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- 검색키워드
- 저자 : M. O. GARG (검색결과 4 건)
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A. Garg,T. Mukhopadhyay,H.D. Chalak,M.O. Belarbi,L. Li,R. Sahoo 국제구조공학회 2022 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.44 No.5
In the present work, bending and free vibration analyses of multilayered functionally graded (FG) graphene platelet (GPL) and fiber-reinforced hybrid composite beams are carried out using the parabolic function based shear deformation theory. Parabolic variation of transverse shear stress across the thickness of beam and transverse shear stress-free conditions at top and bottom surfaces of the beam are considered, and the proposed formulation incorporates a transverse displacement field. The present theory works only with four unknowns and is computationally efficient. Hamilton’s principle has been employed for deriving the governing equations. Analytical solutions are obtained for both the bending and free vibration problems in the present work considering different variations of GPLs and fibers distribution, namely, FG-X, FG-U, FG-Λ, and FG-O for beams having simply-supported boundary condition. First, the matrix is assumed to be strengthened using GPLs, and then the fibers are embedded. Multiscale modeling for material properties of functionally graded graphene platelet/fiber hybrid composites (FGGPL/FHRC) is performed using Halpin-Tsai micromechanical model. The study reveals that the distributions of GPLs and fibers have significant impacts on the stresses, deflections, and natural frequencies of the beam. The number of layers and shape factors widely affect the behavior of FG-GPL-FHRC beams. The multilayered FG-GPL-FHRC beams turn out to be a good approximation to the FG beams without exhibiting the stress-channeling effects.
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Octane number enhancement studies of naphtha over noble metal loaded zeolite catalysts
Nagabhatla Viswanadham,Sandeep K. Saxena,M.O. Garg 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.3
An Indian industrial naphtha containing mixture of various hydrocarbons belong to n-paraffins,isoparaffins, naphthenes and aromatics falling in C5 to C9 carbon range has been studied for its octane boosting through the production of isoparaffins over various Pt loaded zeolite catalysts possessing different acidity and porosity properties. Optimum balance of acid and metal functionalities in 0.6 wt.%Pt loaded on BEA zeolite helped in achieving highest increase in research octane number (RON) from 44to 80, suitable for gasoline applications, through the production of lower isoparaffins (iC4-iC6) along with C7+ isoparaffins.
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Sandeep K. Saxena,Nagabhatla Viswanadham,M. O. GARG 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5
A series of BEA zeolite based catalysts have been prepared and characterized by XRD, SEM, surface area, porosity and acidity methods. The catalytic properties of BEA zeolite have been improved through steam assisted dealumination reaction to achieve improvement in crystallinity, surface area, pore volume, mesopores and decrease in total acidity along with increase in strong acidity (>100 kJ/mol) measured by heat of adsorption of ammonia. All these properties collectively contributed to the formation of branched paraffins, where, the sample BEA-2 obtained by steam treatment of BEA zeolite at 500 ℃ indeed exhibited promising catalytic activity in the production of branched paraffins (responsible for higher research octane number, RON, needed for gasoline applications) from n-heptane model compound and two industrial naphtha mixed hydrocarbon feedstocks. The isomer yields obtained on naphtha-1 and naphtha-2 feedstocks are 49.3 wt.% and 52.1 wt.% respectively. The results suggest that the catalyst is potential for octane boosting (16–39 units increase in RON) of industrial hydrocarbon feedstocks to produce aromatic-free, isoparaffins-rich gasoline blending stock suitable for fuel applications.
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EFFECT OF FUEL CHOICE ON NANOPARTICLE EMISSION FACTORS IN LPG-GASOLINE BI-FUEL VEHICLES
A. MOMENIMOVAHED,J. S. OLFERT,M. D. CHECKEL,S. PATHAK,V. SOOD,L. ROBINDRO,S. K. SINGAL,A. K. JAIN,M. O. GARG 한국자동차공학회 2013 International journal of automotive technology Vol.14 No.1
Nanoparticle and gas-phase emission factors are presented for a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) passenger vehicle and are compared to gasoline operation. A bi-fuel LPG-gasoline vehicle certified for use on either fuel was used as the test vehicle so that a direct comparison of the emissions could be made based on fuel choice. These values were considered along with previous studies to determine the relative change in particulate emissions due to fuel choice over a wide range of vehicles and operating conditions. The vehicle examined in this study was tested on a chassis dynamometer for both steadystate and transient conditions. Transient test cycles included the US FTP72 driving cycle, Japanese driving cycle and modified Indian driving cycle while steady-state tests were done at vehicle speeds ranging from 10-90 km/hr in various transmission gears. Exhaust particle size distributions were measured in real-time using a differential mobility spectrometer (DMS50), and particle number and particle mass emission factors were calculated. For both fuels, the majority of the particles ranged from 5 to 160 nm in terms of particle diameter, with typically more than 85% of the particles in the nucleation mode (between 5-50 nm). In most cases, the vehicle produced a greater fraction of larger (accumulation mode) particles when fuelled on LPG. Using the data in the literature as well as the data in the current study, gasoline fuel produces 4.6 times more particles in terms of number and 2.1 times more particles in terms of mass.
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