공인중개사의 불법행위 유형과 형사책임

정신교 ; 차시환 ; 추봉조 김천대학교 2011 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.32 No.-

The primary purpose of the national real estate brokerage system with their real estate transaction is to take place safely and quickly. Real estate transactions to take place quick-ly and safely, the real estate deal in terms of things there should be no problems with rights, and acquired real estate acquired to be utilized appropriately for the purpose will be that. This paper is analysis the type of prohibited and practices of real estate Broker's law and criminal penalties for violations of this regulation is for the Discussion Korea's Real Estate Section to be recognized as a professional is needed to compen-sate the institutional, real estate broker's aggressive penalties for the illegal acts must be present. Despite of clear evidence of the existence of penalties and the alleged discovery, because it's difficult to prove a direct criminal penalties will be difficult. Therefore, Real estate strict penalties for the illegal types are needed. And it is also needed for improved methods of investigation. And the ethics of real estate brokers is essential.

명예훼손에 대한 ISP의 형사책임

정신교, 추봉조, 차시환 김천대학교 2012 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.33 No.-

ISP is Internet operators means that If you have access to the Internet to take advantage of the general users, businesses, institutions, organizations, etc. Typically refers users to Internet access, Web site hosting, search engines, bulletin board system provides various services, such as those that provide through the Internet. This paper examined ISP's civil liability and criminal liability from point of view of the Criminal Act. As a result, ISP's Criminal liability shall be limited to aiding and abetting by omission' only when ISP's access and control against illegal contents objectively admit-ted. The damage of defamation using the internet is so quick and extensive that in many cases the results from human rights violations due to it happen to be gone to an irreversible state to recover. The thing that will need to be preceded before the criminal law restriction on internet defamation, is the freedom of speech and harmonizing issues It is difficult to draw the exact line for the collision between freedom of speech on the Internet and rights of respect for individuals. In other words, defamation issues should be dealt carefully to protect rights of respect for individuals because cyber space doesn't permit an individual infinite freedom of speech. Basically admitting freedom of speech, a limited responsibility should be asked within the boundary of not violating a personal honor.

각국의 성폭력범죄 비교 및 검토

추봉조 ; 차시환 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

With women and children for sexualtypical case of rape cases on the rise in our soci ety continue to Yongsan child abuse cases since 2000 (2006.2), the amount Hye, arts events (2007.12). sexuesin case (2009.12), szimgiltae case (2010.2), gimsucheol case(2010 6), Gwangjin housewife murder (2012 08), and the like. May exacerbate the anxiety and fear of the people, for the crime. Accordingly, var- ious measures have poured out competitively government and parliament. Identifying sex offenders, especially public institutions in 2000, 2007 Electronic Monitoring System, in 2010 DNA Database System. 2011 drug treatment is also being implement-ed and the like. The problem is also important to have emerged more powerful than the correspond- ing criminal sanctions to the atrocious crimes of sexual violence, but this is getting so angry criminal sanctions for human rights violations, according to the information is dif-ficult to carry, and also the effectiveness of the policy is to ensure the problem The sit-uation facing the. And now became so difficult to understand the complex system of legal experts and law-related sexual crimes. This study is the analysis, we propose a method to incorporate the structural prob-lems of the Penal Code and the Criminal Penal Code and special laws and regulations in the country for sexual offenses, and review current legislation on sexual violence against international crime. This study analyzes what the nature of the crime of sexual violence response plan that is currently being implemented in the country know, and the problem of comparative legal study such as this throughout the United States, Germany, Japan, the major crimes of sexual violence response system, including the criminal We present a countermeasure for our sexual reality.

사법협조자 형벌감면제도

차시환 ; 추볼조 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2013 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.34 No.-

Unlike crimes is which there is a specific victim, organized crime or these regarding corruption are conducted in an organized fashion, and thus it is hard for people other than the accomplice to provide direct evidence for the crime or for law enforcement to expect the accomplice to testify even with the possible danger of self-incrimination In order to cope with this phenomenon, there is discussion about the system which gives a immunity or a less severe punishment to the criminal who contributed remarkably to determine the entire picture of the crime. there are several systems which are analogous to that, such as perpetuation of evi-dence, suspension of indictment, however, they have too considerable drawack to derive a voluntary aid efficiently from the criminal. Recently, the ministry of justice proposed to amend the criminal law and the criminal procedure law. We will achieve the desired outcome if we make a law concretely and clearly through a full discussion about anticipated problems, and reconsider the problems that might occur after the implementation of this system.

