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- 저자 : Karthikeyan Ramachandran (검색결과 3 건)
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Union dyeing of cotton/nylon blended fabric by plasma-nano chitosan treatment
Karthikeyan Kaliyamoorthi,Ramachandran Thangavelu 한국의류학회 2015 Fashion and Textiles Vol.2 No.1
Current union dyeing processes rely on one or two dye baths with one or two dyes for cotton/nylon blend fabrics. For 50:50 cotton/nylon fabrics, cotton is dyed first under alkaline condition with reactive dyes and then the nylon is dyed with acid dyes under acidic condition. Atmospheric plasma- nano Chitosan treatment as an environmentally friendly method was employed to modify surface properties of cotton/nylon blend fabrics to develop union dyeing with acid dyes. Cellulose fibers when immersed in water produce a negative electro-kinetic potential. The negative charge on the fiber repels the anionic dye ions and consequently the exhaustion of the dye bath is limited. When the fabric is treated with chitosan, the primary hydroxyl groups of cellulose is partially modified into amide groups, which intern leads the cellulose to act like as polyamide fiber. Experimental work was carried out on finding the possibility of one bath dyeing of plasma- chitosan pretreated cotton/nylon fabric with acid dyes. Plasma treated cotton/nylon surface characteristics were evaluated using FTIR. The surface activation using air plasma introduces different functional groups in cotton/nylon blend fabric. The effect of plasma-nano chitosan pretreatment on dye ability, fastness, and few physicochemical properties has been investigated, and results are presented. The cotton/nylon sample treated with 0.3% of chitosan nanoparticles had higher K/S values, washing, and crocking fastness. New method of union dyeing showed good fastness properties and offers the option of eco-friendly.
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T. Arunkumar,Velmurugan Pavanan,Vijay Anand Murugesan,V. Mohanavel,Karthikeyan Ramachandran 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.1
This study emphasis on a novel fabrication technique to fabricate hybrid cermets using Al 6061 alloy with nano sized SiC,Al2O3 and TiO2 as reinforcements. During the fabrication process, the melted pool was ultrasonicated to disperse nanoparticles at 20 kHz for 5 min and pressure of 50 MPa was applied to eliminate voids. The infuence of nanoparticles on physical,thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile, wear and thermal studies. Cermets with Al2O3 reinforcementsshowed higher mechanical performance compared to Al alloy. This enhancement could be related to the uniform distribution of Al2O3 with refnement in grain size of Al alloy which was observed via surface analysis. The morphological studiesprovided justifable evidence of homogeneous distribution, nominal cluster along with agglomeration and cavities shrinkingon the cermets. The agglomeration of nanoparticles along with SiC protected the cermet in corrosion and abrasive wearby~97% and~71%. The study evidenced the novel fabrication method using ultrasonic rheo-squeeze casting led to improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid cermets.
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Chitra Devi Venkatachalam,Sarath Sekar,Sathish Raam Ravichandran,Mothil Sengottian,Karthikeyan Chinnusamy Sukumar,Dhinakar Chenniappan,Gnana Aravindh Ramachandran 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.28 No.3
The rising demand for cleaner energy among the nations has turned the focus from fossil fuel-based energy sources to renewables like biomass, solar, wind, etc. Biomass conversion to fuel has increased research in recent times due to its ease and availability throughout the year. Hydrothermal liquefaction is the process where biomass converts to a liquid product via complex reaction mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the hydrothermal liquefaction of algal biomass and the improvements in the bio-crude yield using heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts. Many references have been reviewed to provide the sources for the process and have been critically well structured. This review also provided information regarding the reaction pathway for algal biomass and the effects of process parameters like temperature, residence time, pH, etc. The focus of the review is on the effects of various catalysts based on their dosage whose results collected from various sources have been tabulated. The review briefly discusses the applications of products formed during hydrothermal liquefaction after post-processing.
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