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On Some New Nonlinear Integral Inequalities of Gronwall-Bellman Type
El-Owaidy, Hassan Mostafa,Ragab, Abdelwahab Abbas,Eldeeb, Ahmed Abdel-Moneim,Abuelela, Waleed Mostafa Kamal Department of Mathematics 2014 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.54 No.4
In this paper, we establish some new nonlinear integral inequalities of Gronwall-Bellman type. These inequalities generalize some famous inequalities which can be used in applications as handy tools to study the qualitative as well as quantitative properties of solutions of some nonlinear ordinary differential and integral equations. More accurately we extend certain results which have been proved in A. Abdeldaim and M. Yakout [1] and H. El-Owaidy, A. A. Ragab, A. Abdeldaim [7] too.
Enhanced extraction of copper and nickel based on the Egyptian Abu Swayeil copper ore
Somia T. Mohamed,Abeer A. Emam,Wael M. Fathy,Amany R. Salem,Amr B. ElDeeb 한국분석과학회 2024 분석과학 Vol.37 No.1
The continuous increasing of the global demand of copper and nickel metals raises the interest indeveloping alternative technologies to produce them from copper sulfide ore. Also, in line with Egypt's vision2030 for achieving the sustainable socioeconomic development which aims at developing alternative and ecofriendlytechnologies for processing the Egyptian ores to produce these strategic products instead of its importing. These metals enhance the advanced electrical and electronic industries. The current work aims at investigatingthe recovery of copper and nickel from Abu Swayeil copper ore using pug leaching technique by sulfuric acid. The factors affecting the pug leaching process including the sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time andtemperature have been investigated. The copper ore sample was characterized chemically using X-rayfluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDX). A response surface methodology developsa quadratic model that expects the nickel and copper leaching effectiveness as a function of three controllingfactors involved in the procedure of leaching was also investigated. The obtained results showed that themaximum dissolution efficiency of Ni and Cu are 99.06 % and 95.30%, respectively which was obtained atthe following conditions: 15 % H2SO4 acid concentration for 6 hr. at 250 ℃. The dissolution kinetics of nickeland copper that were examined according to heterogeneous model, indicated that the dissolution rates werecontrolled by surface chemical process during the pug leaching. The activation energy of copper and nickeldissolution were 26.79 kJ.mol−1 and 38.078 kJ.mol−1 respectively; and the surface chemical was proposed asthe leaching rate-controlling step.
Ibrahim A. Salem,Gaafar A. El Bahariya,Bothina T. El Dosuky,Eman F. Refaey,Ahmed H. Ibrahim,Amr B. ElDeeb 한국분석과학회 2024 분석과학 Vol.37 No.1
Abu Gurdi area is located in the South-eastern Desert of Egypt which considered as volcanic massivesulfide deposits (VMS). The present work aims at investigating the ore mineralogy of Abu Gurdi region inaddition to the effectiveness of the hydrometallurgical route for processing these ores using alkaline leachingfor the extraction of Zn, Cu, and Pb in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, has been investigated. The factorsaffecting the efficiency of the alkaline leaching of the used ore including the reagent composition, reagentconcentration, leaching temperature, leaching time, and Solid /Liquid ratio, have been investigated. It was notedthat the sulfide mineralization consists mainly of chalcopyrite, sphalerite, pyrite, galena and bornite. Gold isdetected as rare, disseminated crystals within the gangue minerals. Under supergene conditions, secondary copperminerals (covellite, malachite, chrysocolla and atacamite) were formed. The maximum dissolution efficienciesof Cu, Zn, and Pb at the optimum leaching conditions i.e., 250 g/L NaCO3 - NaHCO3 alkali concentration,for 3 hr., at 250℃, and 1/5 Solid/liquid (S/L) ratio, were 99.48 %, 96.70 % and 99.11 %, respectively. Anapparent activation energy for Zn, Cu and Pb dissolution were 21.599, 21.779 and 23.761 kJ.mol−1, respectively,which were between those of a typical diffusion-controlled process and a chemical reaction-controlled process. Hence, the diffusion of the solid product layer contributed more than the chemical reaction to control the rateof the leaching process. High pure Cu(OH)2, Pb(OH)2, and ZnCl2 were obtained from the finally obtained leachliquor at the optimum leaching conditions by precipitation at different pH. Finally, highly pure Au metal wasseparated from the mineralized massive sulfide via using adsorption method.