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Tannic Acid and Ferrous Sulfate Modified Kapok Fiber for Oil-water Separation
Guizhen Ke,Shuhui Chen,Jiani Tang,Huanmin Li,Keshuai Liu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.11
Biodegradable oil absorbing materials have attracted extensive attention in dealing with oil spill pollution. Todevelop more excellent oleophilic oil sorbent, the combination of tannic acid and ferrous sulfate was employed to treat therenewable and biodegradable natural kapok fiber. The as-prepared kapok showed superhydrophobic characteristics with highwater contact for the formation of tannic acid and ferrous ion complex on kapok surface, which was confirmed by scanningelectron microscopy observation and infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The preparation process of themodified kapok fiber was optimized. When the sodium chlorite pretreated kapok fiber was firstly treated with 4.25 g/l tannicacid and subsequently immersed in 4.25 g/l tannic acid and 6.25 g/l ferrous sulfate mixture at 60 °C for 15 min, the aspreparedkapok fiber presented the best oil absorption capacity and hydrophobicity (water contact angle 150.7 °). The treatedkapok had good adsorption capacity for oils and organic solvents, 48.2, 41.6, 53.4, 52.8, 49.2, 41.2 g/g for vegetable oil,diesel oil, silicone oil, carbon tetrachloride, DMF and n-hexane, respectively. In addition, the tannic acid and ferrous sulfatetreated kapok was recycled for six times through simple mechanical squeezing, and showed good oil-water separationperformance oil, indicating its potential application in the removal of spilled oil on water.
Ji, Hong,Wang, Jianfa,Liu, Juxiong,Guo, Jingru,Wang, Zhongwei,Zhang, Xu,Guo, Li,Yang, Huanmin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2013 Animal Bioscience Vol.26 No.3
Zi geese (Anser anser domestica) belong to the white geese and are excellent layers with a superior feed-to-egg conversion ratio. Quantitative gene expression analysis, such as Real-time qRT-PCR, will provide a good understanding of ovarian function during egg-laying and consequently improve egg production. However, we still don't know what reference genes in geese, which show stable expression, should be used for such quantitative analysis. In order to reveal such reference genes, the stability of seven genes were tested in five tissues of Zi geese. Methodology/Principal Findings: The relative transcription levels of genes encoding hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase 1 (HPRT1), ${\beta}$-actin (ACTB), ${\beta}$-tubulin (TUB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GADPH), succinate dehydrogenase flavoprotein (SDH), 28S rRNA (28S) and 18S rRNA (18S) have been quantified in heart, liver, kidney, muscle and ovary in Zi geese respectively at different developmental stages (1 d, 2, 4, 6 and 8 months). The expression stability of these genes was analyzed using geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper software. Conclusions: The expression of 28S in heart, GAPDH in liver and ovary, ACTB in kidney and HPRT1 in muscle are the most stable genes as identified by the three different analysis methods. Thus, these genes are recommended for use as candidate reference genes to compare mRNA transcription in various developmental stages of geese.