음주교통사고의 미필적 고의 적용가능성

차시환 ; 추봉조 ; 정신교 김천대학교 2014 김천대학교 논문집 Vol.35 No.-

There is increasingly high a Crime Rate of Alcohol Impaired Driving and habitual Alcohol Impaired Driving in Korea. But It was a very simple measures and ex post pun-ishments about these problems in Korea. To form a society, it is necessary to have elements of cohesion and unity at the sametime. In order to make the society cohesive and harmonious, regulations and orders should be established. In other words, society should have rules to regulate behavior of citizens. The regulating society is one of roles that politics play. The criminal law is the law which covers the crime and punishment respond to it. So this has the function to protect the interest in thelaw. It is well presented as "nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege". The principal of legality is adopted to the positive law and the code of legal process. Therefore this principal must be adopted to the both the pos-itive law and the code of legal process. This situation leads to the discord in the both law. Therefore a theory is not accord in the both. If we support the theory of the recognition, we easily accept the theory that the intention is presumed. But we accept the theory of toleration in the positive law, and so the point at issue in the theory of recognition. So we don't support the theory of the recognition. But it is profitable of the proof's liability of a prosecuting attorney. That is the strictness

제주 우도 홍조단괴 해빈의 침·퇴적변화 및 조직변화

정주봉(Joo Bong Jeong),서영교(Young Kyo Seo),김태정(Tae Joung Kim),정우성(Woo Seong Jeong) 대한지질학회 2014 대한지질학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.10

Effectiveness of Rotor Off Fraction in Allogeneic Murine Bone Marrow Transplantation with Complete Disparity of Major Histocompatibility

Jeong, Dae Chul,Han, Chi Wha,Jin, Jong Youl,Kim, Dae Sik,Choi, Il Bong,Lee, Kyo Young,Kim, Won Il,Kim, Hack Ki,Kim, Chun Choo,Lee, Byung Churl,Imamura, Masahiro,Noga, Stephen J 대한조혈모세포이식학회 1998 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.3 No.1

