Cyanobacterial Diversity Shifts Induced by Butachlor in Selected Indian Rice Fields in Eastern Uttar Pradesh and Western Bihar Analyzed with PCR and DGGE

( Kumari ),( Nidhi ),( Om Prakash Narayan ),( Lal Chand Rai ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.1

The Impact of Geopolitical Risk on Financial Conditions of Emerging Economies

Namarta Kumari BAJAJ(Namarta Kumari BAJAJ ),Tariq AZIZ(Tariq AZIZ ),Sonia KUMARI(Sonia KUMARI ),Marim ALENEZI(Marim ALENEZI ),Naif Mansour MATHKUR(Naif Mansour MATHKUR ) 한국유통과학회 2023 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.10 No.1

The detrimental impacts of financial instability on the world economy during the financial crisis highlighted the requirement to understand the existing financial circumstances. Stability and developments in financial conditions are important for economic prosperity. This study analyses the impact of geopolitical risk on the economic conditions of some specific emerging economies using monthly data from January 1999 to September 2016 by applying a fixed-effects panel data model. The estimation results demonstrated that geopolitical risk has a significant, negative impact on financial conditions. It shows geopolitical risk could be seen as a key factor that contributes towards financial conditions. Further, it implies that negative shocks of high geopolitical risk experienced by emerging economies are one of the primary reasons for the financial conditions’ deterioration. The findings provide important insights for governments, policymakers, and investors. For instance, governments and politicians should refrain from expressing or producing tension, economic discomfort, or news that is likely to increase a high geopolitical risk. Maintaining a close eye on geopolitical risk and its sources may also help to stabilize financial conditions and develop a well-functioning financial system. As a result, investors would be better informed about an economy’s economic and financial conditions, allowing them to diversify their international portfolios and devise investing strategies during uncertain economic times.

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.2

Response to the Comment by Chandra S on “Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric (AC) Field Using Ring Distribution”

Interaction of Ion Cyclotron Electromagnetic Wave with Energetic Particles in the Existence of Alternating Electric Field Using Ring Distribution

Kumari Neeta Shukla,Jyoti Kumari,Rama Shankar Pandey 한국우주과학회 2022 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.39 No.2

The elements that impact the dynamics and collaborations of waves and particles in the magnetosphere of planets have been considered here. Saturn’s internal magnetosphere is determined by substantiated instabilities and discovered to be an exceptional zone of wave activity. Interchanged instability is found to be one of the responsible events in view of temperature anisotropy and energization processes of magnetospheric species. The generated active ions alongside electrons that constitute the populations of highly magnetized planets like Saturn’s ring electron current are taken into consideration in the current framework. The previous and similar method of characteristics and the perturbed distribution function have been used to derive dispersion relation. In incorporating this investigation, the characteristics of electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave (EMIC) waves are determined by the composition of ions in plasmas through which the waves propagate. The effect of ring distribution illustrates non-monotonous description on growth rate (GR) depending upon plasma parameters picked out. Observations made by Cassini found appropriate for modern study, have been applied to the Kronian magnetosphere. Using Maxwellian ring distribution function of ions and detailed mathematical formulation, an expression for dispersion relation as well as GR and real frequency (RF) are evaluated. Analysis of plasma parameters shows that, proliferating EMIC waves are not developed much when propagation is parallelly aligned with magnetosphere as compared to waves propagating in oblique direction. GR for the oblique case, is influenced by temperature anisotropy as well as by alternating current (AC) frequency, whereas it is much affected only by AC frequency for parallel propagating waves.

Defense Inducer Compounds Up-regulated the Peroxidase, Polyphenol Oxidase, and Total Phenol Activities against Spot Blotch Disease of Wheat

Puja Kumari,Chandrashekhar Azad,Ravi Ranjan Kumar,Jyoti Kumari,Kumar Aditya,Amarendra Kumar 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.2

