Cytotoxicity, Acute, and Subacute Study of Hydroalcoholic Root Extract of Carissa spinarum L. on Wistar Rats

Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo,Aboudoulatif Diallo,Povi Lawson-Evi,Tchin Darré,Batomayena Bakoma,Kwashie Eklu-Gadégbéku 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.7

Carissa spinarum L. (Apocynaceae) is used traditionally, in Africa, to treat many diseases such as malaria, sickle cell anemia, epilepsy, helminthoses, and sexual weakness. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity on Artemia salina, the acute and subacute (28 days) oral toxicity of C. spinarum hydroalcoholic root extract on Wistar rats. The cytotoxicity was performed on A. salina larvae. The acute and subacute toxicity was performed using Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development guideline. Malondiadehyde as lipoperoxidation marker was evaluated and expressed according to tissue proteins. The cytotoxicity has shown that the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) was 0.9 mg/mL. The limit test dose of 5000 mg/kg did not provoke death or toxicity signs. For the subacute toxicity, no signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the experiment. Results of biochemical and hematological parameters have not shown any treatment-related abnormalities, except a significant decrease of alkaline phosphatase at 1000 mg/kg (P < .05) and an increase of chloride ion level at 500 mg/kg (P < .01). There was no significant difference between the treated group and the control group concerning the malondialdehyde concentration, the body weight, and the organs relative weight (P < .05), except for testis at 500 mg/kg (P < .05). According to our results, the hydroalcoholic extract of C. spinarum roots is safe when administrated at 500 mg and 1000 mg/kg to Wistar rats for 28 days.

Descriptive Epidemiology of Thyroid Cancers in Togo

Darre, Tchin,Amana, Bathokedeou,Pegbessou, Essobozou,Bissa, Harefeteguena,Amegbor, Koffi,Boko, Essohanam,Kpemessi, Eyawelohn,Napo-Koura, Gado Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

Background: The purpose of this study was to provide epidemiological and histological data of thyroid cancers in Togo. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of cases of thyroid cancers diagnosed from 2000 to 2014 (15 years) at the pathology laboratory of the Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of $Lom{\acute{e}}$. All cases of review of a thyroid sample (biopsies, surgical specimens) were collected from the data records of that laboratory. Results: Thyroid cancers represented 1.1% (7930cases) of all cancers registered during the study period. Mean age was $45.4{\pm}0.3$ years and the proportion of females was 78.3%. We identified 92.4% carcinomas and 7.6% lymphomas. Carcinomas were well differentiated in 80 cases and were dominated by the papillary type (47 cases). Metastasis was observed in 13% of patients. The pTNM classification evaluated in 18 cases showed a predominance of grade I (13 cases). Lymphomas were dominated by lymphoma diffuse large B-cell (5 cases). Conclusions: This study is the first global standard for thyroid cancer pathology in Togo. The high frequency of follicular form suggests an unrecognized iodine deficiency. The improvement of the technical platform of the LAP (immunohistochemistry) will increase the diagnosis of rare forms of thyroid cancer.

Evaluation of the Histo-Epidemiological Profile of Solid Childhood Cancers in Togo

Darre, Tchin,Maneh, Nidain,Kpatcha, Matchonna,Boume, Azanledji,Padaro, Essohana,Amegbor, Koffi,Napo-Koura, Gado Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1

Background: Cancer is a subject of continuing concern, more common in adults than in children, but often with a poor outcome in the latter. Our study set itself the objective to describe the epidemiological and histological aspects of solid cancers in children in Togo. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study focused on cases of solid cancers in children diagnosed from 2010 to 2014 (5 years) at the pathology laboratory of the Tokoin teaching hospital. Data were collected from the records of that laboratory. Results: We collected 66 cases of childhood cancer representing 5% of all solid cancers. The annual incidence was 13.2 cases. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.4; mean age was of $7.2{\pm}1.6years$. The age group most affected was that of 5-9 years (40.9%). Four histological groups of solid childhood cancers were listed: lymphoma (n=34 cases; 51.5%), embryonic cancer (n=17 cases; 25.8%), sarcomas (n=13 cases; 19.7%) and carcinoma (n=2 cases; 3%). The most common histological types were Burkitt lymphoma (36.4%), nephroblastoma (10.6%) and retinoblastoma (10.6%). Conclusions: This study shows that solid cancers in children are relatively frequent in Togo with a male predominance. They are still largely dominated by Burkitt lymphoma, followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma.

