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Palaniappan, M.,Subbaratnam, R. 한국비파괴검사학회 2003 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.23 No.4
The problems encountered by ultrasonic testing of austenitic stainless steel weld joints are discussed in the paper. Due to low thermal conductivity and the occurrence of single phase between the melting point and the room temperature, coarse and oriented grains are formed in such weld metals-more in thick sections. This leads to higher scattering at the grain boundaries and low signal to noise ratio, and extensive beam skewing. Experimental results to understand these problem are explained.
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Tancan Uysal,Mihri Amasyali Orthodontics, Centre of Dental Sciences, Gu''lhane Military Medical Academy,MS,b Huseyin Olmez,Yildirim Karslioglu,Omer Gunhan 대한치과교정학회 2010 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.40 No.2
Objective: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of direct electrical current stimulation (DECS) on bone regeneration in response to an expansion of the inter-premaxillary suture in the rat. Methods: Sixteen 50 - 60 days old Wistar male rats were separated into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30-gram of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with helical-spring. In the experimental group, two metallic-screws were placed at lateral parts of the maxillary segments. Electrodes were connected to the screws. The device was activated with current adjustment to measure 10μA continuously and the current was monitored daily during the expansion and early-retention phase. Bone regeneration in the sutural area was histomorphometrically evaluated including new-bone area (μm²), bone perimeter (μm), feret’s diameter (μm) and newly formed bone (%) parameters. Kruskal-Wallis rank and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation at p < 0.05 level. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups for all investigated histomorphometric parameters. New bone area (p = 0.002), bone perimeter (p = 0.004), feret’s diameter (p = 0.002) and newly formed bone percentage (p = 0.002) measurements were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Bone histomorphometric measurements revealed that bone architecture in the DECS group was improved. Conclusions: The application of DECS to an orthopedically expanded inter-premaxillary suture area during the early retention phase stimulated the formation of new bone. 이 실험적 연구는 직류 전류 자극(direct electrical current stimulation, DECS)을 백서의 확장된 전상악골간 봉합에 가하였을 시 골 재생에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 시행되었다. 60마리의 웅성 Wistar rats를 연구에 사용하였으며 대조군과 실험군의 2개의 군으로 나누었다. 상악 절치 사이에 30-gram의 힘을 발휘하는 helical-spring을 적용하여 상악골의 확장을 두 군 모두에서 시행하였다. 실험군에서는 상악골측면부에 금속 스크류를 식립하였고 스크류에 전극을 연결하였다. 장치는 지속적으로 10μA의 전류를 흘러 보내도록 조절하였으며 전류는 확장기와 초기 유지기 동안 매일 점검하였다. 골 재생을 조직형태계측학적으로 평가하기 위해 신생골 면적(μm²), 골 둘레길이(μm), feret’s diameter (μm)와 신생골(%)을 계측하였다. 결과는 유의수준 p < 0.05에서 Kruskal-Wallis rank와 Mann-Whitney U tests를 이용하여 통계 분석하였다. 실험 결과 조사한 모든 조직형태계측적 수치들에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 양 군 사이에서 나타났다. 신생골 면적 (p = 0.002), 골 둘레길이 (p = 0.002), feret’s diameter (p = 0.002)와 신생골 비율 (p = 0.002)의 모든 계측치가 실험군에서 대조군에 비해 높게 나타났다. 이런 결과는 DECS 군에서 골 형성이 더 양호함을 의미한다. 결론적으로 악정형적으로 확장시킨 전상악골 봉합부에 DECS를 적용하면 초기 유지 기간 중에 신생골 형성이 촉진된다고 할 수 있다.
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I. Reginald Obidike,Igwebuike U. Maduabuchi,Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics),Shoyinka S.V. Olumuyiwa 대한수의학회 2007 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.8 No.1
Potential negative effects of exposure to Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil on the reproductive system of male rats was investigated. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the experiment. Exposure to Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil was achieved via oral administration of increasing doses (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 ml/rat) every other day for 4 weeks. Cauda epididymal sperm reserves and relative weights of the testes as well as histological features of the testes of rats that received the crude oil treatment were compared to those of control rats. The results described here showed a significant (p < 0.01) dosedependent reduction in the cauda epididymal sperm reserves of rats that received crude oil treatment relative to the control group. The morphology of testes of the crude oil-exposed rats was characterized by the presence of interstitial exudates, degeneration, and necrosis of spermatogenic and interstitial (Leydig) cells. Findings indicate that exposure of male rats to Nigerian Qua Iboe Brent crude oil may have adversely affected their reproductive systems. This may imply possible reproductive health hazards for animals and humans that may be exposed to this environmental pollutant, especially in areas where oil spillage is a common feature.
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