Lee, Soo-Hyoung,Han, Sung-Hwan The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.2

Improved NEH-Heuristic Job Scheduling for An Optimal System Using Meta-Heuristic GA–INSMG

Jeeva Rathanam G,Dr. A. Rajaram 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.7

The application of simulation-optimization technique is merged with viable reality for computation of the scheduling process in a cloud environment. The optical systems are needed to be scheduled for requirement satisfaction of IOT (Internet of Things) services and demand services of QoS. Normally in the rule based scheduling algorithm are widely used to schedule the sequence process efficiently. The significance of environmental factors is simulated with meta-heuristics scheduling and processed under an accurate hypothesis of stochastic processing. In order to overcome the issues of scheduling a heuristic approach is proposed with the function to obtain a feasible high quality scheduling solution. The proposed heuristic algorithm, named INSMG, is performed and analyzed with the other heuristic algorithm. The analysis result shows the proposed algorithm efficiency and possible alternative for solving scheduling issues. This paper aims to provide a more possibilities of sequences, minimize makespan and solutions to solve the scheduling problems. Moreover the scheduling process is evaluated by the improved meta-heuristic GA for better schedules to prove the efficiency and better performances than the existing system.