Leader-following formation and heading control of networked quadcopters

Arshad Mahmood,Yoonsoo Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2014 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.10

Surface analysis of GeC prepared by reactive pulsed laser deposition technique

Arshad Mahmood,A. Shah,F.F. Castillon,L. Cota Araiza,J. Heiras,M. Yasin Akhtar Raja,M. Khizar 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.3

Amorphous germanium carbide (a-Ge_(1-x)C_x) thin films were prepared by reactive pulsed laser deposition technique using several methane pressures. Surface analysis was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to examine the composition and elemental bonding at the surface of the material. Optical analysis was carried out by spectroscopic ellipsometry to study the optical constants (n and k) and other parameters of the film. Results indicate that the carbon atoms to be incorporated in the germanium lattice, forming a-Ge_(1-x)C_x alloy, for concentrations below about 10 atomic % where the Ge atoms are uniformly distributed. There is formation of graphitic agglomerates for higher carbon concentrations.

Ion beam analysis of sputtered AlN films

Arshad Mahmood,E. Andrade,S. Muhl,A. Shah,M. Khizar,M. Yasin Akhtar Raja 한국물리학회 2011 Current Applied Physics Vol.11 No.2

Polycrystalline aluminium nitride (AlN) films have been prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering followed by its characterization using advance electronic and optical techniques. Film quality has been optimized mainly using deposition parameters. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) and nuclear interaction (NR) techniques were used to analyze the film density (atoms/cm^3), elemental composition and impurities of the grown film. Our ion beam analysis (IBA) was based on the particle energy spectra bombarded with a low-energy deuterium beam. The corresponding linear thickness of the film was measured using a profilometer. X-Ray diffraction, spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscope have also been employed to reinforce the results. We found that highly dense and stoichiometric films can be obtained at higher plasma current. Under optimal deposition conditions, the film densities of ∼2.45 g/cm^3, FWHM ∼0.125 and the surface roughness ∼6.758 nm have been achieved successfully.

Synthesis and Characterization of Aqueous Curcumin Polyurethane Dispersions Using Isophorone Diisocyanate: Efficiency Evaluation as Textile Finishes

Noureen Arshad,Khalid Mahmood Zia,Muhammad Tahir Hussain,Muhammad Mubeen Arshad,Mohammad Zuber 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.7

This research is aimed at synthesizing some novel bio-based ecofriendly finishes for textile applications. A seriesof curcumin based aqueous polyurethane (PU) dispersions (CUR-WDPU-IPDI) was prepared using polyethylene glycol(PEG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and dimethylolpropanoic acid (DMPA) via conventional pre-polymer process. Thedual functionality is incorporated by hindering the polyurethane pre-polymer with isocyanate (-NCO) groups and curcuminwas utilized to extend the polymeric chain to achieve the CUR-WDPU-IPDI dispersion. Structural characteristics of thesynthesized polymer were investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. The performance of PUdispersions for increasing the color fastness properties (washing, rubbing and perspiration fastness) of plain weave fabrics(poly/cotton, dyed and printed) was studied. Furthermore, the mechanical strength (pilling, tearing and tensile strength) of thesaid fabric (dyed, printed and white) was also evaluated. Results clearly exhibited that the color fastness properties andmechanical strength of the dyed, printed and white fabrics were improved significantly after treating with the PU finishes. These synthesized curcumin-based water dispersible polyurethanes (CUR-WDPU-IPDI) finishing agents are greenerproducts which are particularly derivatized from bio-resources. Owing to their biocompatibility, copious availability, lessnoxious, greener methodology and ecofriendly nature, these can be utilized as attractive ecofriendly alternatives for textileapplications.

Performance Behavior of Chitosan Based Water Dispersible Polyurethanes: Physicochemical Properties

Noureen Arshad,Khalid Mahmood Zia,Farukh Jabeen,Muhammad Naveed Anjum,Nadia Akram,Muhammad Kaleem Khosa 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

The research work was carried out to synthesize a series of novel chitosan based water dispersible polyurethanes (CS-WDPUs). The three step synthesis involves the formation of end capped PU-prepolymer was formed through the reaction between polyethylene glycol (PEG) (Mn=600 g/mole, dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) followed by the preparation of neutralized NCO terminated PU-prepolymer, which lead to the chain extension by using the chitosan. The dispersion of the obtained product was carried out by adding proper proportion of water. The synthesized CS-WDPUs were applied onto the different qualities of plain weave poly-cotton printed and dyed textile swatches by employing pad-dry-cure procedures. The textile assets of the treated and untreated textile swatches were assessed, as color fastness, pilling resistance, tear and tensile strength. The results showed that the chitosan incorporation into PU backbone has significant effect on the assets of treated textiles. These synthesized CS-WDPUs are eco-friendly bio-based finishes with potential applications for polyester/cotton textiles.

Enhancement of thermoelectric properties of MBE grown un-doped ZnO by thermal annealing

Khalid, Mahmood,Asghar, Muhammad,Ali, Adnan,Ajaz-Un-Nabi, M.,Arshad, M. Imran,Amin, Nasir,Hasan, M.A. Techno-Press 2015 Advances in energy research Vol.3 No.2

In this paper, we have reported an enhancement in thermoelectric properties of un-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on silicon (001) substrate by annealing treatment. The grown ZnO thin films were annealed in oxygen environment at $500^{\circ}C-800^{\circ}C$, keeping a step of $100^{\circ}C$ for one hour. Room temperature Seekbeck measurements showed that Seebeck coefficient and power factor increased from 222 to $510{\mu}V/K$ and $8.8{\times}10^{-6}$ to $2.6{\times}10^{-4}Wm^{-1}K^{-2}$ as annealing temperature increased from 500 to $800^{\circ}C$ respectively. This observation was related with the improvement of crystal structure of grown films with annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results demonstrated that full width half maximum (FWHM) of ZnO (002) plane decreased and crystalline size increased as the annealing temperature increased. Photoluminescence study revealed that the intensity of band edge emission increased and defect emission decreased as annealing temperature increased because the density of oxygen vacancy related donor defects decreased with annealing temperature. This argument was further justified by the Hall measurements which showed a decreasing trend of carrier concentration with annealing temperature.

