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Construction of Expression Vectors for the High Level Expression in Actinomycetes
Lamichhane, Tek Narayan,Lamichhane, Rajan,Lee, Hei Chan,Liou, Kwangkyoung,Sohng, Jae Kyung 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1
Two expression vectors pIBR100 and pIBR20 were constructed for the high level expression in actinomycetes. The pathway specific gene (actII-ORF4) present in pIBR100 along with bi-directional Pact promoter helps to regulate the expression of different genes in actinomycetes. The act promoter, associated RBS, and His-tag were kept at the upstream of the multiple cloning sitcs. Similarly in pIBR20, a strong constitutive promoter ermE* was cloned along with suitable multiple cloning sites with His-tag. It is a bi-replicate origin vector, which can be used for the expression in both E. coli and actinomycetes. The use of the vector system provides the means for overexpression of several Streptomyces genes and provides a ground for the development of several bioactive materials.
Real-World Treatment Patterns among Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer in South Korea
Gebra Cuyun Carter,Anna Kaltenboeck,Jasmina Ivanova,Astra M Liepa,Alexandra San Roman,Maria Koh,Narayan Rajan,Rebecca Cheng,Howard G. Birnbaum,김종석,방영주 대한암학회 2017 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.49 No.3
Purpose The purpose of this study was to understand patient treatment patterns, outcomes, and healthcare resource use in cases of metastatic and/or locally recurrent, unresectable gastric cancer (MGC) in South Korea. Materials and Methods Thirty physicians reviewed charts of eligible patients to collect de-identified data. Patients must have received platinum/fluoropyrimidine first-line therapy followed by second-line therapy or best supportive care, had no other primary cancer, and not participated in a clinical trial following MGC diagnosis. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Kaplan- Meier analysis was used to describe survival. Results Of 198 patients, 73.7% were male, 78.3% were diagnosed with MGC after age 55 (mean, 61.3 years), and 47.0% were current or former smokers. The majority of tumors were located in the antrum/pylorus (51.5%). Metastatic sites most often occurred in the peritoneum (53.5%), lymph nodes (47.5%), and liver (38.9%). At diagnosis, the mean Charlson comorbidity index was 0.4 (standard deviation, 0.6). The most common comorbidities were chronic gastritis (22.7%) and cardiovascular disease (18.7%). Most patients (80.3%) received second- line treatment. Single-agent fluoropyrimidine was reported for 22.0% of patients, while 19.5% were treated with irinotecan and a fluoropyrimidine or platinum agent. The most common physician-reported symptoms during second-line treatment were nausea/vomiting (44.7%) and pain (11.3%), with antiemetics (44.7%), analgesics (36.5%), and nutritional support (11.3%) most often used as supportive care. Two-thirds of inpatient hospitalizations were for chemotherapy infusion. Outpatient hospitalization (31.6%) and visits to the oncologist (58.8%) were common among second-line patients. Conclusion Most patients received second-line treatment, although regimens varied. Understanding MGC patient characteristics and treatment patterns in South Korea will help address unmet needs.