IL-4 and IL-5 Secretions Predominate in the Airways of Wistar Rats Exposed to Toluene Diisocyanate Vapor

Kouadio, Kouame,Zheng, Kui-Cheng,Toure, Abdoulaye Abba,Dosso, Mireille,Todoriki, Hidemi The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2014 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.47 No.1

Objectives: We established a Wistar rat model of asthma caused by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure, and investigated the relationship between TDI exposure concentrations and respiratory hypersensitivity, airway inflammation, and cytokine secretions in animals, to better understand the mechanism of TDI induced occupational asthma. Methods: Wistar rats were exposed to two different concentrations of TDI vapor four hours a day for five consecutive days. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed, and differential leucocytes from the BAL fluid were analyzed. Lung histopathological examination was carried out to investigate the inflammatory status in the airways. Production of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 productions in the BAL fluid in vivo was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: The TDI-exposed rats exhibited greater airway hypersensitivity symptoms than the control rats. The BAL differential cell count and lung histopathological examination demonstrated that inflammation reactions were present in both the central and peripheral airways, characterized with marked infiltration of eosinophils in the TDI-exposed rats. The cytokine assay showed that IL-4 and IL-5 were predominantly produced in the BAL fluid in vivo. Conclusions: These findings imply that TDI exposure concentrations may greatly affect the occurrence and extent of inflammatory events and that Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of TDI-induced occupational respiratory hypersensitivity.

IL-4 and IL-5 Secretions Predominate in the Airways of Wistar Rats Exposed to Toluene Diisocyanate Vapor

Kouame Kouadio,Kui-Cheng Zheng,Abdoulaye Abba Toure,Mireille Dosso,Hidemi Todoriki 대한예방의학회 2014 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.47 No.1

Objectives: We established a Wistar rat model of asthma caused by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure, and investigated the relationshipbetween TDI exposure concentrations and respiratory hypersensitivity, airway inflammation, and cytokine secretions in animals,to better understand the mechanism of TDI induced occupational asthma. Methods: Wistar rats were exposed to two different concentrations of TDI vapor four hours a day for five consecutive days. Bronchoalveolarlavage (BAL) was performed, and differential leucocytes from the BAL fluid were analyzed. Lung histopathological examination was carried out to investigate the inflammatory status in the airways. Production of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5 productions in the BAL fluid in vivo was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results: The TDI-exposed rats exhibited greater airway hypersensitivity symptoms than the control rats. The BAL differential cell count and lung histopathological examination demonstrated that inflammation reactions were present in both the central and peripheral airways, characterized with marked infiltration of eosinophils in the TDI-exposed rats. The cytokine assay showed that IL-4 and IL-5 were predominantly produced in the BAL fluid in vivo. Conclusions: These findings imply that TDI exposure concentrations may greatly affect the occurrence and extent of inflammatory events and that Th2 type cytokines may play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of TDI-induced occupational respiratory hypersensitivity.

Proposed Message Transit Buffer Management Model for Nodes in Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Network

Gballou Yao, Theophile,Kimou Kouadio, Prosper,Tiecoura, Yves,Toure Kidjegbo, Augustin International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.1

This study is situated in the context of intelligent transport systems, where in-vehicle devices assist drivers to avoid accidents and therefore improve road safety. The vehicles present in a given area form an ad' hoc network of vehicles called vehicular ad' hoc network. In this type of network, the nodes are mobile vehicles and the messages exchanged are messages to warn about obstacles that may hinder the correct driving. Node mobilities make it impossible for inter-node communication to be end-to-end. Recognizing this characteristic has led to delay-tolerant vehicular networks. Embedded devices have small buffers (memory) to hold messages that a node needs to transmit when no other node is within its visibility range for transmission. The performance of a vehicular delay-tolerant network is closely tied to the successful management of the nodes' transit buffer. In this paper, we propose a message transit buffer management model for nodes in vehicular delay tolerant networks. This model consists in setting up, on the one hand, a policy of dropping messages from the buffer when the buffer is full and must receive a new message. This drop policy is based on the concept of intermediate node to destination, queues and priority class of service. It is also based on the properties of the message (size, weight, number of hops, number of replications, remaining time-to-live, etc.). On the other hand, the model defines the policy for selecting the message to be transmitted. The proposed model was evaluated with the ONE opportunistic network simulator based on a 4000m x 4000m area of downtown Bouaké in Côte d'Ivoire. The map data were imported using the Open Street Map tool. The results obtained show that our model improves the delivery ratio of security alert messages, reduces their delivery delay and network overload compared to the existing model. This improvement in communication within a network of vehicles can contribute to the improvement of road safety.

