Quinic Acid Alleviates Behavior Impairment by Reducing Neuroinflammation and MAPK Activation in LPS-Treated Mice

Park Yongun,Paing Yunn Me Me,Cho Namki,Kim Changyoun,Yoo Jiho,Choi Ji Woong,Lee Sung Hoon 한국응용약물학회 2024 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.32 No.3

Compared to other organs, the brain has limited antioxidant defenses. In particular, the hippocampus is the central region for learning and memory and is highly susceptible to oxidative stress. Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the brain, and sustained glial cell activation is critical to the neuroinflammation that aggravates neuropathology and neurotoxicity. Therefore, regulating glial cell activation is a promising neurotherapeutic treatment. Quinic acid (QA) and its derivatives possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Although previous studies have evidenced QA’s benefit on the brain, in vivo and in vitro analyses of its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in glial cells have yet to be established. This study investigated QA’s rescue effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced behavior impairment. Orally administering QA restored social impairment and LPS-induced spatial and fear memory. In addition, QA inhibited proinflammatory mediator, oxidative stress marker, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in the LPS-injected hippocampus. QA inhibited nitrite release and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. Collectively, QA restored impaired neuroinflammation-induced behavior by regulating proinflammatory mediator and ERK activation in astrocytes, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic agent for neuroinflammation-induced brain disease treatments.

복합재 패널에서 유도 탄성파를 이용한 이미지 기반 손상탐지 기법 개발 : Part Ⅰ. 손상위치 탐지 알고리즘

김창식(Changsik Kim),전용운(Yongun Jeon),박정선(Jungsun Park),조진연(Jin Yeon Cho) 한국항공우주학회 2021 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.49 No.1

본 논문은 복합재 패널에서 압전 작동기를 사용하여 탄성파를 생성하고, 손상에서의 반사된 신호를 압전 감지기에서 탐지하여 손상위치를 추정할 수 있는 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 손상이 없는 신호와 손상이 있는 신호를 비교하여 손상신호를 추정하는 진단적 접근방법을 사용하였다. 신호 상관관계를 이용하여 탄성파의 군속도를 계산하고 압전기 위치정보를 이용하여 손상정보를 추출하였다. 하지만 탄성파의 비선형 특성으로 인해, 손상정보는 다양한 신호의 조합으로 구성되기 때문에, 손상위치를 명확히 구별하기 어렵다. 이에 본 논문에서는 손상에서 반사된 신호정보를 신호 도달거리의 면적으로 변환해서 손상의 중심위치를 찾는 누적함수 특성벡터 알고리즘(CSFV, cumulative summation feature vector)을 새롭게 제안하고, 특성벡터를 손상지수와의 곱으로 표현하는 가시화 기법을 적용하였다. 또한 복합재 패널에서 실험검증을 수행하고, 기존의 알고리즘과의 비교를 통해 제안된 알고리즘이 정확도 높게 손상위치를 검출할 수 있음을 보였다. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to estimate the damage location in the composite panel by extracting the elastic wave signal reflected from the damaged area. The guided elastic wave is generated by a piezoelectric actuator and sensed by a piezoelectric sensor. The proposed algorithm adopts a diagnostic approach. It compares the non-damaged signal with the damaged signal, and extract damage information along with sensor network and lamb wave group velocity estimated by signal correlation. However, it is difficult to clearly distinguish the damage location due to the nonlinear properties of lamb wave and complex information composed of various signals. To overcome this difficulty, the cumulative summation feature vector algorithm(CSFV) and a visualization technique are newly proposed in this paper. CSFV algorithm finds the center position of the damage by converting the signals reflected from the damage to the area of distance at which signals reach, and visualization technique is applied that expresses feature vectors by multiplying damage indexes. Experiments are performed for a composite panel and comparative study with the existing algorithms is carried out. From the results, it is confirmed that the damage location can be detected by the proposed algorithm with more reliable accuracy.