Spot blotch disease of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem is considered as an economically important disease which affects all the growing stages of wheat crop. Therefore, it is important to search some effective management strategies against the spot blotch pathogen. Some synthetic elicitor compounds (salicylic acid, isonicotinic acid, and chitosan) and nano-particles (silver and aluminum) were tested against the pathogen to observe the change in biochemical activity and defense action of wheat plant against spot blotch disease. All the tested elicitor compounds and nano-particles showed a significant increase in activity of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and total phenol over control. The highest increase in activity of peroxidase was recorded at 72 h from chitosan at 2 mM and 96 h from silver nano-particle at 100 ppm. Maximum PPO and total phenol activity were recorded from chitosan at 2 mM and silver nano-particle at 100 ppm as compared to pathogen-treated and healthy control. The lowest percent disease index, lowest no. of spots/leaf, and no. of infected leaves/plant were found in silver nano-particle at 100 ppm and chitosan at 2 mM, respectively. The use of defense inducer compounds results in significantly up-regulated enzymatic activity and reduced spot blotch disease. Therefore, chitosan and silver nanoparticle could be used as alternative methods for the management of spot blotch disease.

Improved efficiency of DTGe(FBTTh₂)₂-based solar cells by using macromolecular additives: How macromolecular additives versus small additives influence nanoscale morphology and photovoltaic performance

Kumari, Tanya,Moon, Mijin,Kang, So-Huei,Yang, Changduk Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.24 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In order to address the question of how macromolecular additive processing in recent years, sparsely used, affects structural organization and photovoltaic performance, various macromolecular additives (PS, PDMS, and PMMA) vis-à-vis small DIO additive are applied to a model bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) system based on DTGe(FBTTh<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>. These additives have been shown to exhibit a strong influence on film morphology as a function of additives type, with significant changes in packing orientation, film roughness, and feature size observed, leading to improved power-conversion efficiency (PCE). Interestingly, an unexpectedly large increase in PCEs, from 6.03% to 7.07%, is demonstrated upon adding 1% (w/w) PMMA to DTGe(FBTTh<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>:PC<SUB>61</SUB>BM devices, possessing an even greater PCE than DIO. In addition, when 0.2% (v/v) DIO is added to DTGe(FBTTh<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>:PC<SUB>71</SUB>BM, several key device metrics increase, producing the highest PCE of 7.55% for DTGe(FBTTh<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>-based devices to date. In the present work, PMMA is confirmed to provide a highly effective means for controlling morphology and significantly enhancing PCEs. Not only do the results from this study will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying the impact of macromolecular additive processing, but they will also be key in leading to future studies that will elucidate the driving forces behind and exact points of interaction of macromolecular additives.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effects of various macromolecular additives on OPV performance are investigated. </LI> <LI> Introducing PMMA in DTGe(FBTTh2)2:PC61BM can bring 17% improvement in the efficiency. </LI> <LI> The efficiency up to 7.55% in DIO-treated DTGe(FBTTh2)2:PC71BM films is achieved. </LI> <LI> Our study aids in understanding the mechanisms of the macromolecular additives. </LI> <LI> PMMA utility should be applicable to various other organic solar systems. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effect of hydrazine on structural, morphological and magnetic properties of SmCo-Co nanocomposites

Kumari Kavita,Kumar Akshay,Park Su-Jeong,Sharma Mohit K.,Yadav Naveen,Kumar Manish,Kumar Shalendra,Huh Seok-Hwan,Kim Jong-Woo,Koo Bon-Heun 한국물리학회 2023 Current Applied Physics Vol.53 No.-

In the present work, one-dimensional (1-D) SmCo-Co magnetic nanocomposites are prepared in a single-pot chemical synthesis in the presence of external magnetic field with varying amounts of hydrazine hydrate with samples named as: SC-2 mL, SC-4 mL, SC-6 mL and SC-8 mL. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns revealed the formation of Sm2Co17 (P63/mmc), Sm(OH)3 (P63/m) and hcp-Co (P63/mmc) phases. The 1-D nanocomposites are found to possess the highest aspect ratio (~6.3), lowest crystallite size (~49 nm) and highest developed strain (~4.76 x 10-3) corresponding to SC-4 mL. The magnetic response of the samples is found to be affected by the hydrazine amount showing highest saturation magnetization (~156 emu/g) and effective magnetic anisotropy (~1.2 x 106 erg/cm3) for SC-4 mL with highest exchange coupling observed using Bloch law fitting. The results indicate suppressing behaviour of hydrazine amount to be utilized up to a certain limit.

