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Kim, Sunmi,Park, Jeongim,Kim, Hai-Joong,Lee, Jeong Jae,Choi, Gyuyeon,Choi, Sooran,Kim, Sungjoo,Kim, Su Young,Lee, Duk Hee,Moon, Hyo-Bang,Kim, Sungkyoon,Choi, Kyungho American Chemical Society 2015 Environmental science & technology Vol.49 No.13
<P>Exposure to several persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been linked to alteration of lipid metabolism. Adipokines, such as leptin and adiponectin, are hormones that play roles in lipid metabolism, and have been suggested as markers of health effects that may lead to obesity. To date, only serum adipokines have been associated with POPs exposure. In the present study, for the first time, the associations between leptin and adiponectin in breast milk, and several POPs in serum were investigated among 82 lactating Korean women between 25 and 46 years of age. Breast milk adipokines are important because adipokine intake of infant through breastfeeding may influence the growth of infants. The median concentrations of leptin and adiponectin in skimmed milk of the Korean lactating women were 17.9 ng/L and 16.5 μg/L, respectively. Leptin concentrations in breast milk were negatively associated with ∑hexachlorohexane (HCH), oxychlordane, ∑chlordane, or 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB 153) levels in maternal serum. Linear relationships between adiponectin and POPs concentrations were not observed, however, nonmonotonic relationship which showed generally positive associations was suggested for <I>p</I>,<I>p</I>′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and ∑chlordane in quartile analysis. Our observations show that POPs at the current level of exposure may be associated with the alteration of lipid metabolism among lactating women. Implication of adipokine transfer to breastfed infants is of concern and deserves further investigation.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/esthag/2015/esthag.2015.49.issue-13/acs.est.5b00520/production/images/medium/es-2015-00520t_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/es5b00520'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kim, Bokyung,Ji, Kyunghee,Kho, Younglim,Kim, Pan-Gyi,Park, Kyunghwa,Kim, Kyungtae,Kim, Youngsuk,Kim, Ki-Tae,Choi, Kyungho Pergamon Press 2017 Chemosphere Vol.185 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cefadroxil and cefradine have frequently been detected in surface waters, however toxicological studies in aquatic organisms have mostly been limited to acute lethal effects. In the present study, endocrine disruption caused by cefadroxil and cefradine, and its underlying mechanism were investigated by chronic exposure of <I>Daphnia magna</I> (21 d) and <I>Oryzias latipes</I> (120 d). In medaka fish, the effects on growth, mortality, and reproduction, as well as on the levels of hormones and genes related to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, were investigated after 120 d exposure. In <I>D. magna</I>, the chronic effects on growth were observed at the highest concentration of 83.0 mg L<SUP>−1</SUP> cefadroxil and 80.8 mg L<SUP>−1</SUP> cefradine. The growth of juvenile fish was significantly impaired by exposure to cefradine. Following exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine for 120 d, sex-dependent changes in E2 hormones were observed and their levels were supported by the regulation of genes along the HPG axis. We found that chronic exposure to cefadroxil and cefradine impaired growth and reproduction in a freshwater invertebrate and fish, and altered the levels of sex hormones and genes associated with the HPG axis in fish.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cefadroxil and cefradine impaired growth in a freshwater invertebrate and a fish. </LI> <LI> Cephalosporin antibiotics altered gene transcriptions of the HPG axis in fish. </LI> <LI> Cefadroxil and cefradine modulated sex hormones and genes in a sex-dependent way. </LI> </UL> </P>
Development of Integrated Analyzing and Training Simulator for Spent Nuclear Fuel Pool, CAREPooL
Yongdeog Kim,Kiyong Kim,Donghee Lee,Kyungho Roh,Taehyeon Kim,Bumgyu Kim,Taehyung Na 한국방사성폐기물학회 2023 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.21 No.1
The Comprehensive Analyzer of Real Estimation for spent fuel POOL (CAREPOOL) has been developed for evaluating the thermal safety of a spent nuclear fuel pool (SFP) during the normal and accident conditions. The management of spent nuclear fuel function provides a management tool for spent nuclear fuel in the SFP. The fuel assemblies both in SFP and reactor side can be shown graphically in the screen. The loading sequence into transfer cask can be checked respectively in the CAREPOOL. A basic heat balance equation was used to estimate the SFP temperature using the heat load calculated in the previous step. The characteristics of typical SFPs and associated cooling systems at reactor sites in the Korea were applied. Accident simulation like station black out leading to loss of SFP cooling or inventory is possible. Emergency cooling water injection pipe installed subsequent to the events at Fukushima 2011 is also modeled in this system. The CAREPOOL provides four main functions- management of spent nuclear fuel, decay heat calculation by ORIGEN-S code, estimation of the time to boil/fuel uncovering by thermal-hydraulics calculations, fuel selection for periodic spent fuel transferring campaign. All of these are integrated into the GUI based CAREPOOL system. The CAREPOOL would be very beneficial to nuclear power plant operator and trainee who have responsibility for the SFP operation.
