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      • KCI등재

        Composition and Diversity of Tree Species in Kamalachari Natural Forest of Chittagong South Forest Division, Bangladesh

        M. Akhter Hossain,M. Kamal Hossain,M. Shafiul Alam,M. Main Uddin 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2015 Journal of Forest Science Vol.31 No.3

        Information on plant diversity and community structure are required to chalk out necessary actions for conservation management. The present study assessed the composition and diversity of tree species in Kamalachari Natural Forest of Chittagong South Forest Division, Bangladesh, during April 2010 to November 2011. A total of 107 tree species belonging to 72 genera and 37 families were recorded, where Moraceae family was represented by maximum (11) species. Density, Basal area and volume of tree species were 418±20.09 stem/ha, 21.10±2.62 m2/ha and 417.4±79.8 m3/ha respectively. Diameter and height class distribution of tree species revealed an almost reverse J-shaped curve. Both the number of species and percentage of tree individuals were maximum in the lower DBH and height ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances like illegal tree cutting, over extraction, settlement inside forest area etc. were noticed during the study, which are supposed to cause gradual decrease of both tree species and individuals in the higher DBH and height classes. However, Artocarpus chama was found dominant showing maximum IVI followed by Schima wallichii, Aporosa wallichii, and Lithocarpus acuminata. The quantitative structure of the tree species of Kamalachari natural forest is comparable to other tree species rich tropical natural forests. The findings of the study may help in monitoring future plant population changes of the identified species and adopting species specific conservation programs in Kamalachari natural forest.

      • KCI등재

        Composition and Diversity of Tree Species in Kamalachari Natural Forest of Chittagong South Forest Division, Bangladesh

        Hossain, M. Akhter,Hossain, M. Kamal,Alam, M. Shafiul,Uddin, M. Main Institute of Forest Science 2015 Journal of Forest Science Vol.31 No.3

        Information on plant diversity and community structure are required to chalk out necessary actions for conservation management. The present study assessed the composition and diversity of tree species in Kamalachari Natural Forest of Chittagong South Forest Division, Bangladesh, during April 2010 to November 2011. A total of 107 tree species belonging to 72 genera and 37 families were recorded, where Moraceae family was represented by maximum (11) species. Density, Basal area and volume of tree species were $418{\pm}20.09stem/ha$, $21.10{\pm}2.62m^2/ha$ and $417.4{\pm}79.8m^3/ha$ respectively. Diameter and height class distribution of tree species revealed an almost reverse J-shaped curve. Both the number of species and percentage of tree individuals were maximum in the lower DBH and height ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances like illegal tree cutting, over extraction, settlement inside forest area etc. were noticed during the study, which are supposed to cause gradual decrease of both tree species and individuals in the higher DBH and height classes. However, Artocarpus chama was found dominant showing maximum IVI followed by Schima wallichii, Aporosa wallichii, and Lithocarpus acuminata. The quantitative structure of the tree species of Kamalachari natural forest is comparable to other tree species rich tropical natural forests. The findings of the study may help in monitoring future plant population changes of the identified species and adopting species specific conservation programs in Kamalachari natural forest.

      • KCI등재

        Comparative Study between Structural Properties of Pre-Tensioned Inverted T-Girder and Actual Post-Tensioned Box Girder in Bridge Construction

        Mohammad Omar Faruk Murad,Zamri Chik,B. M. Nural Absar,Kamal Hossain Shikdar,Khairul Anuar Mohd Nayan 대한토목학회 2016 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.20 No.6

        In this study a full scale 3D analysis of post-tensioned box section and pre-tensioned inverted T-girder section is carried out by considering only vertical loadings. The aim of this research is to investigate long span box Girder Bridge with pre-tensioned inverted T-girder using splicing technique. 4 lanes of 150m long (3 spans @ 50 m) post-tensioned box girder bridge with 12 cells and 13.54 m wide deck is considered as the bridge model and that the equivalent box section consists of 13 numbers of inverted pre-tensioned girder having two different lengths spliced at the points of inflection of continuous length of the bridge. The inverted T-girders are used to support the deck panel with superimposed load on it. The structural analysis of the bridge is done using CSi Bridge employing Integrated 3D Bridge Design Software based on finite element method for both longitudinal and transverse direction. In the analysis, AASHTO LRFD-2006 is used by subjecting Uniformly Distributed Load (UDL), edge loads, knife edge loads, and heavy vehicles load on the bridge deck. Moving vehicles load is placed at different locations to determine the maximum and minimum moments, stresses and flexural effects. Actual post-tensioned box section flexure, shear, torsion and stress in both longitudinal and transverse analyses showed lower values when compared to pre-tensioned inverted T-girder section. Assuming monolithic behaviour, the actual box section provided better stiffness rather than equivalent one. Nevertheless composite behaviour of the equivalent section can be accepted as an alternative solution for long span continuous box Girder Bridge where cost is a major factor in particular.

      • KCI등재후보

        Minimizing Sensing Decision Error in Cognitive Radio Networks using Evolutionary Algorithms

        ( Mohsen Akbari ),( Md. Kamal Hossain ),( Mohsen Riahi Manesh ),( Ayman A. El-saleh ),( Aymen M. Kareem ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2012 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.6 No.9

        Cognitive radio (CR) is envisioned as a promising paradigm of exploiting intelligence for enhancing efficiency of underutilized spectrum bands. In CR, the main concern is to reliably sense the presence of primary users (PUs) to attain protection against harmful interference caused by potential spectrum access of secondary users (SUs). In this paper, evolutionary algorithms, namely, particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) are proposed to minimize the total sensing decision error at the common soft data fusion (SDF) centre of a structurally-centralized cognitive radio network (CRN). Using these techniques, evolutionary operations are invoked to optimize the weighting coefficients applied on the sensing measurement components received from multiple cooperative SUs. The proposed methods are compared with each other as well as with other conventional deterministic algorithms such as maximal ratio combining (MRC) and equal gain combining (EGC). Computer simulations confirm the superiority of the PSO-based scheme over the GA-based and other conventional MRC and EGC schemes in terms of detection performance. In addition, the PSO-based scheme also shows promising convergence performance as compared to the GA-based scheme. This makes PSO an adequate solution to meet real-time requirements.

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