Biogenic Amine, Fatty Acid, and Volatile Compound Contents in Ivorian Traditionally Fermented Fish “Adjuevan”

Clementine Amenan Kouakou-Koua,Florent Kouadio N’guessan,Didier Montet,Marcellin Koffi Dje 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.25 No.1

This study identified biogenic amines, fatty acids, and volatile compounds in adjuevan, an Ivorian traditionally salted and fermented fish. Samples were obtained from two processing methods (method 1: entire fish adjuevan; method 2: both sides filleted adjuevan) with the fish species Galeoides decadactylus. Biogenic amines found in freshly produced adjuevan were histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, β-phenyl ethylamine, and spermidine. Among these, the most prevalent were β-phenyl ethylamine and cadaverine. Biogenic amine contents varied according to the processing method but remained lower than levels considered hazardous for human health. The major fatty acids present in adjuevan from method 1 were docosahexaenoic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid. In adjuevan from method 2, the major fatty acids were oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid. The omega (ω)-3/ω-6 ratio was 8.87 and 4.12 for adjuevan from methods 1 and 2, respectively. Most of the fatty acids are considered healthy fats, making adjuevan a useful food for treating and preventing lifestyle diseases. The volatile compounds found composed of 19 aldehydes, 12 alcohols, 7 esters, 7 ketones, 3 furans, 10 aromatic compounds, and 7 acids with aldehyde, alcohol, and ester compounds as the predominant groups. Among the aldehydes, 2,4-heptadienal (E,Z), octanal, and 2-octenal (E) were most prevalent in adjuevan from method 1, whereas 2-nonenal (E), 2,4-heptadienal (E,Z), and octanal were most prevalent in adjuevan from method 2.

Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes Defined by ER/PR and HER2 Status: Association with Clinicopathologic Parameters in Ivorian Patients

Effi, Ahoua B,Aman, N'guiessan A,Koui, Baumaney S,Koffi, Kouadio D,Traore, Zie C,Kouyate, Mohamed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.4

Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that represents a major public health problem. The immunohistochemical determination of breast cancer subtypes with regard to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) status can contribute to improved selection of therapy and patientcare. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of the molecular breast cancer subtypes and to assess their associations with classical clinicopathologic parameters for better therapeutic decisions in women with breast cancer in the Ivory Coast. Materials and Methods: Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded blocks of patients diagnosed with primary breast carcinoma were subjected to immunohistochemical assay for the assessment of ER/RP and HER2 expression. The one-way analysis of variance evaluated the difference between breast cancer subtypes and mean age of patients. The Chi-square Test was used to compare standard clinicopathologic prognostic parameters with tumor subtypes. Results. Among 302 patients, 57% were premenopausal and 43% were postmenopausal. The invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC NOS) (82.8%) was the most frequent histological type, and the tumor grade 2 (56%) was predominant followed by grade 3 (20.9%). The proportion of positivity of ER, PR, and HER2 was 56%, 49%, and 15.6%, respectively. Half of patients of this study (51.6%) had luminal A breast tumor type followed by TN (32.1%). Other subtypes were luminal B (10.1% ) and non-luminal HER2+ (6.3%). Conclusions. The findings of the present study are in line with the literature and should assist in management of breast cancer in our country.

Occurrence of Multidrug Resistance in Campylobacter from Ivorian Poultry and Analysis of Bacterial Response to Acid Shock

Bernadette Gblossi Goualié,Honoré Gnenequidou Ouattara,Eric Essoh Akpa,Nathalie kouadio Guessends,Souleymane Bakayoko,Sébastien Lamine Niamké,Mireille Dosso 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.4

The level of antibiotic multiresistance ofCampylobacter strains from chicken was evaluated andresponses to the bactericidal effects of organic acids wereanalyzed. Strains (76) isolated from chicken were analyzedfor resistance to antibiotics and acid shock. A high strainresistance to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and nalidixicacid) was observed, with cross resistance to both drugs in41% of strains. A low resistance was observed for amoxicillin,erythromycin, and gentamicin. Campylobacter jejuni wasthe most resistant species. Antibacterial activities againstmultiresistant Campylobacter strains were observed usingacetic, citric, and ascorbic acids at minimum bactericidalconcentrations (MBC) ranging from 0.3 to 3 mg/mL. Acetic acid was the most efficient acid with the lowestMBC value. However, a contact time of 4 h was requiredfor an efficient effect against Campylobacter contaminatedchicken skin. Using organic acids in the poultry productionchain can reduce propagation of antibiotic multiresistantstrains of Campylobacter.