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ζ-determinants of Laplacians with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions
Loya, Paul,Park, Jinsung The Institute of Physics 2005 Journal of physics A, Mathematical and general Vol.38 No.41
<P>In this paper, we derive a formula for the ratio of the ζ-determinants of the Laplacian with Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions over a noncompact manifold with an infinite cylindrical end and a compact boundary in terms of the ζ-determinant of the Dirichlet to Neumann map.</P>
Adiabatic limit of the eta invariant over cofinite quotients of PSL(2, ℝ)
Loya, Paul,Moroianu, Sergiu,Park, Jinsung London Mathematical Society 2008 Compositio mathematica Vol.144 No.6
<B>Abstract</B><P>The eta invariant of the Dirac operator over a non-compact cofinite quotient of PSL(2,ℝ) is defined through a regularized trace following Melrose. It reduces to the standard definition in terms of eigenvalues in the case of a totally non-trivial spin structure. When the <I>S</I><SUP>1</SUP>-fibers are rescaled, the metric becomes of non-exact fibered-cusp type near the ends. We completely describe the continuous spectrum of the Dirac operator with respect to the rescaled metric and its dependence on the spin structure, and show that the adiabatic limit of the eta invariant is essentially the volume of the base hyperbolic Riemann surface with cusps, extending some of the results of Seade and Steer.</P>
On the gluing problem for the spectral invariants of Dirac operators
Loya, Paul,Park, Jinsung Elsevier 2006 Advances in mathematics Vol.202 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>In this paper, we solve the gluing problem for the ζ-determinant of a Dirac Laplacian. To do so, we develop a new approach to solve such problems which relies heavily on the theory of elliptic boundary problems, the analysis of the resolvent of the Dirac operator, and the introduction of an auxiliary model problem. Moreover, as a byproduct of our approach we obtain a new gluing formula for the eta invariant au gratis.</P>
MORPHOLOGY CONTROL OF CARBON NANOTUBES THROUGH FOCUSED ION BEAMS
M. LOYA,J. E. PARK,L. H. CHEN,K. S. BRAMMER,P. R. BANDARU,S. JIN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2008 NANO Vol.3 No.6
This research demonstrates the capability of controlled, focused ion beam (FIB)–assisted tailoring of morphologies in both multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Y junction nonlinear CNT systems through defect engineering. We have shown that a 30 keV FIB Ga+ ion beam at low ion milling currents of 1 pA can be used to partially reduce the CNT diameter, to provide electrical conduction bottleneck morphologies for linear CNTs, and to introduce both additive and subractive defects at Y junction locations of Y-CNT samples. Our aim is for this work to provide motivation for additional research to determine the effects of ion-beam-induced changes in modulating the physical and chemical properties of nanotubes.
Hussain, Mudassar,Waqas, Omer,Hassan, Usman,Loya, Asif,Akhtar, Noreen,Mushtaq, Sajid,Yusuf, Muhammad Aasim,Syed, Aamir Ali Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5
Background: There is growing evidence that there are differences in histological and genetic characteristics along with clinical behavior between right- and left-sided colon carcinomas. We have compared various parameters of the two types and assessed associations of the results with prognosis in patients in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 200 cases from our institutional database; 100 cases of right-sided and 100 cases of left-sided colon cancer. Parameters including age, gender, TNM stage, histological features and clinical outcome were analyzed. Results: The patients with right-sided colon cancer were significantly older as compared to their counterparts with left-sided cancer. They presented with a lumbar mass rather than symptoms of obstruction and perforation as seen in left-sided colon cancers, and the histology showed higher percentage of poorly differentiated tumors with advanced pT stage. Moreover, Crohn's-like reactions, intra tumoral lymphocyte responses and other poor prognostic factors like lymph vascular invasion and perineural invasion were more common in right-sided cancers. Conclusions: We found that right- and left-sided colon cancers are different from each other in terms of clinical presentation, histology and clinical behavior. Right-sided colon cancers are more aggressive and are associated with poorer clinical outcome as compared to left sided colon cancers in our population.
Geometry transformation and alterations of periodically patterned Si nanotemplates by dry oxidation
Park, Jeongwon,Chen, Li-Han,Hong, Daehoon,Choi, Chulmin,Loya, Mariana,Brammer, Karla,Bandaru, Prab,Jin, Sungho IOP Pub 2009 Nanotechnology Vol.20 No.1
<P>We report on the size-dependent transformation and geometrical modifications of periodically patterned Si templates by a combination of dry oxidation and chemical etching. Deep ultraviolet lithography patterned circular holes with diameters varying between 190 nm and 1 µm on Si wafers were oxidized at 1000 °C using dry oxygen for various durations, with selected samples chemically etched for oxide removal for additional alterations. An interesting phenomenon of a circular-to-square shape transformation of the holes was observed, which was particularly pronounced in the sub-200 nm regime. We tentatively attribute the change to the surface energy and geometry constraints in nanoscale patterns. </P>
JIN-YEOL KIM,,KUNBAE NOH,CHULMIN CHOI,KARLA S. BRAMMER,MARIANA LOYA,LI-HAN CHEN,SUNGHO JIN,BRAMMER 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2010 NANO Vol.5 No.2
We have shown in this paper that the self-ordered pore structure of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) can be utilized as a basis to conveniently form large-area Al2O3 nanowire arrays on a glass surface. An aluminum oxide nanowire array has been produced by aluminum film deposition on glass followed by anodization, then simple chemical etching. The glass surface as prepared is highly superhydrophobic, with a contact angle as high as 169°. The thinness (~ 340 nm) and vertical alignment of the aluminum oxide nanowires with empty spaces in-between essentially contribute to maintaining the optical transparency of the glass substrate. Interestingly, substantially suppressed UV transmission in the ~ 300–400 nm spectrum region was observed with the presence of the Al2O3 nanowires on the glass substrate. Such a durable surface ceramic nanowire structure can be useful for producing superhydrophobic, self-cleaning glasses with a variety of potential applications such as UV protecting glass windows for high rise buildings with reduced consumption of water and cleaning chemicals for positive environmental effects.
Muhammad Usman Rashid,Faiz Ali Khan,Noor Muhammad,Asif Loya,Ute Hamann 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.3
Purpose Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) is a breast cancer susceptibility gene that plays an important role in DNA repair. This is the first study assessing the prevalence of PALB2 mutations in early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer patients from Pakistan. Materials and Methods PALB2 mutation screening was performed in 370 Pakistani patients with early-onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer, who were negative for BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, CHEK2, and RAD51C mutations, using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Mutations were confirmed by DNA sequencing. Novel PALB2 alterations were analyzed for their potential effect on protein function or splicing using various in silico prediction tools. Three-hundred and seventy-two healthy controls were screened for the presence of the identified (potentially) functional mutations. Results A novel nonsense mutation, p.Y743*, was identified in one familial breast cancer patient (1/127, 0.8%). Besides, four in silico-predicted potentially functional mutations including three missense mutations and one 5' untranslated region mutation were identified: p.D498Y, novel p.G644R, novel p.E744K, and novel c.-134_-133delTCinsGGGT. The mutations p.Y743* and p.D498Y were identified in two familial patients diagnosed with unilateral or synchronous bilateral breast cancer at the ages of 29 and 39, respectively. The other mutations were identified in an early-onset (! 30 years of age) breast cancer patient each. All five mutations were absent in 372 healthy controls suggesting that they are disease associated. Conclusion Our findings show that PALB2 mutations account for a small proportion of early-onset and hereditary breast/ovarian cancer cases in Pakistan.