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Hiroaki Sato,Natsuki Tabe 국립중앙과학관 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.16 No.3
We describe a new leafminer, Phyllonorycter quintinipponicella Sato sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae:Lithocolletinae), of an evergreen oak, Quercus phillyreoides A. Gray (Fagaceae), from Japan. This species istetravoltine, overwintering as larvae in mines without diapause. It belongs to the P. nipponicella complexassociated with oaks. As a result, this complex consists of five species (the others are P. acutissimae(Kumata), P. nipponicella (Issiki), P. similis Kumata, and P. persimilis Fujihara, Sato & Kumata), which arealmost indistinguishable from each other in appearance. Nevertheless, the new species can be sharplydistinguished from the others by the pupal cremaster as well as male genitalia, but not by the femalegenitalia. In addition, P. quintinipponicella larvae, unlike those of the other species, do not form the frassinto a pile but leave it loose in the mine. Molecular analysis based on sequences of mitochondrial cy tochrome c oxidase subunit I showed that the new species is genetically distinct from the others. Theirhost-plant ranges indicated that evolutionary divergence in the complex should be linked to that of hostoaks. Further genetic and ecological studies are needed to clarify the evolutionary history of theP. nipponicella complex in combination with oak divergence.