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Karuppiah, J.,Mok, Y.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.29
Pristine Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> catalysts were prepared by co-impregnation technique for dry reforming of propane. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to examine the structure and morphology of the catalysts before and after the reforming reactions. The excellent interaction between catalyst active phases was observed in both CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> stabilized with polyethelene glycol (Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-PEG). Towards C<SUB>3</SUB>H<SUB>8</SUB> and CO<SUB>2</SUB> conversion, the CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-PEG showed improved catalytic activity when compared to the pristine Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> catalyst. Interestingly, high H<SUB>2</SUB> concentration was achieved with the CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and high CO concentration with the Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-PEG, which is due to the nanoconfinement of nickel particles within the support and favorable metal-support interaction as a result of plasma reduction. The CeO<SUB>2</SUB>-Ni/γ-Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> catalyst exhibited better stability for anti-sintering and coke resistance, thus exhibiting high reactivity and durability in the dry reforming.
Dry reforming of propane over NiO-CeO<sub>2</sub> loaded anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) catalysts
( Jayakodi Karuppiah ),목영선 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1
The dry reforming of propane with CO<sub>2</sub> was carried out in a thermocatalytic reactor. The catalytic performance of AAO supported catalysts with various nickel and Ceria loadings at different reaction temperatures. The obtained results show that both C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> conversions increased with increasing ceria loading up to 80% and 20% NiO/CeO<sub>2</sub>-AAO catalysts showed the highest activity for dry reforming reaction. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM, EDX dot-mapping, and BET analysis. The results of catalyst testing revealed that the catalysts with higher ceria loading catalyst NiO (0.2M)+CeO<sub>2</sub> (0.8M) have superior catalytic performance for activity and stability than other loading. Although Ni-based catalysts have been intensively employed in reforming reactions, they commonly suffer severe deactivation due to sintering of metal particles and carbon deposition. After 12 h under stream at 540°C, CeO<sub>2</sub>/AAO catalysts, showed a stable operation in presence of a deposited amorphous carbon. The main advantage of a plated catalyst is effective heat exchange and the formation of the NiO and CeO<sub>2</sub>-bimetallic oxides on AAO support, which brings about the improvement in catalytic activity.
( Jayakodi Karuppiah ),목영선,( M. S. P. Sudhakaran ) 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
In this study NiO, CoOx, CeO2 and CuO nanostructured catalysts were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method. The catalytic performance of these catalysts was investigated using the selective catalytic reduction of N2O by propane in the presence of O2, H2O. They prepared catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Remarkably the CoOx, CeO2 and CuO/Ni foam catalyst exhibits greatly improved SCR of N2O performance and stability. The catalytic activity tests revealed that CoOx/NiF nanoneedles achieved relatively higher N2O conversions than NiO/NiF nanoflacks. The characterization of the CeO2 catalysts indicated that CeO2-NPS had a higher exposure of the CeO2 (100) crystal plane and possessed more Ni2+ species, oxygen vacancies and surface-adsorbed oxygen.
( Sudhakaran ),( Jayakodi Karuppiah ),목영선 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
A total oxidation of p-xylene by non-thermal plasma reactor (NTP) using anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) support. The AAO is promoted with Mn and Co oxides by impregnation method. The formation of Mn and Co oxides on AAO is confirmed using XRD, XPS and FE-SEM. The performances of the NTP reactor are tested by varying applied voltages and the specific input energies. The observed major and by-products by the decomposition of p-xylene are carbon oxides (CO and CO2) and alcohol, aldehydes respectively. Our experimental results suggested that the Mn, Co oxides on AAO are improved the conversion efficiency, high selectivity than bare AAO. Especially, MnOx shows better performance than CoOx, due to the formation of atomic oxygen by in-situ decomposition of ozone. Overall, the MnOx and CoOx on AAO are efficient catalysts to decompose the toxic p-xylene by NTP technique.
( Sudhakaran ),( J Karuppiah ),목영선 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0
In this work, we are successfully studied a destruction of p-xylene by non-thermal plasma reactor (NTP) system at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using nickel foam support. The plasma catalytic system was improved with metal oxides, i.e., Mn, Zn and Ti oxides by impregnation method and various characterisations is analysised-using study XRD, FE-SEM, BET and FT-IR. The performances of the NTP reactor are tested by varying voltage and the specific input energies. Combining plasma with catalyst could improve the p-xylene removal efficiency and the observed major and carbons by-products by the decomposition of p-xylene are carbon oxides. Notably, TiO2 shows better performance than MnOx and ZnO, which might be due to the photo-oxidation activity of TiO2. Finally, the plasma-photo catalyst combined system is useful for the removing of high concentration of p-xylene.
Analysis of dual‑input three‑port isolated DC–DC converter with bidirectional capability
Arulmozhi Subramanian,Santha Karuppiah 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.4
Multiport converters gain prominent importance in electric vehicle (EV) and DC micro-grid applications for their capability to integrate multiple renewable power sources and energy storage systems. The stored energy in the battery balances the load demand during intermittent power generation from the photovoltaic (PV) source. However, charging the drained battery in the complete absence of PV power interrupts the overall operation of the system. Hence, a modified dual-input three-port isolated bidirectional converter is proposed to handle bidirectional power transfer in the output port and to utilize available power for battery charging. Implementation of a mode selection logic controller with optimal maximum power point tracking and pulse width modulated controllers improves the reliability of the converter. The equivalent circuit of the proposed topology and its mathematical model help evaluate the loss of components at different conduction intervals. The computed device losses, inductor and capacitor equivalent series resistance losses, and other losses clearly depict the effect on the performance of the proposed converter. Thus, the predicted efficiency is validated by the experimental data of the laboratory prototype, substantiating the performance of the converter.
Modified high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter topology
Somalinga, Sethuraman S.,Santha, Karuppiah The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.1
A modified topology to obtain a high efficiency bidirectional type DC-DC converter without magnetic coupling is proposed in this paper. The modified circuit contains four switches with their body diodes, two inductors and a capacitor, and the topology arrangement uses two boost converters to develop the gain. The input current of the modified topology is divided between two different values of inductors, which results in high efficiency. In the buck mode, an obvious reduction in the voltage gain and an improved efficiency can be seen using synchronous rectification. The modified topology improves performance, allows for easy control structures and can be used in low output voltage high current battery charging applications. Simulations of the proposed system have been carried out through MATLAB/SIMULINK software. In addition, it has been validated through a 12 V/120 V, 40 W prototype circuit.
Catalytic Nonthermal plasma reactor for decomposition of p-xylene by MnOx and CoOx/ AAO catalysts
( Sudhakaran ),목영선,( Jayakodi Karuppiah ) 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1
A total oxidation of a model volatile organic compound p-xylene has been studied in a catalytic non-thermal plasma reactor, where anodized aluminium oxide (AAO) was used as an inner electrode. The AAO was further modified with Mn and Co oxides by impregnation, the performance of the NTP reactor was tested for the oxidation of p-xylene in the specific input energy range 480 -1170 (J/l) by varying the high voltage. It has been observed that MnOx and CoOx/AAO catalysts not only improved the conversion of p-xylene, but also increased the selectivity towards total oxidation. Among these two selected catalysts, MnOx/AAO modification showed better performance than CoOx, which may be endorsed to the formation of atomic oxygen by in situ decomposition of ozone. It is possible to completely oxidize for 250 ppm of p-xylene at SIE < 1170 J/l.