컴퓨터 디스플레이 설정의 인지 공학적 개선안의 제안 및 비교평가
김경호(Kyungho Kim),김병구(Byunggu Kim),임승범(Seungbum Lim),김재영(Jaeyoung Kim),김신우(ShinWoo Kim) 한국HCI학회 2013 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.1
컴퓨터 디스플레이가 점차 다양화 되면서 이를 최적화하여 설정하는 것은 모든 사용자가 실행해야할 중요한 과제가 되었다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 운영체제에서 지원하는 컴퓨터 디스플레이 설정 기능에서 발생하는 문제점들을 분석하고 그것을 보완하기 위한 방안들을 제안하였다. 분석 결과 윈도우7의 경우 가장 널리 보급된 운영체제로써 많은 사람들에게 익숙하고 가장 짧은 단계를 거쳐 해상도 조절 기능으로 접근할 수 있었기 때문에 해상도 조절 부분에서 짧은 과제수행 시간, 적은 헛갈림 반응 수와 오류 횟수를 보였다. 반면 색 조절 과제에서는 매킨토시 OSX의 경우 해상도 조절 메뉴에서 한눈에 색상 조절 메뉴를 인지할 수 있기 때문에 OSX가 윈도우7에 비해 평균적으로 더 나은 수행을 나타내었다. 따라서 각 운영체제의 장점을 살리고 문제점을 보완하기 위한 방안으로 제안한 새로운 시스템은 윈도우 시리즈에 기반하고 있는 친숙한 메뉴 접근 단계, 색 조절 메뉴와 해상도 조절 메뉴의 근접성, 색 조절 메뉴가 제공하는 기능의 병렬적 제시로써 구성되었다. 제안한 기능을 구현한 결과 기존의 운영체제를 이용했을 때와 유사한 결과를 제공할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 기존의 운영체제를 사용할 때 나타나는 오류와 문제점들의 보완을 통해 수행에서의 향상을 보여 그 기능이 효율적임을 보여주었다. As computer displays in the market become more diverse and sophisticated, it became an important task for every users to adjust the setting in order to make the display optimal for his or her own purpose. In this research, we analyzed existing problems with the display setting UI and procedure of the current operating systems and propose/evaluate an alternative UI which improves them. Our analyses showed that Windows 7 resulted in fastest task time, fewer confusion responses, and error in resolution setting task probably because it is by far the most widely used OS highly familiar to our users. In contrast, Macintosh OSX showed better performance in color setting task because the system shows color control menus upfront in the resolution setting stage. Hence, in order to emphasize each system"s strength and compensate their weaknesses, we designed an alternative windows-based UI where familiar menu, resolution setting options, and color control options are presented in parallel. Evaluation of our new scheme resulted in similar setting outcome yet participants showed better performance with respect to time and accuracy compared with previous Windows 7 or OSX UIs for display setting.