The synergistic effects of five essential oils and eight chiral compounds on deltamethrin-piperonyl butoxide insecticide against Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Fouad Hany A.,da Camara Claudio A.G.,de Moraes Marcilio M.,de Melo João P.R. 한국응용곤충학회 2023 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.26 No.2

Sitophilus zeamais is a major cause of damage to corn and its preventive control is performed with DeltamethrinPiperonyl Butoxide (deltamethrin-PBO). However, due to the intensive use of conventional insecticides, the population of S. zeamais has developed resistance to nearly all classes of insecticides. In order to establish new control practices through the reduction of the use of conventional insecticides for management of S. zeamais, the present study was to evaluate the insecticidal activities and synergistic interaction between five essential oils, as well as six chiral constituents with deltamethrin-PBO used in the preventive control of S. zeamais. The chemical analysis revealed a high percentage of monoterpenes in the oils investigated. Limonene was the major compo nent found in the oils from Citrus aurantifolia and C. reticulata. Citronellal, terpinen-4-ol and menthol were the major constituents in the oils from Eucalyptus citriodora, Melaleuca alternifolia and Mentha piperita, respectively. Oil from M. alternifolia exhibited greater toxicity. Among chiral constituents, (R)-(+)-Limonene, (1R,5R)-(+)-α-pinene and (1S,5S)-(-)-α-pinene were the most toxic against the pest. Binary mixtures prepared with synthetic insecticide and oils exhibited two synergistic interactions. Mixtures prepared with deltamethrin-PBO and (R)-(+)-limonene showed one synergistic interaction. These results are promising, particularly the Citrus oils and its main constituent, (R)-(+)-limonene, which increased the mortality of S. zeamais by 56.41; 43.58 and 35.89 %, respectively. The present findings suggest that the impacts on the environment and human health with the indiscriminate use of deltamethrin-PBO can be minimized with the preparation of a formulation of this insecticide combined with Citrus oils.

Cobalt/Chromium Nanoparticles-Incorporated Carbon Nanofibers as Effective Nonprecious Catalyst for Methanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Medium

Ibrahim M. A. Mohamed,Moaaed Motlak,H. Fouad,나지르 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.5

Cobalt-Chrome nanoparticles-incorporated carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are proposed as an effective nonprecious electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation in the alkaline media. The introduced nanofibers were prepared by simple technique, electrospinning. Carbonization of as-spun mat composed of chromium acetate, cobalt acetate and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) at high temperature (900℃) leads to production of the introduced nanofibers. The physicochemical characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with EDX and TEM mapping. The exploited analyses confirmed that the final product is in the form of CNFs decorated by Co/Cr nanoparticles. Based on the results obtained from the cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, the proposed Co/Cr-incorporated CNFs possess high electrocatalytic activity toward methanol electrooxidation as a clear peak of methanol oxidation appeared with corresponding current density of 56 mA/cm2 . Moreover, the current density increased by increasing methanol concentration up to 4.0 M. Overall, the proposed nanofibers open new avenue for platinum-free and stable nanostructural catalysts for fuel cell technology.

Estimation of L-threonine requirements for Longyan laying ducks

Fouad, A.M.,Zhang, H.X.,Chen, W.,Xia, W.G.,Ruan, D.,Wang, S.,Zheng, C.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.2

Objective: A study was conducted to test six threonine (Thr) levels (0.39%, 0.44%, 0.49%, 0.54%, 0.59%, and 0.64%) to estimate the optimal dietary Thr requirements for Longyan laying ducks from 17 to 45 wk of age. Methods: Nine hundred Longyan ducks aged 17 wk were assigned randomly to the six dietary treatments, where each treatment comprised six replicate pens with 25 ducks per pen. Results: Increasing the Thr level enhanced egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) (linearly or quadratically; p<0.05). The Haugh unit score, yolk color, albumen height, and the weight, percentage, thickness, and breaking strength of the eggshell did not response to increases in the Thr levels, but the albumen weight and its proportion increased significantly (p<0.05), whereas the yolk weight and its proportion decreased significantly as the Thr levels increased. Conclusion: According to a regression model, the optimal Thr requirement for egg production, egg mass, and FCR in Longyan ducks is 0.57%, while 0.58% is the optimal level for egg weight from 17 to 45 wk of age.

Nutritional Factors Affecting Abdominal Fat Deposition in Poultry: A Review

Fouad, A.M.,El-Senousey, H.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.7

The major goals of the poultry industry are to increase the carcass yield and to reduce carcass fatness, mainly the abdominal fat pad. The increase in poultry meat consumption has guided the selection process toward fast-growing broilers with a reduced feed conversion ratio. Intensive selection has led to great improvements in economic traits such as body weight gain, feed efficiency, and breast yield to meet the demands of consumers, but modern commercial chickens exhibit excessive fat accumulation in the abdomen area. However, dietary composition and feeding strategies may offer practical and efficient solutions for reducing body fat deposition in modern poultry strains. Thus, the regulation of lipid metabolism to reduce the abdominal fat content based on dietary composition and feeding strategy, as well as elucidating their effects on the key enzymes associated with lipid metabolism, could facilitate the production of lean meat and help to understand the fat-lowering effects of diet and different feeding strategies.

