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Sung-Phil Kim,Simeral, John D,Hochberg, Leigh R,Donoghue, J P,Friehs, G M,Black, Michael J IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilita Vol.19 No.2
<P>We present a point-and-click intracortical neural interface system (NIS) that enables humans with tetraplegia to volitionally move a 2-D computer cursor in any desired direction on a computer screen, hold it still, and click on the area of interest. This direct brain-computer interface extracts both discrete (click) and continuous (cursor velocity) signals from a single small population of neurons in human motor cortex. A key component of this system is a multi-state probabilistic decoding algorithm that simultaneously decodes neural spiking activity of a small population of neurons and outputs either a click signal or the velocity of the cursor. The algorithm combines a linear classifier, which determines whether the user is intending to click or move the cursor, with a Kalman filter that translates the neural population activity into cursor velocity. We present a paradigm for training the multi-state decoding algorithm using neural activity observed during imagined actions. Two human participants with tetraplegia (paralysis of the four limbs) performed a closed-loop radial target acquisition task using the point-and-click NIS over multiple sessions. We quantified point-and-click performance using various human-computer interaction measurements for pointing devices. We found that participants could control the cursor motion and click on specified targets with a small error rate (<; 3% in one participant). This study suggests that signals from a small ensemble of motor cortical neurons ( ~ 40) can be used for natural point-and-click 2-D cursor control of a personal computer.</P>
Edris Wedi,Beatrice Orlandini,Mark Gromski,Carlo Felix Maria Jung,Irina Tchoumak,Stephanie Boucher,Volker Ellenrieder,Jurgen Hochberger 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.1
The full-thickness resection device (FTRD) is a novel endoscopic device approved for the resection of colorectal lesions. This case-seriesdescribes the device and its use in high-risk patients with colorectal lesions and provides an overview of the potential indications inrecently published data. Between December 2014 and September 2015, 3 patients underwent endoscopic full thickness resection using the FTRD for colorectallesions: 1 case for a T1 adenocarcinoma in the region of a surgical anastomosis after recto-sigmoidectomy, 1 case for a non-liftingcolonic adenoma with low-grade dysplasia in an 89-year old patient and 1 for a recurrent adenoma with high-grade dysplasia in ayoung patient with ulcerative rectocolitis who was under immunosuppression after renal transplantation. Both technical and clinicalsuccess rates were achieved in all cases. The size of removed lesions ranged from 9 to 30 mm. Overall, the most frequent indication in the literature has been for lifting or non-lifting adenoma, submucosal tumors, neuroendocrintumors, incomplete endoscopic resection (R1) or T1 carcinoma. Colorectal FTRD is a feasible technique for the treatment of colorectal lesions and represents a minimally invasive alternative for eithersurgical or conventional endoscopic resection strategies.
( Ilia Polishchuk ),( Ahmed Algedafi ),( Jorge Shmuel Delgado ),( Dov Gefel ),( Galina Novokhatko ),( Olga Grisko ),( Shirly Hever ),( Alice Hochberg ),( Eli Ben Valid ),( Mariana Zamir ),( Levi Doron 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Gallstones and alcohol are the most important worldwide etiologic causes of acute pancreatitis. In Israel, we lack critical information regarding the etiology of acute pancreatitis. Objectives: to delineate the prevalence, the main causes, rate of recurrence of acute pancreatitis in southern Israel. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study, including the review of all medical charts of hospitalized patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis between the years 2000-12. Results: 600 patients with “acute pancreatitis” were recorded (1.4:1000 admissions). 42% of patients were admitted to the general surgery department, and 50.9% to internal medicine wards. The main causes for acute pancreatitis were cholelithiasis (41.5%), alcohol (8.8%) and drugs (8.3%). Disothiazide was the most common drug associated with pancreatitis followed by Sitagliptin, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors and simvastatin. 33.6% of cases were of undetermined etiology. Recurrence was noted in 33.8% of patients (alcohol OR 3.7%, hypertrigliceridemia OR 1.8) with noimplications on mortality. Conclusions: Biliary pancreatitis is still the main cause of pancreatitis in Israel and is a much more common etiology than alcohol. Drug-induced pancreatitis is a common etiology, with Thiazide being the most common drug associated with pancreatitis followed by ACE-Inhibitors sitagliptin and simvastatin. Sitagliptin was found to be a significant cause for acute pancreatitis (OR 1:5). A third of the cases of acute pancreatitis are idiopathic. Recurrence appears at least in a third of the patients.