Convergence of service and technical skills: the case of ERP implementation in Israel

Asaf Darr 기술경영경제학회 2015 ASIAN JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION Vol.23 No.-

This empirical study points to the rise of the techno-service sector of the economy, andquestions the analytical distinction between technical and social skills, a distinction whichunderpins governments’ and economic institutions’ attempts to measure and quantify typesof skills and the complexity of different lines of work. By focusing on Enterprise ResourcePlanning (ERP) implementers, this study points to the growing interdependency and to theconvergence of service and technical skills in the techno-service sector. The paper alsoprovides empirical indication of the growing penetration of professional work into the heartof the industrial enterprise.

Toxicological Studies of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Launaea taraxacifolia (Willd) Amin Ex C. Jeffrey on Wistar Rats

Aboudoulatif Diallo,Komlan M. Dossou-Yovo,Abdourazack Osseni,Tchin Darre,Batomayena Bakoma,Povi Lawson-Evi,Kwashie Eklu-Gadegbeku 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.12

Launaea taraxacifolia (Asteraceae) is a widely used vegetable in West Africa. It is used in traditional healing of many diseases such as hypertension, anemia, diabetes, and bleeding. The aim of this study is to investigate the cytotoxicity and the acute and subacute (28 days) oral toxicity of L. taraxacifolia hydroethanolic leaves extract on male Wistar rats. The LC50 values of L. taraxacifolia on brine shrimp were 0.142 ± 0.11 mg/mL. The limit test dose of 5000 mg/kg did not provoke death or toxicity signs in the rats tested during the observation period. For 28 days subacute toxicity at 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, no signs of toxicity or mortality were observed during the experiment. There was no significant difference between the treated groups and the control group concerning the body and the relative organs weight (P > .05). Results of biochemical and hematological parameters did not show any treatment-related abnormalities. According to our results, the hydroethanolic extract of L. taraxacifolia leaves, at 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, is safe when administrated to male Wistar rats for 28 days.

Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles from Utilization of Biowaste Eggshells

Nadia Abdel Aal,M. Bououdina,A. Hajry,A. A. Chaudhry,J. A. Darr,A. A. Al-Ghamdi,E. H. El-Mossalamy,Attieh A. Al-Ghamdi,YongKielSung,Farid El-Tantawy 한국생체재료학회 2011 생체재료학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Hydroxyapatite(HAP) nanoparticles were successfully prepared from the biowaste chicken eggshells and phosphoric acid solution by chemical precipitation methods. The structures of HAP were characterized in terms of the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The effect of temperature on the crystallinity and lattice parameters of prepared HAP was monitored by X-ray powder diffraction. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the HAP had a Ca/P molar ratio of about 1.65 and 1.69for as prepared and sintered HAP at 1200oC (1 hour), respectively. The temperature dependence on the electrical conductivity of sintered HAP nanoparticle was investigated. Furthermore, dielectric properties such as dielectric constant and dielectric loss as a function of frequency for the sintered HAP were also studied.

Phase stability and rapid consolidation of hydroxyapatite-zirconia nano-coprecipitates made using continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis.

Chaudhry, Aqif A,Yan, Haixue,Viola, Giuseppe,Reece, Mike J,Knowles, Jonathan C,Gong, Kenan,Rehman, Ihtesham,Darr, Jawwad A Technomic Pub 2012 Journal of biomaterials applications Vol.27 No.1

<P>A rapid and continuous hydrothermal route for the synthesis of nano-sized hydroxyapatite rods co-precipitated with calcium-doped zirconia nanoparticles using a superheated water flow at 450C and 24.1 MPa as a crystallizing medium is described. Hydroxyapatite and calcium-doped zirconia phases in the powder mixtures could be clearly identified based on particle size and morphology under transmission electron microscopy. Retention of a nanostructure after sintering is crucial to load-bearing applications of hydroxyapatite-based ceramics. Therefore, rapid consolidation of the co-precipitates was investigated using a spark plasma sintering furnace under a range of processing conditions. Samples nominally containing 5 and 10 wt% calcium-doped zirconia and hydroxyapatite made with Ca:P solution molar ratio 2.5 showed excellent thermal stability (investigated using in situ variable temperature X-ray diffraction) and were sintered via spark plasma sintering to >96% sintered densities at 1000C resulting in hydroxyapatite and calcium-doped zirconia as the only two phases. Mechanical tests of spark plasma sintering sintered samples (containing 10 wt% calcium-doped zirconia) revealed a three-pt flexural strength of 107.7 MPa and Weibull modulus of 9.9. The complementary nature of the spark plasma sintering technique and continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (which results in retention of a nanostructure even after sintering at elevated temperatures) was hence showcased.</P>