청년층의 노동시장 진입 및 정착과정에 관한 실증연구

황광훈(Hwang Kwanghoon),조용운(Cho Yongun) 한국고용정보원 2022 세미나 자료 Vol.- No.-

본 연구는 청년층의 학교에서 노동시장으로의 이행 과정(school to work) 전체를 중〮·장기적 관점에서 접근하여 우리나라 청년층의 노동시장 진입 및 이동 과정을 분석하고 최종적으로 일자리에 정착하는 과정까지 실증적으로 분석하였다. 주요 분석결과, 첫째, 학력이 높아질수록, 희망직업이 있는 경우, 스펙쌓기 경험이 있는 경우, 취업노력 행동 경험이 있는 경우 입직 소요기간이 짧게 나타났다. 둘째, 첫 일자리에서는 남성이 여성보다 이탈할 가능성이 높고, 학력이 높을수록, 근로시간이 길어질수록 일자리 이탈 가능성이 높고, 마지막 일자리에서는 이직경험 횟수가 증가할 수 있도록 이탈 가능성이 높았다. 셋째, 평균 이동횟수는 1.8회이며 최대 이동횟수는 12회까지 나타났으며, 학력별로는 고졸이하 저학력 청년층의 평균적인 이동횟수가 2.15회로 대졸이상(1.47회) 및 전문대졸(1.88회) 고학력층에 비해 더 많은 이동을 경험하는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 마지막으로 이직경험자는 비이직자에 비해 평균적으로 6.4% 임금손실이 발생하였고, 사업간 이직자는 산업내 이직자에 비해 3.6% 직종간 이직자는 직종내 이직자에 비해 3.7% 낮은 임금을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. This study takes a long-term approach to the entire school to work transition of young people, and empirically analyzes the process of entering and moving into the labor market and finally setting up jobs in Korea. As a result of the main analysis, first, the higher the educational background, the shorter the period required to enter the job was when there was a desired job, experience in specification building, or enter the job was when there was a desired job, experience in specification building, or experience in employment effort behavior.. Second, in the first job, men were likely to leave than women, the higher the educational background, the longer the working hours, the higher the likelihood of leaving the job. Third, the average number of movements was 1.8 times, and the maximum number of movements was up to 12. By education level, the average number of movements of young people with lower education than high school graduates is 2.15 times, which is more experienced than those with higher college graduates (1.47 times) and college graduates (1.88 times). Lastly, it was confirmed that those who experienced job turnover suffered an average wage loss 6.4% compared to non-turnover workers, and those who changed jobs between industries received 3.6% lower wages than those within industries, and those who changed jobs between occupations received 3.7% lower wages than those who changed jobs within the same type.

복합재 패널에서 유도 탄성파를 이용한 이미지 기반 손상탐지 기법 개발 : Part Ⅱ. 손상크기 추정 알고리즘

김창식(Changsik Kim),전용운(Yongun Jeon),박정선(Jungsun Park),조진연(Jin Yeon Cho) 한국항공우주학회 2021 韓國航空宇宙學會誌 Vol.49 No.1

본 논문에서는 반사된 면적 결과와 반사된 위치 결과를 중첩하고, 가시화된 이미지에서 픽셀의 최대값에 대한 비율로 윤곽선을 추출하여 손상 크기를 추정하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 반사된 신호의 면적을 구하기 위해서 누적함수 특성벡터 알고리즘을 사용하였고, 반사된 신호의 위치를 구하기 위해서 신호 상관관계를 이용해서 측정신호로부터 손상 신호를 분리하였다. 그리고 제안한 손상크기 추정 알고리즘을 복합재 평판에서 실험 수행하여 검증하였다. 임의의 위치에서 반복 실험을 수행해서 제안된 알고리즘이 반복에 따른 재현성이 있음을 검증하였고, 손상크기 변화에 따라 손상 크기를 추정하고 분별할 수 있음을 검증하였다. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to estimate the damage size by combining the reflected area with the reflected position and extracting contours in proportion to the maximum value of pixels from the visible image. The cumulative summation feature vector algorithm is used to obtain the area of the reflected signal. To get the position of the reflected signal, the signal correlation algorithm is used to decompose the reflected signal from the damage. The proposed algorithm is tested and validated for composite panels. Repetitive experiments are performed and it is confirm that the proposed algorithm is reproducible. Further, it is verified that the damage size can be estimated appropriately by the proposed algorithm.

Arthroscopic resection of symptomatic medial synovial fold of the posterior cruciate ligament in bilateral knees

Lee Jaewook,Ahn Jin Hwan,Lee Ingyu,Cho Yongun 대한정형외과 스포츠의학회 2020 Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine Vol.7 No.1

We report a case of pathologic bilateral impingement of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) synovial folds referred to PCL plicae. A 40-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with vague bilateral knee pain along the medial side of both knees just below each patella. She reported that standing for long periods of time increased the pain and that it has been more than 10 years since the vague pain occurred. On magnetic resonance imaging, medial synovial folds of the PCL were identified and therefore knee arthroscopy was performed under general anesthesia. The arthroscopic findings revelated entrapped folds within the medial tibiofemoral joints when the knees were in passive extension. The entrapped tissue of the synovial folds was resected by punch forceps and debrided by a shaver. After eight months of surgery, the patient’s symptoms completely resolved, and she regained full range of motion. The long medial synovial folds around the PCL can be a cause of knee pain due to entrapment between the femoral and tibial condyles. Plicae pathologies can therefore be considered one of the differential diagnosis of vague knee pain.