연구배경 : 역류 원심성 세포분리는 세포의 서로 다른 침강속도의 특성을 이용하여 세포의 기능과 소실 없이 어느 특정 세포를 분리하는 방법으로서 골수로부터 T세포를 분리하는 매우 효과적인 물리적 세포분리 방법이다. 저자들은 주조직적합항원이 불일치 하는 쥐의 동종골수이식에서 역류 원심성 세포분리의 마지막 산물인 Rotor Off(R/O)분획의 효용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 치사량의 방사선을 조사한 BLAB/C(H-2K^(d)) 쥐에게 C3H/HE(H-2K^(k)) 쥐의 골수를 이식하였다. 저자들은 역류 원심성 세포분리로서 T세포가 제거되고 조혈모세포가 농축된 R/O(rotor off)분획을 얻었고 실험군에 따라 이식하려는 골수를 조성하였다. 실험군을 3군으로 나누어 A군은 조작하지 않은 골수, B군은 R/O분획에 림프구가 농축된 분획으로부터 T세포를 추가한 골수, 그리고 C군은 R/O분획으로 구성된 골수 이었다. 조혈기능을 알아보기 위해 단핵구를 반고형배지에 14일간 배양하여 과립구/단핵구 코로니 빈도를 조사하였으며, 또한 이식된 골수의 특성을 확인하기 위해 flow cytometry를 이용하여 실험군에 따른 T세포와 조혈모세포의 분포를 조사하였다 이식후 매일 임상적인 이식편대 숙주병(graft versus host disease, GVHD)의 정도를 파악하여 생존유무를 확인하였다. 결과 :역류 원심성 세포분리기로 부하된 세포에 대한 전체 세포의 회복률은 약 71.45%이었으며 R/O분획으로 41.8%의 세포가 회복되었다. 역류 원심성 세포분리후의 각 분획의 10^(5) 의 단핵구에 대한 과립구/단핵구 코로니 빈도는 조작하지 않은 골수에서 21.2±1.33개, 17분획에서 23.68±2.23개, R/O분획에서 331.28±34.44개이었으며(Kruskal-Wallis test : x²=0.0044), 25와 28분획에서는 코로니의 형성을 확인할 수 없었다. 실험군에 따라 T세포와 조혈모세포의 분포는 조혈모세포가 조작되지 않은 골수(A군)에 비해 R/O분획(C군)에서는 1.96배(p<0.05), B군에서는 1.8배(p<0.05) 농축되었고 조작된 골수 사이와 조혈모세포의 농축정도 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 조혈모세포는 부하된 전체 양중 80.0±10.1%가 R/O분획으로 회복되었다. T세포가 R/O분획(C군)에서는 88.1% 감소되었으나(p<0.05), B군에서는 15.7%로 감소되어 A군의 T세포분포와 차이가 없었다. 이식후 90일째 각군의 생존률은 A군이 0, B군이 0.2, 그리고 C군이 0.8로 현저한 차이가 있음을 확인하였다.(p=0.0006). 실험군 사이에 GVHD의 심각도(p=0.0043)와 축적된 점수의 증가추세(p=0.02)는 매우 유의하게 달랐다. 결론 : 역류 원심성 세포분리로 얻은 R/O분획은 다량의 T세포가 제거되고 조혈모세포가 농축되었다. R/O분획을 이용한 주조직적합항원이 불일치하는 쥐의 골수이식에서 장기간의 이식편의 생착과 미미한 GVHD로 생존율이 증가되었다. 앞으로 임상에서 주조직적합항원이 일치하는 비혈연간 또는 주조직 적합항원이 불일치하는 혈연간 동종골수이식에서 역류 원심성 세포분리가 유용하리라 생각된다. Counterflow centrifugal elutriation (CCE) has been a highly efficient physical method for separating T cell from bone marrow(BM) without impairing cell function and yield. To investigate the usefulness of CCE for T cell depletion or hematopoietic stem cell consentration from bone marrow, the lymphocyte-depleted rotor off(R/O) fraction obtained during the final steps of CCE from C3H/He(H-2K^(k)) was transplanted into lethally irradiated (875 cGy) BALB/C(H-2k^(d)) mice. After CCE, the total cell recovery was about 71.4% with high viability. Morphologically, the R/O fraction contained abundant mononulcear cells with a few lymphocytes. The number of colony forming units for granulocyte/monocyte (CFU-GM) per 10^(5) mononuclear cells was significantly higher in the R/O faction (331.28±34.44) than UN (21.12±1.33) or fractions collected at flow rates (FR) of 17ml/min(FR 17) (23.68±2.23) (x²=0.0044). Neither FR 25 nor FR 28 contained CFU-GM colonies. The concentration of Sca-1+ stem cells in the R/O fraction was significantly higher (1.96 fold) than in UN, and 88.1% of Thy-1.2^(+) T cells were eliminated in the R/o fraction (p<0.05). The stem cell (Sca-1^(+)) recovery in the R/O fraction was 80.0±10.1%. Mice receiving UN marrow suffered from severs GVHD and all died within 7 days after BMT (Group A). Of interest, mice receiving the R/O fraction to which T cells were added to adjust their number to equal the number of T cells found in UN marrow (Group B) developed severe GVHD and only one of five survived (probability of survival; 20%). Mice receiving the R/O fraction (Group C) had no GVHD and four of five (probability of survival ; 80%) survived for at least 90 days. The probability of survival (p=0.0006), the severity of GVHD (p=0.0043) and the progression speed of GVHD (p=0.02) were the lowest in group C. In conclusion, we suggest that transplantation with elutriated R/O cells have the advantages of stable engraftment and tolerable GVHD in murine BMT with complete MHC disparity. This could be directly applicable to patients at high risk for GVHD in upcoming clinical trials.