Salinity and sodicity disturbs growth of medicinal crop Guar (Cyanoposisa tetragonoloba)

Ullah, Muhammad Arshad,Rasheed, Muhammad,Mahmood, Imdad Ali Korea FoodHealth Convergence Association 2018 식품보건융합연구 (KJFHC) Vol.4 No.2

Salinity is one of the major and increasing problems in irrigated agriculture in Pakistan. Salinity stress negatively affects the growth and yield of plants guar (Cyanoposisa tetragonoloba). This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of ($4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $5dSm^{-1}+25(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $5dSm^{-1}+30(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$, $10dSm^{-1}+25(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ and $10dSm^{-1}+30(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$) on biomass yield of guar against salinity tolerance. Maximum biomass yield ($54.50gpot^{-1}$) was produced by $4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment. Biomass produce was reduced with the increase of the salts toxicity. Minimum biomass yield ($30.17gpot^{-1}$) was attained under $10dSm^{-1}+30(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$. $5dSm^{-1}+25(mmol\;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment exhibited improved outcome i.e. the least diminution % over control (18.66). Salinity cum sodicity showed staid effect on the growth reduction from 18.66% to 44.64%. This reduction fissure was impacted by the toxic effect of salinity and sodicity on Guar growth. Salinity- sodicity behaved toxic impact on the growth reduction from 18.66% to 44.64%. Based on the findings, guar (Cyanoposisa tetragonoloba) grows better at $4dSm^{-1}+13.5(mmol \;L^{-1})^{1/2}$ treatment.

Unusual Intronic Variant in GSTP1 in Head and Neck Cancer in Pakistan

Masood, Nosheen,Malik, Faraz Arshad,Kayani, Mahmood Akhtar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

In the present case control study mRNA expression of the GSTP1 gene, encoding a phase II enzyme that detoxifies via glutathione conjugation, was investigated using semiquantitative PCR followed by SSCP for 49 confirmed head and neck (HN) cancer and 49 control samples. It was found that GSTP1 was upregulated in significantly higher number of cancers (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.2-15.3). Grade wise correlation was also observed with more up regulation in patients with more advanced grades of HN carcinomas. We also found that 5 patients showed variation in mRNA with a larger product size than expected. Sequencing revealed insertion of an intronic segment between the $6^{th}$ and $7^{th}$ exon of the GSTP1 gene. Germline screening was performed showing mobility shifts which suggested mutation at the DNA level resulting in intronic portion retention. This study is of prime importance for drug design and treatment selection to overcome increased resistance of HN cancers to drugs due to alteration in the GSTP1 gene.

Effect of Cu Incorporation on the Physical Properties of CdS Thin Films Deposited by using the Thermal Evaporation Technique

Faisal Aftab,Javaid Iqbal,Amjid Iqbal,Arshad Mahmood,Qaiser Raza 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.4

CdS thin films with different Cu concentrations were grown on glass substrates at room temperature by using the resistive thermal evaporation technique. The effect of Cu doping on the structural, optical and vibrational properties of CdS thin films was investigated. The structural, optical and vibrational analysis was completed using an X-ray diffractrometer and a Raman and a UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer. X-ray diffraction data revealed that incorporation of Cu ions improved the crystalline structure but did not change the cubic phase of the CdS thin film with a preferential orientation along the (111) direction. Various optical parameters, like the refractive index, extinction co-efficient, absorption co-efficient, urbach tail energy Ee and optical band gap, were determined by using transmission data at different copper concentrations. The Raman peaks appearing at 299 cm−1 and 592 cm−1 for CdS were attributed to the 1LO and 2LO phonons of cubic CdS, and a shift towards low wavenumber region was observed with increasing Cu concentration.

Prognostic Significance of Altered Blood and Tissue Glutathione Levels in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cases

Khan, Sami Ullah,Mahjabeen, Ishrat,Malik, Faraz Arshad,Kayani, Mahmood Akhtar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Glutathione is a thiol compound that plays an important role in the antioxidant defense system of the cell and its deficiency leads to an increased susceptibility to oxidative stress and, thus, progression of many disease states including head and neck cancer. In the present study, alterations of glutathione levels were investigated in study cohort of 500 samples (cohort 1 containing 200 head and neck cancer blood samples along with 200 healthy controls and cohort II with 50 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples along with 50 control tissues) by high performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that mean blood glutathione levels were significantly reduced in head and neck cancer patients (p<0.001) compared to respective controls. In contrast, the levels of glutathione total (p<0.05) and glutathione reduced (p<0.05) were significantly elevated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared to the adjacent cancer-free control tissues. In addition to this, pearson correlation performed to correlate different tissue glutathione levels (GSH) with clinical/pathological parameters demonstrated a significant negative correlation between pT-stage and GSH level ($r=-0.263^{**}$; p<0.01), C-stage and GSH level ($r=-0.335^{**}$; p<0.01), grade and GSH ($r=-0.329^{**}$; p<0.01) and grade versus redox index ($r=-0.213^{**}$; p<0.01) in HNSCC tissues. Our study suggests that dysregulation of glutathione levels in head and neck cancer has the potential to predict metastasis, and may serve as a prognostic marker.