깊이 센서 기반 모션 분석 시스템을 사용한 어깨 운동학 조사

이인규(Ingyu Lee),박재형(Jai Hyung Park),손동욱(Dong-Wook Son),조용운(Yongun Cho),하상훈(Sang Hoon Ha),김유진(Eugene Kim) 대한정형외과학회 2021 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.56 No.1

목적: 견관절의 운동 기능에 대한 평가는 견관절 질환의 진단 및 경과를 파악하는 데 있어 중요하다. 본 연구는 정상군 및 견관절 질환을 가진 환자군에 대해 깊이 센서 기반 동작 분석 시스템을 통한 관절 운동을 동적으로 분석하여 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 대상 및 방법: 70명의 피험자가 연구에 참여하였으며 정상군 30명과 견관절 질환을 가진 환자 40명으로 분류하였다. 견관절 질환을 가진 환자 40명은 4가지 질환(회전근개 파열, 유착성 활액막염, 충돌 증후군, 회전근개 관절병증)으로 세분화하였다. 총 3회 반복된 외전 및 내전 운동 시 시간에 따른 각도를 깊이 센서 기반 동작 분석 시스템으로 측정하였으며, 최대 외전 각도, 최대 외전 각 속도, 최대 내전 각속도, 외전/내전 시간 비를 계산하였다. 상기 매개 변수들에 대해 정상군 30명과 환자군 40명을 비교하는 한편, 정상군 30명과 4가지 질환군별 10명, 총 5개 군을 비교하였다. 결과: 견관절 질환을 가진 환자군에서는 정상군에 비해 감소된 최대 외전 각도(θmax), 최대 외전 각속도(ωmax), 최대 내전 각속도(ωmin)를 보였으며, 증가된 외전/내전 시간 비(tabd/tadd)를 보였다. 세분화된 질환군별 비교에서는 최대 외전 각도(θmax)와 최대 외전 각속도(ωmax)가 정상군에 비해 유착성 활액막염 환자군 및 회전근개 관절병증 환자군에서 감소되었고, 외전/내전 시간 비(tabd/tadd)가 정상군에 비해 유착성 활액막염 환자군, 회전근개 파열 환자군 및 회전근개 관절병증 환자군에서 증가되었다. 결론: 깊이 센서 기반 동작 분석 시스템을 사용한 견관절의 운동 분석을 통해 관절 운동 범위뿐 아니라 각속도 등의 동적 운동 변수를 측정할 수 있었으며, 이를 통해 견관절의 더 정확한 기능 평가 및 심도 있는 질환의 이해가 가능할 것이다. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the motion of the shoulder joint dynamically through a depth sensor-based motion analysis system for the normal group and patients group with shoulder disease and to report the results along with a review of the relevant literature. Materials and Methods: Seventy subjects participated in the study and were categorized as follows: 30 subjects in the normal group and 40 subjects in the group of patients with shoulder disease. The patients with shoulder disease were subdivided into the following four disease groups: adhesive capsulitis, impingement syndrome, rotator cuff tear, and cuff tear arthropathy. Repeating abduction and adduction three times, the angle over time was measured using a depth sensor-based motion analysis system. The maximum abduction angle (θmax), the maximum abduction angular velocity (ωmax), the maximum adduction angular velocity (ωmin) , and the abduction/adduction time ratio (tabd/tadd) were calculated. The above parameters in the 30 subjects in the normal group and 40 subjects in the patients group were compared. In addition, the 30 subjects in the normal group and each subgroup (10 patients each) according to the four disease groups, giving a total of five groups, were compared. Results: Compared to the normal group, the maximum abduction angle (θmax), the maximum abduction angular velocity (ωmax), and the maximum adduction angular velocity (ωmin) were lower, and abduction/adduction time ratio (tabd/tadd) was higher in the patients with shoulder disease. A comparison of the subdivided disease groups revealed a lower maximum abduction angle (θmax) and the maximum abduction angular velocity (ωmax) in the adhesive capsulitis and cuff tear arthropathy groups than the normal group. In addition, the abduction/adduction time ratio (tabd/tadd) was higher in the adhesive capsulitis group, rotator cuff tear group, and cuff tear arthropathy group than in the normal group. Conclusion: Through an evaluation of the shoulder joint using the depth sensor-based motion analysis system, it was possible to measure the range of motion, and the dynamic motion parameter, such as angular velocity. These results show that accurate evaluations of the function of the shoulder joint and an in-depth understanding of shoulder diseases are possible.