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Estimation of sorting efficiency and material flow in combined type anaerobic digestion facility
( Naruhiro Tsuboi ),( Toshihiko Matsuto ),( Takayuki Matsuo ),( Yasumasa Tojo ),( In-hee Hwang ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2018 한국폐기물자원순환학회 심포지움 Vol.2018 No.1
Under the pressure of low carbon society, combined system of anaerobic digestion (AD) and incineration is getting popularity. In this system, after shredding process, mixed waste is separated into two fractions of waste for AD and incineration, then solid residue from AD is transferred to incineration (Fig.1). In this study, material separation efficiency in separation process was estimated in currently operating Nantan Clean Center in Hyogo prefecture. Samples are taken at the point after separation as shown in Fig.1 (points of S), both from storage pit for AD and incinerator. Samples are first dried at 60 degree Celsius until no significant decrease of weight is observed. Dried samples were separated into composition: paper, textile, plastic, and mixed material (mainly food waste), and others. Each sample was determined for combustibles, TOC, oxygen consumption and BMP (bio methane potential). Fig.2 shows separation of composition by the separator, in wet and dry basis. These values were estimated by multiplying recorded weight fed into AD and incinerator with composition. Moisture and residue are well separated into AD waste. Most of biodegradable material are considered to separate into AD waste as shown by broken lien. In Fig.3, biodegradable carbon was compared with TC (total carbon) for each component in dry basis. Residue and paper show high degradation rate, but it reach only50-60 percent. Textile and plastics contain biodegradable carbon due to contaminating food material. As a result of low biodegradability of residue and paper and contribution of textile and plastics, transfer rate of biodegradable carbon is estimated 70 percent, which is smaller than the rate shown in composition, a沒 shown in Fig.4.
Biophysical Model Including a Potentially Lethal Damage Repair Parameter in Fractionated Carbon Beam
Choi Eunae,Yoon Myonggeun,Suzuki Masao,Matsufuji Naruhiro,Jung Wonguyn 한국물리학회 2020 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.77 No.2
The amount of potentially lethal damage repair (PLDR) is a significant factor in the process of modeling the survival curves of cells irradiated with fractionated carbon beams. Because the amount of PLDR generally depends on the features of the cells and the linear energy transfer (LET), the amount of PLDR of cells irradiated with fractionated carbon beams shows distinct differences from that of cells irradiated with X-rays. This study considered a new parameter dependent on the correlation between the PLDR trait (T) of the cells over a time interval (Δ) at the fractionated carbon beam irradiation. The survival curves of the cells irradiated with fractionated carbon beams n times were predicted using the ζ and the Ψ values from the delay assay. This study aims to overcome the barriers of traditional methods by developing a new survival curve model with new parameters based on an analysis of the PLDR traits of cells over time interval in fractionated carbon beam irradiation and to suggest a model that produces results significantly closer to the experimental data.
Hirata, Yuho,Watanabe, Kenichi,Uritani, Akira,Yamazaki, Atsushi,Koba, Yusuke,Matsufuji, Naruhiro The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.3
Background: We are developing a small size dosimeter for dose estimation in particle therapies. The developed dosimeter is an optical fiber based dosimeter mounting an radiation induced luminescence material, such as an OSL or a scintillator, at a tip. These materials generally suffer from the quenching effect under high LET particle irradiation. Materials and Methods: We fabricated two types of the small size dosimeters. They used an OSL material Eu:BaFBr and a BGO scintillator. Carbon ions were irradiated into the fabricated dosimeters at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC). The small size dosimeters were set behind the water equivalent acrylic phantom. Bragg peak was observed by changing the phantom thickness. An ion chamber was also placed near the small size dosimeters as a reference. Results and Discussion: Eu:BaFBr and BGO dosimeters showed a Bragg peak at the same thickness as the ion chamber. Under high LET particle irradiation, the response of the luminescence-based small size dosimeters deteriorated compared with that of the ion chamber due to the quenching effect. We confirmed the luminescence efficiency of Eu:BaFBr and BGO decrease with the LET. The reduction coefficient of luminescence efficiency was different between the BGO and the Eu:BaFBr. The LET can be determined from the luminescence ratio between Eu:BaFBr and BGO, and the dosimeter response can be corrected. Conclusion: We evaluated the LET dependence of the luminescence efficiency of the BGO and Eu:BaFBr as the quenching effect. We propose and discuss the correction of the quenching effect using the signal intensity ratio of the both materials. Although the correction precision is not sufficient, feasibility of the proposed correction method is proved through basic experiments.
Itashiki, Yutaro,Imahayashi, Youichi,Shigyo, Nobuhiro,Uozumi, Yusuke,Satoh, Daiki,Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi,Sanami, Toshiya,Koba, Yusuke,Matsufuji, Naruhiro The Korean Association for Radiation Protection 2016 방사선방어학회지 Vol.41 No.4
Background: Carbon ion therapy has achieved satisfactory results. However, patients have a risk to get a secondary cancer. In order to estimate the risk, it is essential to understand particle transportation and nuclear reactions in the patient's body. The particle transport Monte Carlo simulation code is a useful tool to understand them. Since the code validation for heavy ion incident reactions is not enough, the experimental data of the elementary reaction processes are needed. Materials and Methods: We measured neutron production double-differential cross-sections (DDXs) on a carbon bombarded with 430 MeV/nucleon carbon beam at PH2 beam line of HIMAC facility in NIRS. Neutrons produced in the target were measured with NE213 liquid organic scintillators located at six angles of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and $90^{\circ}$. Results and Discussion: Neutron production double-differential cross-sections for carbon bombarded with 430 MeV/nucleon carbon ions were measured by the time-of-flight method with NE213 liquid organic scintillators at six angles of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and $90^{\circ}$. The cross sections were obtained from 1 MeV to several hundred MeV. The experimental data were compared with calculated results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation codes PHITS, Geant4, and FLUKA. Conclusion: PHITS was able to reproduce neutron production for elementary processes of carbon-carbon reaction precisely the best of three codes.