Haplotype Analysis of BRCA1 Gene D17S855 and D17S1322 Markers in Iranian Familial Breast Cancer Patients

Miresmaeili, Sayed Mohsen,Tamandani, Dor Mohammad Kordi,Kalantar, Seyed Mehdi,Moshtaghiun, Seyed Mohammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.7

Background: Breast cancer molecular analysis by linkage analysis has the advantage of facilitating early diagnosis in asymptomatic genetic carriers, with a view to the preventive follow-up of these subjects and genetic counseling. The aim of this study was to evaluate BRCA1 gene D17S855 and D17S1322 markers in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: A series of 85 BC patients and 85 unrelated healthy women were recruited for haplotype analysis performed using two short tandem repeat markers located within the BRCA1 gene locus. Each marker was amplified with PCR genomic DNA from each individual and fluorescently end-labeled primers. Results: Both D17S855 and D17S1322 markers included 12 kinds of alleles. Results indicate that most of the BC patients shared two common 121-150 (11.2%, RR=1.56 and p=0.02) and 121-146 (5.6%, RR=1.9 and p=0.02) haplotypes. Conclusions: Our results should be helpful to understand the haplotype phase in the BRCA1 gene and establish a genetic screening strategy in the Iranian population.

Three-dimensional analysis of the distal movement of maxillary 1st molars in patients fitted with mini-implant-aided trans-palatal arches

Amirfarhang Miresmaeili,Ahmad Sajedi,Abbas Moghimbeigi,Nasrin Farhadian 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.5

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate three-dimensional molar displacement after distalization via miniscrews and a horizontal modification of the trans-palatal-arch (TPA). Methods: The subjects in this clinical trial were 26 Class II patients. After the preparation of a complete set of diagnostic records, miniscrews were inserted between the maxillary 2nd premolar and 1st molar on the palatal side. Elastic modules connected to the TPA exerting an average force of 150?200 g/side parallel to the occlusal plane were applied. Cone-beam computed tomography was utilized to evaluate the position of the miniscrews relative to the adjacent teeth and maxillary sinus, and the direction of force relative to molar furcation. The distances from the central point of the incisive papilla to the mesiopalatal cusps of the 1st maxillary molars and the distances between the mesiopalatal cusps of the left and right molars were measured to evaluate displacement of the maxillary molars on the horizontal plane. Interocclusal space was used to evaluate vertical changes. Results: Mean maxillary 1st molar distalization was 2.3 ± 1.1 mm, at a rate of 0.4 ± 0.2 mm/month, and rotation was not significant. Intermolar width increased by 2.9 ± 1.8 mm. Molars were intruded relative to the neighboring teeth, from 0.1 to 0.8 mm. Conclusions: Distalization of molars was possible without extrusion, using the appliance investigated. The intrusive component of force reduced the rate of distal movement.

An Uncoupled Crystal Plasticity-Transient Hydrogen Diffusion Analysis to Investigate the Effect of Crystallographic Orientation on Hydrogen Redistributions

Reza Miresmaeili,Hirofumi Notsu,Nicolas Saintier,Jean-Marc Olive,Hiroshi Kanayama 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.3

Investigation of Surface Nanostructuring, Mechanical Performance and Deformation Mechanisms of AISI 316L Stainless Steel Treated by Surface Mechanical Impact Treatment

Milad Rostami,Reza Miresmaeili,Asghar Heydari Astaraee 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.4

Nanostructured materials exhibit superior properties with respect to their bulk counterpart. Recently, a new processingmethod for surface nanostructuring of metallic materials called surface mechanical impact treatment (SMIT) was developed. In this study, the surface microstructural features due to the refinement process of AISI 316L stainless steel by means ofSMIT and subsequent mechanical performance were investigated. The effects of SMIT processing parameters, i.e. ball sizeand treatment duration, were studied in terms of microstructural evolutions using X-ray diffraction, transmission electronmicroscopy, optical microscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscopy analyses, and mechanical propertiesthrough hardness and tensile tests. A gradient nanostructured surface layer was successfully formed on the surface of thetreated samples. The mean grain size was measured to be ~ 20 nm in the topmost surface layer and increased with increasingdepth. Microstructural examinations showed that the twins and their intersections (rhombic blocks) formed in the surfacelayers. It was found that the mechanical performance of the treated samples is effectively enhanced. The surface hardnessof the treated samples increased about 3 times while the yield strength of the samples increased with increasing SMIT timeand size of the ball up to 2.5 times. The grain refinement mechanisms, mechanical properties, and fracture behavior weresubsequently analyzed and discussed.