Effectiveness of Ultrasound in Evaluation of Fatty Infiltration in Rotator Cuff Muscles

Bong-Kyung Park,Seok Ha Hong,Woong Kyo Jeong 대한정형외과학회 2020 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.12 No.1

Background: This study aimed to verify the diagnostic performance of Ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of fatty infiltration (FI) in rotator cuff muscles and to analyze the diagnostic values of each measurement component. Methods: The degree of FI in 108 shoulders was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and US. MRI findings were graded by the Goutallier classification. US findings were graded by the Strobel method. Agreement between MRI and US findings was evaluated. The sensitivity and specificity for detecting FI and intraobserver reliabilities were also assessed. Results: US grading of the infraspinatus based on short-axis architecture showed good agreement (k = 0.62). US grading-based on architecture showed good agreement for both supraspinatus and infraspinatus in long- and short-axis scans (supraspinatus, k = 0.63; infraspinatus, k = 0.68), while that based on echogenicity showed moderate agreement (supraspinatus, k = 0.51; infraspinatus, k = 0.50). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of detecting advanced FI were significant in both axes. Conclusions: US is effective for detecting advanced FI in the rotator cuff muscles. US can assess the infraspinatus more accurately than the supraspinatus, and architecture is a more decisive component of FI status than echogenicity.

Disparity between Clinical and Ultrasound Examinations in Neonatal Hip Screening

Bong Soo Kyung,Soon Hyuck Lee,Woong Kyo Jeong,Si Young Park 대한정형외과학회 2016 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.8 No.2

Background: For early detection of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), neonatal hip screening using clinical examination and/or ultrasound has been recommended. Although there have been many studies on the reliability of both screening techniques, there is still controversy in the screening strategies; clinical vs. selective or universal ultrasound screening. To determine the screening strategy, we assessed the agreement among the methods; clinical examination by an experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon, sonographic morphology, and sonographic stability. Methods: From January 2004 to June 2009, a single experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon performed clinical hip screenings for 2,686 infants in the neonatal unit and 43 infants who were referred due to impressions of hip dysplasia before 3 months of age. Among them, 156 clinically unstable or high-risk babies selectively received bilateral hip ultrasound examinations performed by the same surgeon using the modified Graf method. The results were analyzed statistically to detect any correlations between the clinical and sonographic findings. Results: Although a single experienced orthopedic surgeon conducted all examinations, we detected only a limited relationship between the results of clinical and ultrasound examinations. Ninety-three percent of the clinically subluxatable hips were normal or immature based on static ultrasound examination, and 74% of dislocating hips and 67% of limited abduction hips presented with the morphology below Graf IIa. A total of 80% of clinically subluxatable, 42% of dislocating and 67% of limited abduction hips appeared stable or exhibited minor instability on dynamic ultrasound examination. About 7% of clinically normal hips were abnormal upon ultrasound examination; 5% showed major instability and 3% showed dysplasia above Graf IIc. Clinical stability had small coefficients between ultrasound examinations; 0.39 for sonographic stability and 0.37 for sonographic morphology. Between sonographic stability and morphology, although 71% of hips with major instability showed normal or immature morphology according to static ultrasound examination, the coefficient was as high as 0.64. Conclusions: Discrepancies between clinical and ultrasound examinations were present even if almost all of the exams were performed by a single experienced pediatric orthopedic surgeon. In relation to screening for DDH, it is recommended that both sonographic morphology and stability be checked in addition to clinical examination.

N-grams를 사용한 CNN 기반의 악성코드탐지 기법 연구

허정원 ( Jeong-won Her ),문봉교 ( Bong-kyo Moon ) 한국정보처리학회 2020 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.27 No.1

본 논문에서는 악성코드탐지 기법으로 n-grams를 사용한 특징 추출을 통해 이미지 인식 분야에서 널리 쓰이는 Convolutional Neural Network로 학습하는 프레임워크를 제안한다. 윈도우즈 실행 파일의 PE 포맷에서 특징을 추출하여 6-grams 확률을 구하고 grayscale 을 통해 이미지로 변환한다. 이것을 기존에 연구된 탐지방법과 비교하여 우수함을 보인다. 학습에 사용된 데이터는 총 55,000개로 5-folds 교차검증을 하였으며 예측 정확도는 98.87%였다.