A Knowledge-based Approach in the Conceptualisation of Disease Terms in Tiv for a More Effective Health Communication

Bem P. Ianna 세종대학교 언어연구소 2017 Journal of Universal Language Vol.18 No.2

There is a general perception that terminology constitutes an intractable obstacle to the use of African languages in high-function domains such as science and technology, engineering, medicine, etc. It is with a view to enhancing specificity which facilitates better communication that one of such domains (health) was chosen for this study. Specifically, the study looked at cases of semantic extensions and mismatches that lead to vagueness medical discourse in Tiv speakers (Tiv, a language spoken in Benue, Taraba, and Nasarawa States of Nigeria). Focus group discussions and translation exercise were employed to carry out the study which revealed, as expected, cases of semantic extensions and mismatches in the discourse of the research subjects. For example, cases of semantic extensions were noticed when pre-clinical students conceptualised diseases through the use of terms with narrower semantic coverage at some point, and wider coverage at another. Also cases of mismatch were seen. Both point to the imperative of engagement with disciplinary knowledge structures for the creation of better designations for concepts leading to greater clarity.

원저 : 비적출 백서에 있어서 자율신경계가 망내게 탐식능에 미치는 영향

고범권(Bem Kweon Koh) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 1982 全北醫大論文集 Vol.6 No.2

Microfluidic Sperm Selection and Analysis

Jae Bem YOU 한국생물공학회 2021 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.10

Selection of high quality sperm from raw semen sample is of great importance to improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization. Currently available clinical methods select sperm based on the gamete’s ability to swim in an unbounded, free media. However, considering the high viscosity of body fluids in the fallopian tube, selection of sperm requires a more strict criteria. In this work, we show microfluidic selection of sperm by guiding the cells through a 2 μm tall confined channel. In the confined channel, sperm are required to exhibit planar swimming mode which is promoted in the high viscous environment in the female reproductive tract. Therefore, only those sperms capable of exhibiting planar swimming mode are selected from the pool. Analysis of the sperms’ DNA reveals that the selected subpopulation is indeed of higher quality compared to the raw population and even to the subpopulation selected by standard clinical methods. In the second part of the presentation a method of analyzing the motility and the DNA quality of individual live sperm cells is demonstrated. Using a bilayered micropillar array, more than 400 individual live sperm cells are captured, and the tail beating and DNA quality of the live captured cells are analyzed for the first time. The information on single sperm cells may be used as dataset for training machine learning algorithms for the selection of the ultimately sperm cell that would be beneficial for intrauterine sperm injection (ICSI) procedures widely used in the clinics. In addition, the microfluidic platform demonstrated here can be equally applicable to other types of motile cells such as bacteria to study cell-to-cell heterogeneity.

A Vapor-Phase Deposited Polymer Film to Improve the Adhesion of Electroless-Deposited Copper Layer onto Various Kinds of Substrates

You, Jae Bem,Kim, Shin Young,Park, Yong Jin,Ko, Young Gwan,Im, Sung Gap American Chemical Society 2014 Langmuir Vol.30 No.3

<P>The adhesion of electrodeposited metal film to polymeric circuit board substrate is one of the key elements to successful miniaturization of electronic devices. However, as the size of the circuit pattern continuously decreases, a novel method is urgently required to increase the adhesion of the metal film on the substrate, especially on the smooth surface, which is critical to decrease the minimum feature size of the metal pattern. In this research, we developed an adhesion promoter layer by depositing metal chelating poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) film onto various organic and inorganic substrates via initiated chemical vapor deposition process (iCVD) to enhance the adhesion between the electroless deposited copper (Cu) layer and the substrate. The highest peel strength obtained between the electroless deposited Cu layer and P4VP coated substrate was 1.22 kgf/cm. Many advantageous characteristics of the adhesion promoter layer, including extreme thinness, the improved adhesion strength, conformal coverage, scalability of the deposition process, and short process time, will prompt the applicability of this adhesion promoter layer to industrial scale production.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/langd5/2014/langd5.2014.30.issue-3/la404251h/production/images/medium/la-2013-04251h_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/la404251h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

A doubly cross-linked nano-adhesive for the reliable sealing of flexible microfluidic devices.

You, Jae Bem,Min, Kyoung-Ik,Lee, Bora,Kim, Dong-Pyo,Im, Sung Gap Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Lab on a chip Vol.13 No.7

<P>Along with the expansion of microfluidics into many areas of applications such as sensors, microreactors and analytical tools, many other materials besides poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) have been suggested such as poly(imide) (PI) or poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). However, the sealing methods for these materials are not reliable in that many of the methods are specific to the substrate materials. Here, we report a novel robust doubly cross-linked nano-adhesive (DCNA) for bonding of various heterogeneous substrates. By depositing 200 nm of epoxy-containing polymer, poly(glycidyl methacrylate), via initiated chemical vapour deposition (iCVD) onto various substrates and cross-linking them with ethylenediamine, a strong adhesion was obtained between the substrates. This adhesive system was not only able to bond various difficult-to-bond substrates, such as PET or PI, but it could also preserve the complicated morphology of the surfaces owing to the thin nature of the DCNA system. The DCNA allowed fabrication of microfluidic devices using both rigid substrates, such as silicon wafer and glass, and flexible substrates, such as PDMS, PET and PI. The burst pressure of the devices sealed with DCNA exceeded 2.5 MPa, with a maximum burst pressure of 11.7 MPa. Furthermore, the adhesive system demonstrated an exceptional chemical and thermal resistance. The adhesion strength of the adhesive sandwiched between glass substrates remained the same even after a 10 day exposure to strong organic solvents such as toluene, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Also, exposure to 200 C for 15 h was not able to damage the adhesion strength. Using the high adhesive strength and flexibility of DCNA, flexible microfluidic devices that can be completely folded or rolled without any delamination during the operation were fabricated. The DCNA bonding is highly versatile in the sealing of microfluidic systems, and is compatible with a wide selection of materials, including flexible and foldable substrates, even upon sealing few-μm-sized channels.</P>