Morphometric analysis of the inter-mastoid triangle for sex determination: Application of statistical shape analysis

Sobhani, Farshad,Salemi, Fatemeh,Miresmaeili, Amirfarhang,Farhadian, Maryam Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.2

Purpose: Sex determination can be done by morphological analysis of different parts of the body. The mastoid region, with its anatomical location at the skull base, is ideal for sex identification. Statistical shape analysis provides a simultaneous comparison of geometric information on different shapes in terms of size and shape features. This study aimed to investigate the geometric morphometry of the inter-mastoid triangle as a tool for sex determination in the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: The coordinates of 5 landmarks on the mastoid process on the 80 cone-beam computed tomographic images(from individuals aged 17-70 years, 52.5% female) were registered and digitalized. The Cartesian x-y coordinates were acquired for all landmarks, and the shape information was extracted from the principal component scores of generalized Procrustes fit. The t-test was used to compare centroid size. Cross-validated discriminant analysis was used for sex determination. The significance level for all tests was set at 0.05. Results: There was a significant difference in the mastoid size and shape between males and females(P<0.05). The first 2 components of the Procrustes shape coordinates explained 91.3% of the shape variation between the sexes. The accuracy of the discriminant model for sex determination was 88.8%. Conclusion: The application of morphometric geometric techniques will significantly impact forensic studies by providing a comprehensive analysis of differences in biological forms. The results demonstrated that statistical shape analysis can be used as a powerful tool for sex determination based on a morphometric analysis of the inter-mastoid triangle.

Effect of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties and Fracture Toughness of API X65 Pipeline Steel in the Presence of Hydrogen

Meysam Ranjbar,Reza Miresmaeili,Mohammad Reza Naimi‑Jamal,Majid Mirzaei 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.10

This study investigated the influence of microstructure on the mechanical properties and fracture toughness of API X65pipeline steel in the presence of hydrogen. In this study, electrochemical method was used for hydrogen charging and indentationtechnique was applied to obtain the fracture toughness. The results showed that in the presence of hydrogen, elongation(EL%), reduction of area (RA), ductile fracture percentage, and fracture toughness of all microstructures decreased. Themicrostructure of martensite (M) + bainite (B) + ferrite (F), had the highest hydrogen trapping and uptake (Capp) as 8.58 × 10–6 mol cm−3 and the lowest apparent hydrogen diffusivity (Dapp) as 5.68 × 10−10 m2 s−1; thus, the maximum decrements of33% in fracture toughness, 40% in ductile fracture percentage, 47% in RA, and 35% in EL% were observed. However, themicrostructure of ferrite (F) + degenerated perlite (DP) + martensite-austenite micro constituent (M/A), where the lowestvalue of 5.85 × 10–6 mol cm−3 for Cappand the highest value of 8.5 × 10–10 m2 s−1 for Dapphad the minimum decrements as2% in fracture toughness, 10% in ductile fracture percentage, 4% in RA, and 7% in El%. According to the obtained results,depending on the type of microstructures, hydrogen-induced work softening or hardening were observed by decreasing orincreasing the yield stress respectively.

Effects of a Novel Severe Plastic Deformation Approach on Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics of a Medium Manganese Advanced High Strength Steel

Mina Dehghan,Reza Miresmaeili,Mohsen Askari‑Paykani,Hamid Reza Shahverdi 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.5