Control Education at KFUPM

Fouad M. AL-Sunni 제어로봇시스템학회 2001 제어로봇시스템학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Improving productivity of mulberry trees and silkworm, Bombyx mori L., using vermicompost application

( Usama M. Ghazy ),( Tahia A. Fouad ),( Ghada M. Ahmed ) 한국잠사학회 2020 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.40 No.2

Vermicompost, manure, compost and organic fertilization are ecofriendly. Nowadays, many products resulted from sericulture consumed by humans such as mulberry leaves, fruits, mulberry tea, silk and natural silk cosmetics. Soil applications of three treatments with vermicompost (0.5, 1 and 2 tons per 0.42 hectare) and recommended rate of mineral fertilizers of nitrogen phosphorus potassium were used for investigation. Impact of fertilization on mulberry plant traits of moisture, number of shoots/tree, total shoots length/tree, number of leaves/shoot, number of leaves/ (100g), leaf yield/tree and leaf yield of fadden/season were recorded. In addition the effect of fertilization on larval and cocoon characters of young instar duration, fifth instar duration, total larval duration, larval mortality percentage, weight of third instar larvae, weight of fourth instar larvae, weight of fifth instar larvae, fresh cocoon weight, fresh shell weight, pupae weight, cocoon shell ratio, silk productivity, cocooning percentage, pupation ratio, number of cocoons/ liter, crop cocoons by number, crop cocoons by weight, fecundity and fertility. Using vermicompost treatment was enhancing plant characters. Treatments of V₃, V₂ and V₁ were shortage young, fifth and larvae durations. Mostly feeding silkworm during the whole larval duration on treated mulberry leaves with vermicompost improving the traits average. Using vermicompost for fertilization by rate of V₃ and V₂ is better than others for cocoon characters for females and males.V₃ and V₂ of vermicompost per 0.42 hectare is recommended for rearing mulberry silkworm instead of mineral fertilization.

HUMIDITY SENSING PROPERTIES OF COBALT OXIDE/SILICA NANOCOMPOSITES PREPARED VIA SOL–GEL AND RELATED ROUTES

OSAMA A. FOUAD,GOMAA A. M. ALI,M. A. I. EL-ERIAN,SALAH A. MAKHLOUF 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2012 NANO Vol.7 No.5

Ultra¯ne Co3O4=SiO2 nanocomposites were obtained via sol?gel (SG) method and related routes. The samples were characterized using X-ray di®raction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N2 adsorption?desorption techniques. The obtained phase, size of crystallites and speci¯c surface area of the composites vary with the Co:SiO2 weight ratio and preparation route. Humidity sensing properties measured by monitoring the DC conductivity for the obtained nanocomposites are reported. Conductivity changes amount to four orders of magnitudes were observed in response to 10?90% relative humidity change in the measuring chamber. Results indicate that humidity sensing properties depend on Co content and speci¯c surface area of the composite.

Control Education at KFUPM

Al-Sunni, Fouad M. Institute of Control 2001 제어로봇시스템학회지 Vol.7 No.2

A Novel Authentication Scheme for Lossy Compressed Images

Mona A. M. Fouad,Ahmed Mokhtar A. Mansour 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.9 No.6

In this paper, a novel scheme is proposed for watermarking lossy compressed images just before transmission and authenticating them once they are received, away from the core of the compression and de-compression processes. The scheme is inserted into the Joint Photographic Expert Group (JPEG) structure that is encoded using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) at specified locations. The watermark information is extracted from and embedded into specified DCT coefficients, following novel criteria. The scheme is robust to lossy compression; though it is fragile, exposing any slight changes of the probe images. The scheme is also blind, needs no prior information about the original image or the watermark information to authenticate the received image. Experimentally, if the received watermarked data is not manipulated, the proposed scheme verifies them as ‘authenticated’. On the other side, if geometrical or image processing attacks are applied to the watermarked images, they are then verified successfully as ‘not authenticated’. The proposed scheme is further evaluated and compared to similar authentication schemes. The noise added to the original image due to embedding the watermark information is 0.063 dB (decibel), overcoming all results in the reviewed literature.

‘Hop Horse’ Image Authentication Scheme

Mona A. M. Fouad,Ahmed Mokhtar A. Mansour 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.10 No.5

This paper proposes a novel scheme for securing and authenticating digital data. Although, the experiments were applied to digital images, it is valid for sound, and video without any modifications of the core scheme. The developed scheme could be applied to the encoded data at the sender and the receiver sides, apart from the compression and decompression processes. The watermark information is generated automatically from the input data and hidden into the Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of specified pixels according to innovative criteria. Experimentally, the received data is authenticated if it is 100% match the sent data, exposing both geometric and signal processing attacks. The hidden watermark is completely invisible, achieving Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) more than 67 decibels (dB) for grayscale images that vary in size and content. The developed scheme is evaluated by verifying images of the testing set before and after tampering, showing comparable performance. A comprehensive analysis for the experimental results revealed performance and efficiency of the proposed scheme is presented. An extensive review of previous work concerning image authentication approaches is presented, showing the need for robust and powerful authentication scheme.