Genetic diversity assessment of lily genotypes native to Korea based on simple sequence repeat markers

Kumari, Shipra,Kim, Young-Sun,Kanth, Bashistha Kumar,Jang, Ji-Young,Lee, Geung-Joo The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2019 식물생명공학회지 Vol.46 No.3

Molecular characterization of different genotypes reveals accurate information about the degree of genetic diversity that helps to develop a proper breeding program. In this study, a total of 30 EST-based simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers derived from trumpet lily (Lilium longiflorum) were used across 11 native lily species for their genetic relationship. Among these 30 markers, 24 SSR markers that showed polymorphism were used for evaluation of diversity spectrum. The allelic number at per locus ranged from 1 at SSR2 locus to 34 alleles at SSR15 locus, with an average of 11.25 alleles across 24 loci observed. The polymorphic information content, PIC, values ranged from 0.0523 for SSR9 to 0.9919 for SSR2 in all 24 loci with an average of 0.3827. The allelic frequency at every locus ranged from 0.81% at SSR2 locus to 99.6% at SSR14 locus. The pairwise genetic dissimilarity coefficient revealed the highest genetic distance with a value of 81.7% was in between L. dauricum and L. amabile. A relatively closer genetic distance was found between L. lancifolium and L. dauricum, L. maximowiczii and L. concolor, L. maximowiczii and L. distichum (Jeju), L. tsingtauense and L. callosum, L. cernuum and L. distichum (Jeju ecotype), of which dissimilarity coefficient was 50.0%. The molecular fingerprinting based on microsatellite marker could serve boldly to recognize genetically distant accessions and to sort morphologically close as well as duplicate accessions.

Investigating the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange bias through interface effects of nanocrystalline FeCo

Kumari Kavita,아크샤이 쿠마르,Shin MinJi,Kumar Shalendra,허석환,Koo Bon Heun 한국물리학회 2021 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.79 No.12

The magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the exchange bias in nanocrystalline FeCo with and without a post-synthesis hightemperature thermal treatment have been investigated. The synthesized products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and dc magnetization. The XRD spectra revealed the presence of secondary phases which reduced after thermal treatment resulting in the formation of single-phase polycrystalline FeCo. The FE-SEM micrographs confirmed the formation of impurities, which disappeared after thermal treatment, along with the substantial grain growth. The uniform distribution of the elements was confirmed through EDS spectra. The temperature and the magnetic field-dependent magnetization measurements under various conditions showed that, as a consequence of thermal treatment, the saturation magnetization and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy has been enhanced along with the generation of exchange bias. The phenomena of grain growth, formation of grain boundary and the exchange interactions have been described with the help of the proposed mechanism. In brief, the post-synthesis high-temperature thermal treatment induced structural as well as microstructural variations leading to the formation of grain boundaries. These grain boundaries provided interface regions for the occurrence of exchange interactions, which enhanced the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and induced exchange bias in nanocrystalline FeCo.

Ternary solar cells with a mixed face-on and edge-on orientation enable an unprecedented efficiency of 12.1%

Kumari, Tanya,Lee, Sang Myeon,Kang, So-Huei,Chen, Shanshan,Yang, Changduk Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Vol.10 No.1

<P>Ternary organic solar cells (OSCs), with a simple structure, can be easily adopted as sub-cells in a tandem design, thereby further enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE). Considering the potential to surpass the theoretical PCE limit in OSCs, we incorporated a benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>;4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene-based small molecule into a poly(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-<I>b</I>;4,5-<I>b</I>′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-<I>alt</I>-(4-(2-ethylhexyl)-3-fluorothieno[3,4-<I>b</I>]thiophene-)-2-carboxylate-2-6-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester host system. A hitherto unrealized PCE of 12.1% was achieved at the optimized composition of the ternary blend. The ternary blend surprisingly had a face-on and edge-on co-existent texture, which is far better than that of the face-on orientated host film. To the best of our knowledge, this intriguing result refutes for the first time a general paradigm that high-performance OSCs are unambiguously linked to face-on structures. Therefore, our study provides a new platform for refining the theoretical underpinning of multiple blending OSCs.</P>