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Ultrastructural Changes In the Midgut During Metamorphosis inApis Cerana Indica.
Kalpana M. Kelwadkar,Deepak D. Barsagade 한국잠사학회 2008 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.16 No.1
The midgut epithelium of Indian honey bee Apis cerana indica is consist of digestive cells and small regenerative cells. The regenerative cells are placed in the nests scattered among the digestive cells. During metamorphosis the midgut of Apis cerana indica is remodeled. The larval midgut epithelium and muscular sheath digested partially at the end of larval period and thrown out in the form of debris in the lumen. The new epithelium is formed by the proliferation of the regenerative cells and during pupation reorganization of midgut layer occurs. The ultrastuctural studies shows that the regenerative cells are in contact with degenerative cells by the cytoplasmic extension which have many septed and gap junctions in the fifth instar larvae. In developing pupae reorganization of the midgut epithelium is continued whereas in the pharate adult the midgut wall shows, characteristic of adult midgut epithelium with pycnotic nuclei in some cells.
Women’s Empowerment in Building Disaster Resilient Communities
Kalpana ARYAL 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2014 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.10 No.1
Nepal is one of the 20 most disaster-prone countries in the world. Unequal access to and control over resources by women also add to Nepal’s vulnerability. Rautahat district faces many hazards every year, such as floods, fire, epidemics, and cold waves. Floods displace more than 756 families temporarily each year. Women are considered the most vulnerable group in disaster situations due to several factors, such as illiteracy, poverty, lack of awareness, social taboos, domestic and other violence, lack of access to and control over resources, low influence and decision-making capacity and so on. Disaster risk reduction, as a multi-hazard approach, is directly linked to community resiliency. It covers all aspects of development identified by local communities. With the objective of empowering women for leadership skills in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA), via the Nepal Red Cross Society, we established six Women Empowerment Centers (WEC) in the Village Development Committees (VDCs). The project has equipped them with several training inputs. WEC members have had several tangible achievements by mobilizing community people in the sector of disaster management and by coordinating with other agencies for the technical expertise they need.
Kalpana, Duraisamy,Cha, Hyo-Jung,Choi, Tae-Ki,Lee, Yang-Soo The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2011 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.24 No.6
Mulberries have importance in the sericulture industry as food for Bombyx mori, silkworm reared for its silk. Korean Morus alba have many cultivars and, for the protection of these cultivars and for utilization in plant-breeding programs, genetic information and the diversity among cultivars are essential. This study with 14 mulberry genotypes was undertaken using RAPD and ISSR fingerprinting to discover the genetic divergences between cultivars. Polymorphism rate among the cultivars produced by RAPD primer was found to be 64.48% and 66.29% relative to ISSR primer. The genetic relationships among the cultivars were identified using a dendrogram constructed with the UPGMA clustering method. Nei's method was used to calculate the genetic dissimilarity coefficients between each pair of genotypes, and the highest dissimilarity coefficient of 0.246 was exhibited between Suwon and Hwanggum cultivars. To determine the efficiency of each primer, a polymorphic index was calculated, and the robustness of the dendrogram was checked using cophenetic correlation coefficient. The results of this study can be utilized for the improvement of mulberry varieties in plant-breeding programs.
Kalpana Mody,Yasmin Khambhaty,B. Jha 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.6
The phenotypic and carrageenolytic features of a novel halo tolerant marine bacterium, isolated from decayed red algal samples collected along the west coast of India were studied. This gram-negative strain was identified as Pseudomonas elongata (MTCC 5261) syn. Microbulbifer elongatus comb. nov according to its morphological, physiological and molecular characterization. The extracellular κ-carrageenase was purified 106.54-fold by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation (40~60%) and successive gel filtration chromatography. The purified protein fraction yielded significantly high activity of 426.19 units/mg protein and migrated as a single band on a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with a molecular weight of ~128 kDa. For κ-carrageenase activity, optimum temperature was 40℃ whereas two pH optima i.e. 5.6 and 7.7 were observed. For κ-carrageenan, the enzyme gave a Km value of 6.66 mg/mL and a Vmax value of 4 μmol/min/mg when the reaction was carried out at 40℃ and pH 5.6. Isolated κ-carrageenase could successfully generate protoplasts of Kappaphycus alvarezii. This is the first report on the production of κ-carrageenase by this bacterium isolated from west coast of India. Molecular mass and various characteristics showed that the carrageenase from P. elongata was much different from those previously reported.