A novel severe plastic deformation is carried out on a medium Mn advanced high strength steel (AHSS) at both room andcryogenic temperatures which is called surface mechanical impact treatment (SMIT). After characterization, utilizing thedesign of experiment (DOE) program, it is obtained that how the SMIT parameters including time, voltage, and, shot diameteraffect the tensile test results of SMITed samples at room temperature (RT-SMITed). Microhardness profiles of SMITedsamples at cryogenic temperature (CT-SMITed) show more increase in microhardness than RT-SMITed ones up to thecenter of specimens. Additionally, the yield strength of CT-SMITed and RT-SMITed samples increases by 84% and 28% onaverage, respectively. The formation of mechanical twins, slip bands and, rhombic blocks improve both the microhardnessand yield strength of treated samples. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of all treated specimens decreases sharply (35%in RT-SMITed and 32% in CT-SMITed samples). According to DOE results, UTS has a negative correlation with voltageand based on fracture surface images, brittle fracture configurations increases with increasing voltage. The reason for thisobservation could be the precracks formed due to the deformation of detected MnS precipitates and the possibility of themartensite phase cracking during the SMIT process.

Investigation on the Creep Behavior of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation

Iraj Khoubrou,Bahram Nami,Seyyed Mehdi Miresmaeili 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.2

This paper describes the grain refnement due to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and the creep properties of theECAP-processed AZ91 magnesium alloy. The resulting microstructure and creep properties were examined by scanningelectron microscope and impression creep test method. Microstructural evolution reveals that the grains were refned to14 µm after four ECAP passes at 628 K, following route Bc. The creep tests were carried out under stresses in the range of35 to 95 MPa at temperatures in the range of 538 to 583 K. Based on a power law between the impression rate and stress,the stress exponents were about 2 and the activation energies were about 129 kJ/mol, which are close to that for lattice difusion of magnesium. Considering the obtained results, it can be stated that the grain boundary sliding is the dominant creepmechanism at low stresses and high temperatures.

Investigating Isotropy of Mechanical and Wear Properties in As-Deposited and Inter-Layer Cold Worked Specimens Manufactured by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Behzad Parvaresh,Reza Salehan,Reza Miresmaeili 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.1

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has several industrial applications because of its advantages over other additivemanufacturing methods. In this study, two stainless steel 347 walls, namely as-deposited (AD) wall, and inter-layer coldworked (CW) wall, were prepared using the WAAM method to investigate the isotropy of their mechanical properties andwear properties in vertical and horizontal directions. For the AD wall, the mean yield strength, ultimate strength, and elongationof horizontal samples were 410 MPa, 620 MPa, and 47%, respectively. In comparison, these values for the vertical (V)samples were 402 MPa, 590 MPa, and 49%, respectively. For the CW wall, the mean yield strength, ultimate strength, andelongation of horizontal samples were 815 MPa, 876 MPa, and 26%, respectively, while those of vertical samples were 722MPa, 824 MPa, and 25%, respectively. The CW wall’s tensile test results indicated that inter-layer cold working intensifiedthe anisotropy of tensile properties in both vertical and horizontal directions. Microstructural investigation revealed thatinter-layer cold working and the heat resulted from subsequent layers deposition in the CW wall recrystallized the layersand reduced the grain size. Additionally, wear test results demonstrated that inter-layer cold working increased hardness andthus wear-resistance of the samples and reduced their friction. The results showed that the coefficient of friction (COF) andwear rates of the samples are not highly dependent on their direction.

Ancillary Processes for High-Quality Additive Manufacturing: A Review of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Improvement

Behzad Parvaresh,Hossein Aliyari,Reza Miresmaeili,Mina Dehghan,Mohsen Mohammadi 대한금속·재료학회 2023 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.29 No.11

Metal additive manufacturing is a method of producing metallic parts layer-by-layer. Some drawbacks, including anisotropyin mechanical properties, detrimental residual stresses, and the presence of columnar grain structures can affect the qualityand performance of additively manufactured metallic parts. Therefore, different industrial sectors have employed intuitiveancillary processes to improve the quality of additively manufactured parts. Of particular interest is in-situ ancillary processesthat are more applicable than other procedures due to their utmost importance to reduce manufacturing cycle time. In thisreview article, after introducing various metal additive manufacturing technologies, some of the common alloys utilized inthose processes were discussed. With an eye toward improving the quality of additively manufactured components, the focusof the review was then shifted toward the effects of building direction, processing parameters, and Alloying compositionModification on microstructure and mechanical properties. The efficacy of ancillary processes such as metalworking, in-situheat treatment, and in-situ thermo hydrogen process in reducing defects and improving physical and mechanical propertieswas then presented.