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신경병증성통증 모델쥐에서 뇌간핵 부위에 미세 주입한 Bicuculline에 의한 척수후각세포의반응도 억제
임중우(Joong Woo Leem),최 윤(Yoon Choi),이재환(Jae 대한통증학회 1998 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.11 No.1
N/A Background: The present study was conducted to investigate effects of mieroinjection of bicuculline, GABA-A receptor antagonist, into the brain stem nuclei on the dorsal horn neuron responsiveness in rats with an experimental peripheral neuropsthy. Methods: An experimental neuropathy was induced by a unilateral ligation of L5-L6 spinal nerves of rats. After 2-3 weeks after the surgery, single-unit recording was made from wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Results: Responses of WDR neurons to both noxious and innocuous mechanical stimuli applied to the somatic reeeptive fields were enhanced on the nerve injured side. These enhanced responsiveness of WDR neurons were suppressed by microinjection of bicuculline into periaqueductal gray(PAG) or nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis(Gi). A similar suppression was also observed when morphine was microinjected into PAG or Gi. Suppressive actian by Gi-bicuculline was reversed by naloxonazine, p -opioid receptor antagonist, microinjected into PAG whereas PAG-bicuculline induced suppression was not affected by naloxonazine injection into Gi. Gi-bicuculline induced suppression were reversed by a transection of dorsolateral funiculus(DLF) of the spinal cord. Conclusions: The results suggest that endogenous opioids, via acting on GABAergic interneurons in PAG and Gi, may be involved in the control of neuropathic pain by activating the descending inhibitory pathways that project to the spinal dorsal horn through DLF to inhibit the responsiveness of WDR neurons.
교감신경 중재 통증 보유 모델 쥐에서 교감신경 활동에 의한 배근절세포의 흥분성
임중우(Joong Woo Leem),강민정(Min Jung Kang),백광 대한통증학회 1996 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.9 No.1
N/A In a normal state, sympathetic efferent activity does not elicit discharges of sensory neurons, whereas it becomes associated with and excites sensory neurons in a patho- physiological state such as injury to a peripheral nerve. Although this sympathetic-sensory interaction is reportedly adrenergic, involved subtypes of adrenoreceptors are not yet clearly revealed. The purpose of this study was to determine which adrenoreceptor sub- types were involved in sympathetic-sensory interaction that was developed in rats with an experimental peripheral neuropathy. Using rats that received a tight ligation of one or two of L4-L6 spinal nerves 10-15 days previously, a recording was made from afferent fibers in microfilaments teased from the dorsal root that was in continuity with the ligated spinal nerve. Electrical stimulation of sympathetic preganglionic fibers in T13 or Ll ventral root (50 Hz, 2-5 mA, 0.5 ms pulse duration, l0sec) was made to see if the activity of recorded afferents was modulated. About half of afferents showing spontaneous discharges responded to sympathetic stimu- lation, and had the conduction velocities in the A-fiber range. Most of the sympathetically induced afferent responses were excitation. This sympathetically induced exciitation oc- curred in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and was blocked by yohimbine (a.. blocker), nei- ther by propranolol 0 blocker) nor by prazosine (ai blocker). The results suggest that after spinal nerve ligation, sympathetic efferents interact with sensory neurons having A-fiber axons in DRG where adrenaline released from sympathetic nerve endings excites the activity of sensory neurons by acting on 2-adrenoreceptors. This 2-adrenoreceptor mediated excitation of sensory neurons may account for sympathetic in- volvement in neuropathic pain.
