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Jung-Wook Kho,Minhyung Jung,Hong Geun Kim,Doo-Hyung Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Various techniques have been developed to monitor insect behavior in the field. Harmonic radar tagging is a promising method of tracking target insects because it can allow efficient detection of the insects with negligible effects on their behavior or physiology. However, availability of the light limits the effectiveness of the method as it is almost impossible to spot an insect in the dark. On the other hand, fluorescent-marking, when combined with strong light source, makes the organisms distinct at night in a non-destructive manner. Therefore, we conducted a field experiment to determine the effectiveness of the combination of the two methods. Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) adults were marked with both harmonic radars and fluorescent paint. The marked insects were haphazardly arranged and pinned onto trees or the ground in the forest at night. Then, a group of paired researchers, one equipped with a harmonic radar and the other with a hand-held laser, attempted to find R. pedestris within 20 minutes. The detection rate showed a high variance ranging from 40% to 100%. Thus, with a proper training, harmonic radar system combined with fluorescent-marking can be a powerful technique to detect insects in the field. With these equipments, tracking insect behavior in the field will be more efficient in the dark.
Minhyung Jung,Doo-Hyung Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
Currently, the management of Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) relies mainly on insecticide application in most crop productions. However, there have been very few detailed studies concerning the potential behavioral effects of sublethal dose of insecticide. This study was conducted to address sublethal effects of five insecticides on the mobility of R. pedestris. Adult R. pedestris were individually exposed to dry residue of insecticides for 4 hours in laboratory. Tested insecticides were fenitrothion (organophosphate), etofenprox (pyrethroid), bifenthrin (pyrethroid), acetamiprid (neonicotinoid) and dinotefuran (neonicotinoid). After the exposure, vertical climbing ability and flight capacity of survived R. pedestris were evaluated and compared to water-treated control. First, the mortality of R. pedestris after the 4-h insecticide exposure was as follows: 10% for fenitrothion, 3.4% for dinotefuran, 3.4% for acetamiprid, 0% for etofenprox and 0% for bifenthrin. The vertical mobility of R. pedestris was affected differently by insecticides tested. Acetamiprid resulted in decrease (37%) in the vertical mobility, whereas dinotefuran caused increase (153%) in the ability compared to the control. There was no effect by three other insecticides on the vertical mobility. In general, tested insecticides did not affect the flight capacity of R. pedestris compared to untreated individuals. However, etofenprox resulted in increase (230%) in the flight capacity. The results of this study indicate that insecticide-treated but survived R. pedestris can show similar or even increased mobility compared to untreated individuals. This should be considered in designing insecticide application programs against of R. pedestris.
Minhyung Jung,Hong Geun Kim,Dong Hyun Lee,Doo-Hyung Lee,Jaewon Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Riptortus pedestris is a major agricultural pest in Korea. To manage this pest, it is necessary to understand the complete life history of R. pedestris. However, most studies have focused on the summer period when the pest attacks crops. Therefore, we conducted laboratory and field experiment to identify overwintering behavior of adult R. pedestris. First, we conducted two laboratory experiments to examine overwintering habitat preferences and spatial distribution of R. pedestris in the habitat. Second, we conducted field survey to characterize overwintering sites of R. pedestris in diverse landscapes. In the laboratory conditions, R. pedestris almost exclusively showed overwintering behavior in the leaf litter arena (63%) among the structures tested (rocks: 3%; rotten wood: 0%). And spatial distribution of R. pedestris showed solitary behavior in leaf litters. In the field, we located 12 individuals of overwintering adults from the urban areas, whereas no individuals were found from the high-elevation mountains and agricultural landscapes. Our results suggest that R. pedestris mainly use leaf litter as an overwintering structure, with solitary behavior, and low-elevation forested areas near urban landscapes seem to be more preferred overwintering sites.
Minhyung Jung,Po-Hyun Park,Young-Ran Joo,Lee-Hyeon Sin,Uk-Gyo Lee,Doo-Hyung Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04
Seasonal abundance and distribution of mosquitoes and chigger mites are important for human populations. However, factors affecting the abundance and distribution of vector species are not well - understood. Furthermore, global climate change makes it difficult to predict the population dynamics of vector species. Therefore, it is important to monitor this vector species over a long period of time. In 2015, mosquitoes were collected from three potential mosquito habitats using black light trap and BG-Sentinel trap in Gyeongi-do in April through October. Also, we collected chigger mite using sherman live traps in Cheorwon, Gangwon-do in April, September and October. From the survey, we collected a total of 11,649 mosquitoes in three potential mosquito habitats, and a total of 3,656 chigger mites from 54 wild rodents. In the samples, dominant mosquito species were Aedes vexans nipponii (Species Ratio 70%), Culex pipens pallens (SR 9.8%) in Gyeonggi area and dominant chigger mite species was Leptotrombidium pallidium (SR 59%) in Cheorwon. The results of this study can serve as provide fundamental basis to develop effective management strategy under the global climate change environment.
Jung, Subin,Kim, Jung-Hyun,Yim, Changwhi,Lee, Minhyung,Kang, Hyo Jin,Choi, Donghoon SPANDIDOS PUBLICATIONS 2018 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS Vol.18 No.6
<P>The present study was conducted in order to improve gene expression efficiency of insulin-like growth factor-1 (<I>IGF-1</I>)-transfected mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) using a non-viral carrier and a simplified method of dual gene selection. The therapeutic efficacy of this MSC-based <I>IGF-1</I>/enhanced green fluorescent protein (<I>EGFP</I>) dual gene sorting system was evaluated in a rat myocardial infarction (MI) model. IGF-1 and <I>EGFP</I> genes were expressed in MSCs <I>in vitro</I>. The purity of dual gene-expressing MSCs was 95.1% by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Transfected MSCs injected into rats were identified based on green fluorescence, with an increased signal intensity observed in rats injected with sorted cells, compared with unsorted cells. IGF-1 expression levels were additionally increased in the sorted group, and decreases in infarct size, fibrotic area and fraction of apoptotic cells were observed. These results demonstrated that IGF-1 overexpression protects against fibrosis and apoptosis in the myocardium and reduces infarct size following MI. Additionally, the present vector sorting system may potentially be applied to other types of stem cell-based gene therapy.</P>