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GUEST, Michael,NAMBU, Miyuki 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2014 외국어교육연구 Vol.28 No.2
This paper addresses considerations that need to be made when theresearchers were classifying samples of spoken discourse as beingindicative of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) or English as a LinguaFranca (ELF), based upon observations and data collection of naturallyoccurringworkplace English nursing discourse from four distinct Asianlocales and problems endemic to accurate classification. Since a numberof nursing students at the researchers’ university in Japan wish topursue English nursing studies elsewhere in Asia, observation ofnaturally‐occurring nursing English was carried out for two full workingdays at four distinct Asian locales (National University Hospital,Singapore, Vicente Sotto Hospital, Cebu, The Philippines, St. Paul’sUniversity & Hospital, Manila, and Gleneagles Hospital, Penang,Malaysia) in order to note nursing English discourse patterns not commonto American or British‐Englishes, and thus possibly be identifiable asexamples of an emerging Asian ELF. It was initially hoped that theresults of this research would aid materials designers in developingEnglish learning materials for Japanese nursing students by identifyingand incorporating elements of authentic spoken Asian ELF/ESP forms used in nursing English. However, the researchers soon realized that accurate classification of such speech data as being ELF or ESP‐specific can be exceedingly problematic. Based upon observations made after collecting and analyzing the naturally‐occurring nursing English data, six primary category/classification problem areas were identified:1. Local variety 2. Medical domain specific 3. Speech event specific 4.Idiosyncratic style 5. Spoken grammar form 6. Error (both native and non ‐native). Considerations and questions regarding accurate classification were included for each of the six problem areas.
Guest editor Kären Wigen 고려대학교 민족문화연구원 2012 Cross-Currents Vol.- No.2
The spatial turn of recent years has brought a number of novel landscapes into focus for scholars of East Asia. One such frontier—located at the intersection of urban development, state power, and territorialization—provided the conceptual ground for the inaugural issue of the Cross-Currents e-journal in December 2011. Another—the domain of imperial cartography—undergirds the present collection of articles. The articles featured here grew out of an international symposium on the gaihōzu held at Stanford University in October 2011. The occasion for the conference was the belated discovery that Stanford is among the half dozen universities in the United States to harbor an as-yet uncatalogued collection of Japanese military maps. Bringing together librarians, geographers, and historians from both sides of the Pacific with generous support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the Stanford symposium explored how Japanese military and imperial maps can speak to the fields of social, diplomatic, and economic history alike. Whether interrogated as evidence for the mentality of their makers, the process of their production, or the content of their data, gaihōzu offer a wealth of scholarly riches.
Guest Peter 한국방위산업진흥회 1993 國防과 技術 Vol.- No.172
개인 휴대용 방공 무기체계의 야전배치는 항공기 및 헬기에 대한 자체방어 능력을 강화시켜 줍니다 제3세대 가시선 통제 유도 시스템의 휴대용 미사일은 다른 화기나, 현재 운용중인 적외선 유도미사일보다 가격이 저렴하며, 보다 유용하고 효과적입니다
( Michael Guest ),( Miyuki Nambu ) 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2014 외국어교육연구 Vol.28 No.2
This paper addresses considerations that need to be made when the researchers were classifying samples of spoken discourse as being indicative of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) or English as a Lingua Franca (ELF), based upon observations and data collection of naturallyoccurring workplace English nursing discourse from four distinct Asian locales and problems endemic to accurate classification. Since a number of nursing students at the researchers` university in Japan wish to pursue English nursing studies elsewhere in Asia, observation of naturally-occurring nursing English was carried out for two full working days at four distinct Asian locales (National University Hospital, Singapore, Vicente Sotto Hospital, Cebu, The Philippines, St. Paul`s University & Hospital, Manila, and Gleneagles Hospital, Penang, Malaysia) in order to note nursing English discourse patterns not common to American or British-Englishes, and thus possibly be identifiable as examples of an emerging Asian ELF. It was initially hoped that the results of this research would aid materials designers in developing English learning materials for Japanese nursing students by identifying and incorporating elements of authentic spoken Asian ELF/ESP forms used in nursing English. However, the researchers soon realized that accurate classification of such speech data as being ELF or ESP-specific can be exceedingly problematic. Based upon observations made after collecting and analyzing the naturally-occurring nursing English data, six primary category/classification problem areas were identified:1. Local variety 2. Medical domain specific 3. Speech event specific 4. Idiosyncratic style 5. Spoken grammar form 6. Error (both native and non -native). Considerations and questions regarding accurate classification were included for each of the six problem areas.
Effect of primate bone marrow stromal cells on survival and neurite outgrowth
Kim, Keung Nyun,Guest, James D.,Oh, Jin Soo,Pennant, William A.,Yoon, Do Heum,Ha, Yoon Lippincott Williams Wilkins, Inc. 2010 NEUROREPORT - Vol.21 No.13
We tested whether bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) could enhance the survival and neurite growth of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) through substrate effects or secreted factors. Our results showed that in DRG with BMSCs and BMSC-conditioned media cultures compared with DRG-fibroblast cultures, there was a significant increase in the number and length of, area covered by, and number of cells with definite neurites. In cytokine assays with conditioned media, vascular endothelial growth factor, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and IL-6 secreted by BMSCs may contribute to observed neurotrophic effects. These findings indicate that BMSCs of adult Macaca fascicularis increased neuronal survival and promoted neurite outgrowth of DRG by means of secretory factors.