Improving temperature stress resistance in spring maize by seed priming

Hafeez ur Rehman,Irfan Afzal,Muhammad Farooq,Tariq Azii,Shahzad Maqsood Ahmad Basra 단국대학교 국제농업협력연구소 2012 단국대학교 국제농업협력연구소 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1

Chilling resistance at sowing is pre-requisite to avoid high temperature stress at terminal stage of spring planted maize crop. Seed priming offers promising solution to improve crop resistance against low or high temperature stress. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the role of seed priming in improving the performance of spring planted maize under various sowing dates. Seeds of hybrid maize FH-810 were soaked in aerated solution of CaC}z (2.2%), moringa leaf extracts (MLE, 3.3%) and salicylic acid (SA, 50 mg L- 1 ) while dry and water soaked seeds (hydropriming) were used as controls. Both primed and untreated seeds were planted on 02 and 22 Feb, and 14 March. Late planted maize observed notable decline in mean emergence time than early planted crop owing to high temperature at planting. Both low and high temperature in early (02 Feb) and late (14 March) planted maize resulted in reduced seedling growth and tissue water status accompanied with elevated membrane electrolytes leakage. Moreover all the priming techniques improved the studied parameters of crop compared with control at all planting dates. Seed osmopriming with SA improved crop stress resistance by earlier emergence, increased seedling dry weight, tissue water status and improved membrane stability followed by osmopriming with CaC12.

Disturbance Observer Based Robust Sliding Mode Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Nihad Ali,Ateeq Ur Rehman,Waqar Alam,Hamid Maqsood 대한전기학회 2019 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.14 No.6

This paper addresses speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor under load torque perturbations. The mathematical model is derived using park’s transformation. The load torque disturbance is considered unknown bounded, and states variables are available in feedback. In order to achieve robust speed performance, sliding mode control (SMC) is introduced. However, it is noted that conventional SMC does not provide satisfactory performance under load torque disturbances. To end this, a novel control strategy called disturbance observer SMC (DOSMC) is formulated. It includes an observer that ofers a tool to vanish the efect of load torque. The DOSMC technique has two distinguished characteristics: frst, the design gains are needed to be greater than the maximum limit of disturbance estimation error instead of disturbances, second; the proposed observer estimates load disturbances and provide a compensator to update sliding surface and control input. The stability analysis of overall control system is verifed using Lyapunov theorem. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink proves efcacy of the proposed scheme.

Residual effects of monoammonium phosphate, gypsum and elemental sulfur on cadmium phytoavailability and translocation from soil to wheat in an effluent irrigated field

Qayyum, Muhammad Farooq,Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur,Ali, Shafaqat,Rizwan, Muhammad,Naeem, Asif,Maqsood, Muhammad Aamer,Khalid, Hinnan,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Ok, Yong Sik Elsevier 2017 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.174 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agricultural soils is one of the major threats to food security. The application of inorganic amendments such as mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), gypsum and elemental sulfur (S) could alleviate the negative effects of Cd in crops. However, their long-term residual effects on decreasing Cd uptake in latter crops remain unclear. A field that had previously been applied with treatments including control and 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8% by weight of each MAP, gypsum and S, and grown with wheat and rice and thereafter wheat in the rotation was selected for this study. Wheat (<I>Triticum aestivum</I> L.) was grown in the same field as the third crop without further application of amendments to evaluate the residual effects of the amendments on Cd uptake by wheat. Plants were harvested at maturity and grain, and straw yield along with Cd concentration in soil, straw, and grains was determined. The addition of MAP and gypsum significantly increased wheat growth and yield and decreased Cd accumulation in straw and grains compared to control while the reverse was found in S application. Both MAP and gypsum decreased AB-DTPA extractable Cd in soil while S increased the bioavailable Cd in soil. Both MAP and gypsum increased the Cd immobilization in the soil and S decreased Cd immobilization in a dose-additive manner. We conclude that MAP and gypsum had a significant residual effect on decreasing Cd uptake in wheat. The cost-benefit ratio revealed that gypsum is an effective amendment for decreasing Cd concentration in plants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Residual monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and gypsum reduced the Cd uptake in wheat. </LI> <LI> Amendment of residual elemental sulfur (S) increased Cd uptake in plants. </LI> <LI> Gypsum had the highest cost-benefit ratio compared with MAP and elemental S. </LI> <LI> Gypsum may be used to enhance crop production in Cd-contaminated soils. </LI> </UL> </P>

Interactive Effect of Cobalt and Nitrogen on Growth, Nodulation, Yield and Protein Content of Field Grown Pea

Fahmida Mir Akbar,Mohsin Zafar,Abdul Hamid,Maqsood Ahmed,Abdul Khaliq,Muhammad Riaz Khan,Zahid ur Rehman 한국원예학회 2013 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.54 No.6

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) has increasing nutritional, commercial, and economical value, and initial low supply of N and Co is needed to increase nodulation, yield, and profit. A field experiment in 2010 was conducted at the University of Poonch Rawalakot located in the hilly region of the state of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of fertilization of N and Co on growth, nodulation, seed yield, seed composition of, and uptake of N and Co by pea plant. Treatments included three levels of N (0, 30, and 60 kg N·ha-1 and represented as N0, N30, and N60, respectively) combined with three levels of Co (0, 10, and 20 g Co·ha-1and represented as Co0, Co10, and Co20, respectively), and the control represented as N0Co0. Results indicated that most of the morphological characteristics were increased with N60. The greatest shoot length, root length, and chlorophyll content were recorded in the N60Co20. The number of root nodules increased from 6 in the control to 19with fertilization of N and Co. Yield responses to N–Co fertilization occurred to all rates, and the highest yield,2536 kg·ha-1, was observed in the treatment N60Co10. Total N and Co uptake in the plant (shoot + root + seed)ranged between 16-147% and 3-331% over the control, while seed protein increased by 13–198% over the control by application of N and Co. This study demonstrates that N- and Co-deficient soils are likely to produce crops with low yields and seeds with low protein levels, and therefore, appropriate management of soil N and Co could be an effective approach to increase and sustain pea production in the small holding mountain ecosystems.

Ensemble-classifiers-assisted detection of cerebral microbleeds in brain MRI

Ateeq, Tayyab,Majeed, Muhammad Nadeem,Anwar, Syed Muhammad,Maqsood, Muazzam,Rehman, Zahoor-ur,Lee, Jong Weon,Muhammad, Khan,Wang, Shuihua,Baik, Sung Wook,Mehmood, Irfan Elsevier 2018 Computers & electrical engineering Vol.69 No.-

<P>Cerebral Microbleeds (CMBs) are considered as an essential indicator in the diagnosis of critical cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke and dementia. Manual detection of CMBs is prone to errors due to complex morphological nature of CMBs. In this paper, an efficient method is presented for CMB detection in Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging (SWI) scans. The proposed framework consists of three phases: i) brain extraction, ii) extraction of initial candidates based on threshold and size based filtering, and iii) feature extraction and classification of CMBs from other healthy tissues in order to remove false positives using Support Vector Machine, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) and ensemble classifiers. The proposed technique is validated on a dataset of 20 subjects with CMBs that consists of 14 subjects for training and 6 subjects for testing. QDA classifier achieved the best sensitivity of 93.7% with 56 false positives per patient and 5.3 false positives per CMB. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>