Traumatic Brainstem Hemorrhage Presenting with Hemiparesis

Se, Young-Bem,Kim, Choong-Hyun,Bak, Koang-Hum,Kim, Jae-Min The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.45 No.3

Traumatic brainstem hemorrhage after blunt head injury is an uncommon event. The most frequent site of hemorrhage is the midline rostral brainstem. The prognosis of these patients is poor because of its critical location. We experienced a case of traumatic brainstem hemorrhage. A 41-year-old male was presented with drowsy mentality and right hemiparesis after blunt head injury. Plain skull radiographs and brain computerized tomography scans revealed a depressed skull fracture, epidural hematoma, and hemorrhagic contusion in the right parieto-occipital region. But, these findings did not explain the right hemiparesis. T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) image of the cervical spine demonstrated a focal hyperintense lesion in the left pontomedullary junction. Brain diffusion-weighted and FLAIR MR images showed a focal hyperintensity in the ventral pontomedullary lesion and it was more prominent in the left side. His mentality and weakness were progressively improved with conservative treatment. We should keep in mind the possibility of brainstem hemorrhage if supratentorial lesions or spinal cord lesions that caused neurological deficits in the head injured patients are unexplainable.

Simple and Reliable Method to Incorporate the Janus Property onto Arbitrary Porous Substrates

You, Jae Bem,Yoo, Youngmin,Oh, Myung Seok,Im, Sung Gap American Chemical Society 2014 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.6 No.6

<P>Economical fabrication of waterproof/breathable substrates has many potential applications such as clothing or improved medical dressing. In this work, a facile and reproducible fabrication method was developed to render the Janus property to arbitrary porous substrates. First, a hydrophobic surface was obtained by depositing a fluoropolymer, poly(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptadecafluorodecyl methacrylate) (PHFDMA), on various porous substrates such as polyester fabric, nylon mesh, and filter paper. With a one-step vapor-phase deposition process, termed as initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), a conformal coating of hydrophobic PHFDMA polymer film was achieved on both faces of the porous substrate. Since the hydrophobic perfluoroalkyl functionality is tethered on PHFDMA via hydrolyzable ester functionality, the hydrophobic functionality on PHFDMA was readily released by hydrolysis reaction. Here, by simply floating the PHFDMA-coated substrates on KOH(aq) solution, only the face of the PHFDMA-coated substrate in contact with the KOH(aq) solution became hydrophilic by the conversion of the fluoroalkyl ester group in the PHFDMA to hydrophilic carboxylic acid functionality. The hydrophilized face was able to easily absorb water, showing a contact angle of less than 37°. However, the top side of the PHFDMA-coated substrate was unaffected by the exposure to KOH(aq) solution and remained hydrophobic. Moreover, the carboxylated surface was further functionalized with aminated polystyrene beads. The porous Janus substrates fabricated using this method can be applied to various kinds of clothing such as pants and shirts, something that the lamination process for Gore-tex has not allowed.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2014/aamick.2014.6.issue-6/am4054354/production/images/medium/am-2013-054354_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am4054354'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Surface-Modified Mesh Filter for Direct Nucleic Acid Extraction and its Application to Gene Expression Analysis

You, Jae Bem,Kim, Yong Tae,Lee, Kyoung G.,Choi, Yunho,Choi, Seongkyun,Kim, Chi Hyun,Kim, Kyung Hoon,Chang, Sung Jin,Lee, Tae Jae,Lee, Seok Jae,Im, Sung Gap Wiley - VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA 2017 Advanced Healthcare Materials Vol.6 No.20

Application of Monodirectional Janus Patch to Oromucosal Delivery System

You, Jae Bem,Choi, Ah Young,Baek, Jieung,Oh, Myung Seok,Im, Sung Gap,Lee, Kyung Eun,Gwak, Hye Sun Wiley (John WileySons) 2015 Advanced Healthcare Materials Vol.4 No.15

Incidence and Risk Factors of Infection Caused by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Colonization in Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit Patients

Se, Young-Bem,Chun, Hyoung-Joon,Yi, Hyeong-Joong,Kim, Dong-Won,Ko, Yong,Oh, Suck-Jun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2009 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.46 No.2

Objective: This study was aimed to identify the incidence and risk factors of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) colonization in neurosurgical practice of field, with particular attention to intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on the Neurosurgical ICU (NICU), during the period from January. 2005 to December. 2007, in 414 consecutive patients who had been admitted to the NICU. Demographics and known risk factors were retrieved and assessed by statistical methods. Results: A total of 52 patients had VRE colonization among 414 patients enrolled, with an overall prevalence rate of 6.1%. E. faecium was the most frequently isolated pathogen, and 92.3% of all VRE were isolated from urine specimen. Active infection was noticed only in 2 patients with bacteremia and meningitis. Relative antibiotic agents were third-generation cephalosporin in 40%, and vancomycin in 23%, and multiple antibiotic usages were also identified in 13% of all cases. Multivariate analyses showed Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score less than 8, placement of Foley catheter longer than 2 weeks, ICU stay over 2 weeks and presence of nearby VRE-positive patients had a significantly independent association with VRE infection. Conclusion: When managing the high-risk patients being prone to be infected VRE in the NICU, extreme caution should be paid upon. Because prevention and outbreak control is of ultimate importance, clinicians should be alert the possibility of impending colonization and infection by all means available. The most crucial interventions are careful hand washing, strict glove handling, meticulous and active screening, and complete segregation.