Leem, Jaechan,Hee Koh, Eun,Jeong, Eunheui,Jang, Jung Eun,Lee, Seung-Whan,Kang, Joon-Won,Lim, Tae-Hwan,Lee, Woo Je,Kim, Min-Seon,Park, Joong-Yeol,Lee, Ki-Up Japanese Society of Internal Medicine 2012 Internal medicine Vol.51 No.21
<P>The aim of this study was to determine whether the absence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) can safely exclude obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes.</P>
Pain-Relieving Effects of mTOR Inhibitor in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex of Neuropathic Rats
Um, Sun Woo,Kim, Min Jee,Leem, Joong Woo,Bai, Sun Joon,Lee, Bae Hwan Springer US 2019 Molecular Neurobiology Vol.56 No.4
<P>The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a well-known brain area that is associated with pain perception. Previous studies reported that the ACC has a specific role in the emotional processing of pain. Chronic pain is characterized by long-term potentiation that is induced in pain pathways and contributes to hyperalgesia caused by peripheral nerve injury. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, which is involved in synaptic protein synthesis, could be a key factor controlling long-term potentiation in neuropathic pain conditions. Until now, there have been no reports that studied the role of mTOR signaling in the ACC involved in neuropathic pain. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship of mTOR signaling in the ACC and neuropathic pain. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to cannula implantation and nerve injury under pentobarbital anesthesia. Microinjection with rapamycin into the ACC was conducted under isoflurane anesthesia on postoperative day (POD) 7. A behavioral test was performed to evaluate mechanical allodynia, and optical imaging was conducted to observe the neuronal responses of the ACC to peripheral stimulation. Inhibition of mTOR by rapamycin reduced mechanical allodynia, down-regulated mTOR signaling in the ACC, and diminished the expressions of synaptic proteins which are involved in excitatory signaling, thereby reducing neuropathic pain-induced synaptic plasticity. These results suggest that inhibiting mTOR activity by rapamycin in the ACC could serve as a new strategy for treating or managing neuropathic pain before it develops into chronic pain.</P>
Jeong, Sehee,Kim, Min Woo,Jo, Yong-Ryun,Kim, Tae-Yun,Leem, Young-Chul,Kim, Sang-Woo,Kim, Bong-Joong,Park, Seong-Ju American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.34
<P>We report the crystal-structure-dependent piezotronic and piezo-phototronic effects of ZnO/ZnS core/shell nanowires (CS NWs) having different shell layer crystalline structures. The wurtzite (WZ) ZnO/WZ ZnS CS NWs showed higher electrical transport and photosensing properties under external strain than the WZ ZnO/zinc blende (ZB) ZnS CS NWs. The WZ ZnO/WZ ZnS CS NWs under a compressive strain of −0.24% showed 4.4 and 8.67 times larger increase in the output current (1.93 × 10<SUP>-4</SUP> A) and photoresponsivity (8.76 × 10<SUP>-1</SUP> A/W) than those under no strain. However, the WZ ZnO/ZB ZnS CS NWs under the same strain condition showed 3.2 and 2.16 times larger increase in the output current (1.13 × 10<SUP>-4</SUP> A) and photoresponsivity (2.16 × 10<SUP>-1</SUP> A/W) than those under no strain. This improvement is ascribed to strain-induced piezopolarization charges at both the WZ ZnO NWs and the grains of the WZ ZnS shell layer in WZ ZnO/WZ ZnS CS NWs, whereas piezopolarization charges are induced only in the ZnO core region of the WZ ZnO/ZB ZnS CS NWs. These charges can change the type-II band alignment in the ZnO and ZnS interfacial region as well as the Schottky barrier height at the junction between the semiconductor and the metal, thus facilitating electrical transport and reducing the recombination probability of charge carriers under UV irradiation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Choi, Ji Soo,Leem, Joong Woo,Lee, Kyung Hee,Kim, Sung-Soo,SuhKim, Haeyoung,Jung, Se Jung,Kim, Un Jeng,Lee, Bae Hwan The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2012 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.16 No.6
The spontaneous axon regeneration of damaged neurons is limited after spinal cord injury (SCI). Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation was proposed as a potential approach for enhancing nerve regeneration that avoids the ethical issues associated with embryonic stem cell transplantation. As SCI is a complex pathological entity, the treatment of SCI requires a multipronged approach. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the functional recovery and therapeutic potential of human MSCs (hMSCs) and polymer in a spinal cord hemisection injury model. Rats were subjected to hemisection injuries and then divided into three groups. Two groups of rats underwent partial thoracic hemisection injury followed by implantation of either polymer only or polymer with hMSCs. Another hemisection-only group was used as a control. Behavioral, electrophysiological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on all rats. The functional recovery was significantly improved in the polymer with hMSC-transplanted group as compared with control at five weeks after transplantation. The results of electrophysiologic study demonstrated that the latency of somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) in the polymer with hMSC-transplanted group was significantly shorter than in the hemisection-only control group. In the results of immunohistochemical study, ${\beta}$-gal-positive cells were observed in the injured and adjacent sites after hMSC transplantation. Surviving hMSCs differentiated into various cell types such as neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. These data suggest that hMSC transplantation with polymer may play an important role in functional recovery and axonal regeneration after SCI, and may be a potential therapeutic strategy for SCI.